ASTM C478/C478M-22

Standard Specification for Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the manufacture and purchase requirements of products used for the assembly and construction of circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes and structures used in sewer and water works. Reinforced concrete shall consist of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, and water, in which steel reinforcement has been embedded in such a manner so that the steel reinforcement and concrete act together. Aggregates shall conform to the specification , except that the requirements for gradation shall not apply. Minimum compressive strength of concrete manhole products covered must meet the requirement. The aggregates shall be sized, graded, proportioned, and mixed with such proportions of cementitious materials and water as will produce as homogeneous concrete mixture of such quality that the products will conform to the test and design requirements. Concrete products shall be subjected to either steam or water curing. Test methods such as compression and absorption testing shall be performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the manufacture and purchase requirements of products used for the assembly and construction of circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes and structures used in sewer, drainage, and water works.  
1.2 Part I, Sections 1 – 11, of this specification presents general requirements and requirements that are common to each precast concrete product covered by this specification.  
1.3 Part II of this specification presents specific requirements for each manhole product in the following sections:    
Product  
Section  
Grade Rings  
12  
Flat Slab Tops  
13  
Risers and Conical Tops  
14  
Base Sections  
15  
Steps and Ladders  
16  
Note 1: Future products will be included in Part II in a future revision of this specification.  
1.4 The values stated in either inch pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
Note 2: This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specification only and does not include requirements for backfill, or the relationship between field load conditions and the strength requirements of the manhole products and appurtenances. Experience has shown, however, that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of the product strength, type of foundation and backfill, and care in the field installation of the manhole products and connecting pipes. The owner of the project for which these products are specified herein is cautioned to require inspection at the construction site.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2022
• ICS: 13.060.30 - Sewage water
• Technical Committee: C13 - Concrete Pipe
• Drafting Committee: C13.06 - Manholes and Specials

Relations

• Refers: ASTM C497M-20 - Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric)
• Effective Date: 15-Feb-2020
• Refers: ASTM C497M-20a - Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric)
• Effective Date: 01-May-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C478/C478M −22
Standard Specification for
1
Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C478/C478M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
PART I—GENERAL responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1. Scope*
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.1 This specification covers the manufacture and purchase
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
requirements of products used for the assembly and construc-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tion of circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
and structures used in sewer, drainage, and water works.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.2 Part I, Sections1–11, of this specification presents
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
general requirements and requirements that are common to
each precast concrete product covered by this specification.
2. Referenced Documents
2
1.3 Part II of this specification presents specific require-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ments for each manhole product in the following sections:
A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-
Product Section Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
Grade Rings 12
A706/A706M Specification for Deformed and Plain Low-
Flat Slab Tops 13
Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
Risers and Conical Tops 14
Base Sections 15
A1064/A1064M Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and
Steps and Ladders 16
Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for
NOTE 1—Future products will be included in Part II in a future revision
Concrete
of this specification.
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
1.4 The values stated in either inch pound or SI units are to C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
drical Concrete Specimens
be regarded separately as standard. The SI units are shown in
brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures
equivalents;therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependently
of the other. Combining values from the two systems may for Concrete
C309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Com-
result in nonconformance with the standard.
pounds for Curing Concrete
NOTE 2—This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specifica-
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
tion only and does not include requirements for backfill, or the relation-
Concrete
ship between field load conditions and the strength requirements of the
manhole products and appurtenances. Experience has shown, however,
C497 Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box
that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper
Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile
selection of the product strength, type of foundation and backfill, and care
C497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box
in the field installation of the manhole products and connecting pipes.The
Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric)
owner of the project for which these products are specified herein is
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
cautioned to require inspection at the construction site.
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
Products
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.06 on Manholes
2
and Specials. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2022. Published September 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as C478/C478M – 20. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/C0478_C0478M-22. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C478/C478M − 20 C478/C478M − 22
Standard Specification for
1
Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C478/C478M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
PART I—GENERAL
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers the manufacture and purchase requirements of products used for the assembly and construction of
circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes and structures used in sewer, drainage, and water works.
1.2 Part I, Sections 1 – 11, of this specification presents general requirements and requirements that are common to each precast
concrete product covered by this specification.
1.3 Part II of this specification presents specific requirements for each manhole product in the following sections:
Product Section
Grade Rings 12
Flat Slab Tops 13
Risers and Conical Tops 14
Base Sections 15
Steps and Ladders 16
NOTE 1—Future products will be included in Part II in a future revision of this specification.
1.4 The values stated in either inch pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The SI units are shown in brackets.
The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
NOTE 2—This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specification only and does not include requirements for backfill, or the relationship between
field load conditions and the strength requirements of the manhole products and appurtenances. Experience has shown, however, that the successful
performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of the product strength, type of foundation and backfill, and care in the field installation
of the manhole products and connecting pipes. The owner of the project for which these products are specified herein is cautioned to require inspection
at the construction site.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.06 on Manholes and Specials.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2020Sept. 1, 2022. Published September 2020September 2022. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 20192020
as C478 – 19.C478/C478M – 20. DOI: 10.1520/C0478_C0478M-20.10.1520/C0478_C0478M-22.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C478/C478M − 22
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
A706/A706M Specification for Deformed and Plain Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
A1064/A1064M Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
C309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
C497 Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile
C497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric)
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydrauli
...