ASTM C586-11

Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Carbonate Rocks as Concrete Aggregates (Rock-Cylinder Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended to give a relatively rapid indication of the potential expansive reactivity of certain carbonate rocks that may be used as concrete aggregates. The test method has been successfully used in (1) research and (2) preliminary screening of aggregate sources to indicate the presence of material with a potential for deleterious expansion when used in concrete.
The test method is intended as a research and screening method rather than as the basis of a specification requirement. It is intended to supplement data from field service records, petrographic examinations according to Guide C295, and tests of aggregate in concrete according to Test Method C1105.
Alkalies participating in the expansive reactions with aggregate constituents in concrete usually are derived from the hydraulic cement; under certain circumstances they may be derived from other constituents of concrete or from external sources. Two types of alkali reactivity of aggregates are recognized: (1) alkali-silica reaction involving certain siliceous rocks, minerals, and artificial glasses, and (2) alkali carbonate reaction involving dolomite in certain calcitic dolomites, dolomitic limestones, and dolostones. This test method is not suitable as a means to detect alkali-silica reaction.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the expansion of a specimen of carbonate rock while immersed in a solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at room temperature. The length changes occurring during such immersion indicate the general level of reactivity of the rock and whether tests should be made to determine the effect of aggregate prepared from the rock upon the volume change in concrete.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2011
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.50 - Aggregate Reactions in Concrete

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C586-05 - Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Carbonate Rocks as Concrete Aggregates (Rock-Cylinder Method)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2011
• Replaced By: ASTM C586-11(2019) - Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Carbonate Rocks as Concrete Aggregates (Rock-Cylinder Method)
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2019
• Referred By: ASTM C1778-22 - Standard Guide for Reducing the Risk of Deleterious Alkali-Aggregate Reaction in Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1105-08a(2016) - Standard Test Method for Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Carbonate Rock Reaction
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C586 − 11
Standard Test Method for
Potential Alkali Reactivity of Carbonate Rocks as Concrete
1
Aggregates (Rock-Cylinder Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C586; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D75Practice for Sampling Aggregates
D1248Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Extrusion
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the expan-
Materials for Wire and Cable
sion of a specimen of carbonate rock while immersed in a
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at room temperature.
ASTM Test Methods
The length changes occurring during such immersion indicate
the general level of reactivity of the rock and whether tests
3. Terminology
should be made to determine the effect of aggregate prepared
from the rock upon the volume change in concrete.
3.1 For definitions of terms relating to aggregates used in
this test method, refer to Descriptive Nomenclature C294.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4. Summary of Test Method
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Small rock cylinders are immersed in a solution of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
NaOH except when removed for determination of length
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
change. The length change of each specimen is periodically
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
determined.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
5. Significance and Use
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.1 This test method is intended to give a relatively rapid
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
indication of the potential expansive reactivity of certain
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
carbonate rocks that may be used as concrete aggregates. The
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
test method has been successfully used in (1) research and (2)
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
preliminary screening of aggregate sources to indicate the
presence of material with a potential for deleterious expansion
2. Referenced Documents
when used in concrete.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C294Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Con-
5.2 The test method is intended as a research and screening
crete Aggregates
method rather than as the basis of a specification requirement.
C295GuideforPetrographicExaminationofAggregatesfor
It is intended to supplement data from field service records,
Concrete
petrographic examinations according to Guide C295, and tests
C1105Test Method for Length Change of Concrete Due to
of aggregate in concrete according to Test Method C1105.
Alkali-Carbonate Rock Reaction
5.3 Alkalies participating in the expansive reactions with
aggregateconstituentsinconcreteusuallyarederivedfromthe
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
hydraulic cement; under certain circumstances they may be
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
derived from other constituents of concrete or from external
C09.50 on Aggregate Reactions in Concrete.
sources. Two types of alkali reactivity of aggregates are
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originally
recognized:(1)alkali-silicareactioninvolvingcertainsiliceous
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C586 – 05. DOI:
10.1520/C0586-11.
rocks, minerals, and artificial glasses, and (2) alkali carbonate
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
reaction involving dolomite in certain calcitic dolomites, do-
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
lomitic limestones, and dolostones. This test method is not
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. suitable as a means to detect alkali-silica reaction.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C586 − 11
6. Apparatus and Reagents ing device shall be checked by use of the reference bar at least
atthebeginningandendofthereadings
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C586–05 Designation: C586 – 11
Standard Test Method for
Potential Alkali Reactivity of Carbonate Rocks as Concrete
1
Aggregates (Rock-Cylinder Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C586; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the expansion of a specimen of carbonate rock while immersed in a solution
ofsodiumhydroxide(NaOH)atroomtemperature.Thelengthchangesoccurringduringsuchimmersionindicatethegenerallevel
of reactivity of the rock and whether tests should be made to determine the effect of aggregate prepared from the rock upon the
volume change in concrete.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for
information only.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C294 Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Concrete Aggregates
C295 Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete
C1105 Test Method for Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Carbonate Rock Reaction
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
D1248 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Extrusion Materials for Wire and Cable
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms relating to aggregates used in this test method, refer to Descriptive Nomenclature C294.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Small rock cylinders are immersed in a solution of NaOH except when removed for determination of length change. The
length change of each specimen is periodically determined.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is intended to give a relatively rapid indication of the potential expansive reactivity of certain carbonate
rocks that may be used as concrete aggregates. The test method has been successfully used in (1) research and (2) preliminary
screening of aggregate sources to indicate the presence of material with a potential for deleterious expansion when used in
concrete.
5.2 The test method is intended as a research and screening method rather than as the basis of a specification requirement. It
is intended to supplement data from field service records, petrographic examinations according to Guide C295, and tests of
aggregate in concrete according to Test Method C1105.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.26 on
Chemical Reactions.
CurrenteditionapprovedMay15,2005.PublishedJune2005.Originallyapprovedin1966.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin1999asC586–99.DOI:10.1520/C0586-05.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011. Published November 2011. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C586–05. DOI:
10.1520/C0586-11.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail]ards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C586 – 11
5.3 Alkalies participating in the expansive reactions with aggregate constituents in concrete usually are derived from the
hydraulic cement; under certain circumstances they may be derived from other constituents of concrete or from external sources.
Two types of alkali reactivity of aggregates are recognized: (1) alkali-silica reaction involving certain siliceous rocks, minerals,
and artificial glasses, and (2) alkali carbonate reaction involving dolomite in certain calcitic dolomites, dolomitic limestones, and
dolost
...