ASTM D5401-03(2009)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluating Clear Water Repellent Coatings on Wood
Standard Test Method for Evaluating Clear Water Repellent Coatings on Wood
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Water is known to penetrate wood substrates, causing dimensional instability and eventual deterioration. Clear water repellent coatings are designed to protect wood from damaging effects of water. This test method is used to evaluate the effectiveness of water repellent coatings on wood soon after application or after long-term exterior exposure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the effectiveness of clear water repellent coatings on wood before or after exterior exposure.
1.2 Intralaboratory results with this test method can be used to compare the effectiveness of clear water repellent coatings. The agreement between results obtained in different laboratories may be less satisfactory unless a known water repellent is used as a reference.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D5401 − 03 (Reapproved2009)
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating Clear Water Repellent Coatings on Wood
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5401; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method evaluates the effectiveness of clear 4.1 FivePonderosapinespecimensaretreatedwiththeclear
water repellent coatings on wood before or after exterior water repellent under test and allowed to dry for seven days.
exposure. Five untreated specimens serve as controls. The treated and
untreatedspecimensareeachweighedandthenallowedtofloat
1.2 Intralaboratory results with this test method can be used
in water for 30 min. The specimens are removed, the excess
to compare the effectiveness of clear water repellent coatings.
water is wiped off, and each are reweighed. The effectiveness
The agreement between results obtained in different laborato-
of the water repellent coating is then calculated.
ries may be less satisfactory unless a known water repellent is
used as a reference.
5. Significance and Use
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
5.1 Water is known to penetrate wood substrates, causing
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
dimensional instability and eventual deterioration. Clear water
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
repellent coatings are designed to protect wood from damaging
and are not considered standard.
effects of water. This test method is used to evaluate the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the effectiveness of water repellent coatings on wood soon after
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the application or after long-term exterior exposure.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6. Apparatus
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.1 Conditioning Room or Chamber, having a controlled
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
temperature of 73.5 6 3.5°F (23 6 2°C) and a controlled
2. Referenced Documents
relative humidity of 50 6 5 % as described in Specification
2.1 ASTM Standards: D3924. This is used to establish a uniform moisture content in
D358 Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in the test specimens and during the test.
Weathering Tests of Coatings
6.2 Balance, accurate to at least 0.1 g.
D1006 Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of
6.3 Saw, sharp, fine-toothed, with a minimum of ten teeth/
Paints on Wood
in. to obtain a smooth surface on the test specimen.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D3924 Specification for Environment for Conditioning and
7. Reagents and Materials
Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials
7.1 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise clearly indicated,
3. Terminology
references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water
as defined by Type IV of Specification D1193.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 clear water repellent coating, n—a transparent coating
7.2 Wood—Wood used for these tests shall be randomly
formulated for the purpose of protecting porous substrates by selectedstandardcommercial“two-by-fours,”straight-grained,
preventing the penetration of liquid water.
knot-free, flat-sawn, kiln-dried, Ponderosa pine sapwood, se-
lected in accordance with Specification D358.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
NOTE 1—Species other than Ponderosa pine may be used by mutual
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
agreement.
Subcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2009. Published February 2009. Originally
8. Test Specimens
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5401 - 03 (2008).
DOI: 10.1520/D5401-03R09.
8.1 Cut away and discard 3 in. (76 mm) of end grain from
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
the selected “two-by-four” to avoid any pretreatment that may
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
have been applied by the supplier and to ensure an even cut on
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. every specimen.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5401 − 03 (2009)
8.2 Using the fine-toothed saw (see 6.3) to ensure a smooth
B = weight of the untreated specimen before water contact,
surface, cut a supply of 12 in. (305 mm) long test specimens
g,
sufficient for the intended test program, with an ample overage
C = weight of the treated specimen after water contact, g,
to allow for possible discards. Five specimens are required for
and
each water repellent being tested and five for an untreated
D = weightofthetreatedspecimenbeforewatercontract,g.
control set.
8.3 Weigh each specimen to 0.1 g and calculate the mean
11.2 Calculate the mean WRE value for each five-specimen
weight. Discard specimens that vary more than 10 % from the set.
mean and cut additional specimens as necessary to obtain
12. Report
sufficient specimens within the specified weight range to
perform all of the planned tests.
12.1 Report the following information:
12.1.1 Mean water repellent effici
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5401–03(Reapproved2008) Designation: D 5401 – 03 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating Clear Water Repellent Coatings on Wood
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5401; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method evaluates the effectiveness of clear water repellent coatings on wood before or after exterior exposure.
1.2 Intralaboratory results with this test method can be used to compare the effectiveness of clear water repellent coatings. The
agreement between results obtained in different laboratories may be less satisfactory unless a known water repellent is used as a
reference.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 358 Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in Weathering Tests of Coatings
D 1006 Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of Paints on Wood
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D 3924 Specification for Environment for Conditioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 clear water repellent coating, n— a transparent coating formulated for the purpose of protecting porous substrates by
preventing the penetration of liquid water.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Five Ponderosa pine specimens are treated with the clear water repellent under test and allowed to dry for seven days. Five
untreated specimens serve as controls. The treated and untreated specimens are each weighed and then allowed to float in water
for 30 min. The specimens are removed, the excess water is wiped off, and each are reweighed. The effectiveness of the water
repellent coating is then calculated.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Water is known to penetrate wood substrates, causing dimensional instability and eventual deterioration. Clear water
repellent coatings are designed to protect wood from damaging effects of water. This test method is used to evaluate the
effectiveness of water repellent coatings on wood soon after application or after long-term exterior exposure.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Conditioning Room or Chamber , having a controlled temperature of 73.5 6 3.5°F (23 6 2°C) and a controlled relative
humidity of 50 6 5 % as described in Specification D 3924. This is used to establish a uniform moisture content in the test
specimens and during the test.
6.2 Balance, accurate to at least 0.1 g.
6.3 Saw, sharp, fine-toothed, with a minimum of ten teeth/in. to obtain a smooth surface on the test specimen.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.
Current edition approved JuneFeb. 1, 2008.2009. Published June 2008.February 2009. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20032008 as
D 5401 - 03 (2008).
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 5401 – 03 (2009)
7. Reagents and Materials
7.1 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise clearly indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as
defined by Type IV of Specification D 1193.
7.2 Wood—Wood used for these tests shall be randomly selected standard commercial “two-by-fours,” straight-grained,
knot-free, flat-sawn, kiln-dried, Ponderosa pine sapwood, selected in accordance with Specification D 358.
NOTE 1—Species other than Ponderosa pine may be used by mutual agreement.
8. Test Specimens
8.1 Cut away and discard 3 in. (76 mm) of end grain from the selected “two-by-four” to avoid any pretreatment that may have
been applied by the supplier and to ensure an even cut on every specimen.
8.2 Using the fine-toothed saw (see 6.3) to ensure a smooth surface, cut a supply of 12 in. (305 mm) long test specimens
sufficient for the intended test program, with an ample overage to allow for possible discards. Five specimens are required for each
water repellent being tested and five for an untreated control set.
8.3 Weigh each specimen to 0.1 g and calculate the mean weight. Discard specimens that vary more than 10 % from the mean
and cut additional specimens as necessary to obtain sufficient specimens within the specified weight range to perform all of the
planned tests.
8.4 Store the test specimens for at least six days in a conditioned room
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5401–03(Reapproved2008) Designation: D 5401 – 03 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating Clear Water Repellent Coatings on Wood
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5401; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method evaluates the effectiveness of clear water repellent coatings on wood before or after exterior exposure.
1.2 Intralaboratory results with this test method can be used to compare the effectiveness of clear water repellent coatings. The
agreement between results obtained in different laboratories may be less satisfactory unless a known water repellent is used as a
reference.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 358 Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in Weathering Tests of Coatings
D 1006 Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of Paints on Wood
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D 3924 Specification for Environment for Conditioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 clear water repellent coating, n— a transparent coating formulated for the purpose of protecting porous substrates by
preventing the penetration of liquid water.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Five Ponderosa pine specimens are treated with the clear water repellent under test and allowed to dry for seven days. Five
untreated specimens serve as controls. The treated and untreated specimens are each weighed and then allowed to float in water
for 30 min. The specimens are removed, the excess water is wiped off, and each are reweighed. The effectiveness of the water
repellent coating is then calculated.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Water is known to penetrate wood substrates, causing dimensional instability and eventual deterioration. Clear water
repellent coatings are designed to protect wood from damaging effects of water. This test method is used to evaluate the
effectiveness of water repellent coatings on wood soon after application or after long-term exterior exposure.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Conditioning Room or Chamber , having a controlled temperature of 73.5 6 3.5°F (23 6 2°C) and a controlled relative
humidity of 50 6 5 % as described in Specification D 3924. This is used to establish a uniform moisture content in the test
specimens and during the test.
6.2 Balance, accurate to at least 0.1 g.
6.3 Saw, sharp, fine-toothed, with a minimum of ten teeth/in. to obtain a smooth surface on the test specimen.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.42 on Architectural Coatings.
Current edition approved JuneFeb. 1, 2008.2009. Published June 2008.February 2009. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20032008 as
D 5401 - 03 (2008).
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 5401 – 03 (2009)
7. Reagents and Materials
7.1 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise clearly indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as
defined by Type IV of Specification D 1193.
7.2 Wood—Wood used for these tests shall be randomly selected standard commercial “two-by-fours,” straight-grained,
knot-free, flat-sawn, kiln-dried, Ponderosa pine sapwood, selected in accordance with Specification D 358.
NOTE 1—Species other than Ponderosa pine may be used by mutual agreement.
8. Test Specimens
8.1 Cut away and discard 3 in. (76 mm) of end grain from the selected “two-by-four” to avoid any pretreatment that may have
been applied by the supplier and to ensure an even cut on every specimen.
8.2 Using the fine-toothed saw (see 6.3) to ensure a smooth surface, cut a supply of 12 in. (305 mm) long test specimens
sufficient for the intended test program, with an ample overage to allow for possible discards. Five specimens are required for each
water repellent being tested and five for an untreated control set.
8.3 Weigh each specimen to 0.1 g and calculate the mean weight. Discard specimens that vary more than 10 % from the mean
and cut additional specimens as necessary to obtain sufficient specimens within the specified weight range to perform all of the
planned tests.
8.4 Store the test specimens for at least six days in a conditioned room
...
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