ASTM E1290-02

Standard Test Method for Crack-Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) Fracture Toughness Measurement

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of critical crack-tip opening displacement (CTOD) values at one or more of several crack extension events. These CTOD values can be used as measures of fracture toughness for metallic materials, and are especially appropriate to materials that exhibit a change from ductile to brittle behavior with decreasing temperature. This test method applies specifically to notched specimens sharpened by fatigue cracking. The recommended specimens are three-point bend [SE(B)] compact [C(T)], or arc-shaped bend [A(B)] specimens. The loading rate is slow and influences of environment (other than temperature) are not covered. The specimens are tested under crosshead or clip gage displacement controlled loading.
1.1.1 The recommended specimen thickness,  B, for the SE(B) and C(T) specimens is that of the material in thicknesses intended for an application. For the A(B) specimen, the recommended depth, W, is the wall thickness of the tube or pipe from which the specimen is obtained. Superficial surface machining may be used when desired.
1.1.2 For the recommended three-point bend specimens [SE(B)], width, W, is either equal to, or twice, the specimen thickness, B, depending upon the application of the test. (See 4.3 for applications of the recommended specimens.) For SE(B) specimens the recommended initial normalized crack size is 0.45 ≤ ao/W  0.70. The span-to-width ratio ( S/W) is specified as 4.
1.1.3 For the recommended compact specimen [C(T)] the initial normalized crack size is 0.45 ≤ ao/W 0.70. The half-height-to-width ratio (H/W) equals 0.6 and the width to thickness ratio W/ B is specified to be 2.
1.1.4 For the recommended arc-shaped bend [A(B)] specimen, B is one-half the specimen depth, W. The initial normalized crack size is 0.45 o/W 0.70. The span to width ratio, S/W, may be either 3 or 4 depending on the ratio of the inner to outer tube radius. For an inner radius, r1, to an outer radius, r2, ratio of > 0.6 to 1.0, a span to width ratio, S/W, of 4 may be used. For r 1/r2 ratios from 0.4 to 0.6, an S/W of 3 may be used.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2002
• ICS: 77.040.10 - Mechanical testing of metals
• Technical Committee: E08 - Fatigue and Fracture
• Drafting Committee: E08.07 - Fracture Mechanics

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1290-99 - Standard Test Method for Crack-Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) Fracture Toughness Measurement
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM E1290-02e1 - Standard Test Method for Crack-Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) Fracture Toughness Measurement
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E2472-12(2018)e2 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Resistance to Stable Crack Extension under Low-Constraint Conditions
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E2818-11(2019) - Standard Practice for Determination of Quasistatic Fracture Toughness of Welds
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E1820-23b - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fracture Toughness
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F3122-14(2022) - Standard Guide for Evaluating Mechanical Properties of Metal Materials Made via Additive Manufacturing Processes
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM A788/A788M-23 - Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E1823-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E 1290 – 02
Standard Test Method for
Crack-Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) Fracture
1
Toughness Measurement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1290; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope r , ratio of > 0.6 to 1.0, a span to width ratio, S/W, of 4 may be
2
used. For r /r ratios from 0.4 to 0.6, an S/W of 3 may be used.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of critical 1 2
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
crack-tip opening displacement (CTOD) values at one or more
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of several crack extension events. These CTOD values can be
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
used as measures of fracture toughness for metallic materials,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
andareespeciallyappropriatetomaterialsthatexhibitachange
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
from ductile to brittle behavior with decreasing temperature.
This test method applies specifically to notched specimens
2. Referenced Documents
sharpened by fatigue cracking. The recommended specimens
2.1 ASTM Standards:
are three-point bend [SE(B)] compact [C(T)], or arc-shaped
2
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
bend[A(B)]specimens.Theloadingrateisslowandinfluences
2
E8 TestMethodsforTensionTestingofMetallicMaterials
of environment (other than temperature) are not covered. The
E399 Test Method for Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness of
specimensaretestedundercrossheadorclipgagedisplacement
2
Metallic Materials
controlled loading.
E646 Test Method for Tensile Strain-Hardening Exponents
1.1.1 The recommended specimen thickness, B, for the
2
(n-Values) of Metallic Sheet Materials
SE(B)andC(T)specimensisthatofthematerialinthicknesses
E1820 Test Method for Measurement of Fracture Tough-
intended for an application. For the A(B) specimen, the
2
ness
recommended depth, W, is the wall thickness of the tube or
E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture
pipe from which the specimen is obtained. Superficial surface
2
Testing
machining may be used when desired.
1.1.2 For the recommended three-point bend specimens
3. Terminology
[SE(B)], width, W, is either equal to, or twice, the specimen
3.1 Terminology E1823 is applicable to this test method.
thickness, B, depending upon the application of the test. (See
3.2 Definitions:
4.3 for applications of the recommended specimens.) For
3.2.1 crack tip opening displacement, (CTOD), d[L]—the
SE(B) specimens the recommended initial normalized crack
crack displacement due to elastic and plastic deformation at
size is 0.45# a /W# 0.70. The span-to-width ratio (S/W)is
o
variously defined locations near the original (prior to an
specified as 4.
application of force) crack tip.
1.1.3 For the recommended compact specimen [C(T)] the
3.2.1.1 Discussion—In this test method, CTOD is the dis-
initial normalized crack size is 0.45 # a /W # 0.70. The
o
placement of the crack surfaces normal to the original (un-
half-height-to-width ratio (H/W) equals 0.6 and the width to
loaded) crack plane at the tip of the fatigue precrack, a .
o
thickness ratio W/B is specified to be 2.
1.1.4 For the recommended arc-shaped bend [A(B)] speci-
InCTODtesting, d [L]isthevalueofCTODattheonsetofunstable
c
men, B is one-half the specimen depth, W. The initial normal- brittlecrackextension(see3.2.13)orpop-in(see3.2.7)when Da <0.2
p
mm (0.008 in.). The force P and the clip gage displacement v , for d
ized crack size is 0.45 < a /W< 0.70. The span to width ratio, c c c
o
are indicated in Fig. 1.
S/W, may be either 3 or 4 depending on the ratio of the inner
InCTODtesting, d [L]isthevalueofCTODattheonsetofunstable
u
to outer tube radius. For an inner radius, r , to an outer radius,
1
brittlecrackextension(see3.2.13)orpop-in(see3.2.7)whentheevent
isprecededby Da >0.2mm(0.008in.).Theforce P andtheclipgage
p u
displacement v , for d are indicated in Fig. 1.
u u
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E08 on Fatigue
In CTOD testing, d [L] is the value of CTOD at the first attainment
m
and Fracture and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E08.08 on Elastic-
Plastic Fracture Mechanics Technology.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2002. Published March 2003. Originally
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published in 1989. Last previous edition published in 1999 as E1290–99. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
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