ASTM D7042-16

Standard Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Many petroleum products, and some non-petroleum materials, are used as lubricants and the correct operation of the equipment depends upon the appropriate viscosity of the liquid being used. In addition, the viscosity of many petroleum fuels is important for the estimation of optimum storage, handling, and operational conditions. Thus, the accurate determination of viscosity is essential to many product specifications.  
5.2 Density is a fundamental physical property that can be used in conjunction with other properties to characterize both the light and heavy fractions of petroleum and petroleum products.  
5.3 Determination of the density or relative density of petroleum and its products is necessary for the conversion of measured volumes to volumes at the standard temperature of 15°C.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and specifies a procedure for the concurrent measurement of both the dynamic viscosity, η, and the density, ρ, of liquid petroleum products and crude oils, both transparent and opaque. The kinematic viscosity, ν, can be obtained by dividing the dynamic viscosity, η, by the density, ρ, obtained at the same test temperature.  
1.2 The result obtained from this test method is dependent upon the behavior of the sample and is intended for application to liquids for which primarily the shear stress and shear rate are proportional (Newtonian flow behavior).  
1.3 The precision has only been determined for those materials, viscosity ranges, density ranges, and temperatures as indicated in Section 15 on Precision and Bias. The test method can be applied to a wider range of materials, viscosity, density, and temperature. For materials not listed in Section 15 on Precision and Bias, the precision and bias may not be applicable.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-May-2016
• ICS: 17.060 - Measurement of volume, mass, density, viscosity
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.07 - Flow Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7042 − 16
StandardTest Method for
Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger
1
Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7042; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
ity)
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversandspecifiesaprocedureforthe
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
concurrent measurement of both the dynamic viscosity, η, and
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers
thedensity, ρ,ofliquidpetroleumproductsandcrudeoils,both
and Viscosity Oil Standards
transparent and opaque. The kinematic viscosity, ν, can be
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kine-
obtained by dividing the dynamic viscosity, η, by the density,
matic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C
ρ, obtained at the same test temperature.
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
1.2 The result obtained from this test method is dependent
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
upon the behavior of the sample and is intended for application
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
toliquidsforwhichprimarilytheshearstressandshearrateare
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
proportional (Newtonian flow behavior).
Measurement System Performance
1.3 The precision has only been determined for those D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
materials, viscosity ranges,densityranges,andtemperaturesas
indicated in Section 15 on Precision and Bias. The test method Lubricants
D6617 Practice for Laboratory Bias Detection Using Single
can be applied to a wider range of materials, viscosity, density,
and temperature. For materials not listed in Section 15 on Test Result from Standard Material
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
Precision and Bias, the precision and bias may not be appli-
cable. of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100)
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
for Middle Distillate Fuels
standard.
D7467 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
(B6 to B20)
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ISO 5725 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measure-
priate safety and health practices and to determine the
ment Methods and Results
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ISO 8217 Specifications for Marine Fuels
ISO/IEC 17025 General Requirements for the Competence
2. Referenced Documents
of Testing and Calibration Laboratories
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4
2.3 Other Documents:
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guideline for Evaluating and
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
Expressing the Uncertainty of NISTMeasurement Results
3. Terminology
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of 3.1 Definitions:
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.
3.1.1 density (ρ), n—mass per unit volume.
Current edition approved May 15, 2016. Published June 2016. Originally
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D7042 – 14.
DOI:10.1520/D7042-16.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
the ASTM website. Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7042 − 16
3.1.2 dynamicviscosity(η),n—theratiobetweentheapplied 6. Apparatus
shear stress and rate of shear of a liquid. 5,6
6.1 Stabinger Viscometer
3.1.2.1 Discussion—It is sometimes called the coefficient of
6
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7042 − 14 D7042 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger
1
Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7042; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers and specifies a procedure for the concurrent measurement of both the dynamic viscosity, η, and the
density, ρ, of liquid petroleum products and crude oils, both transparent and opaque. The kinematic viscosity, ν, can be obtained
by dividing the dynamic viscosity, η, by the density, ρ, obtained at the same test temperature.
1.2 The result obtained from this test method is dependent upon the behavior of the sample and is intended for application to
liquids for which primarily the shear stress and shear rate are proportional (Newtonian flow behavior).
1.3 The precision has only been determined for those materials, viscosity ranges, density ranges, and temperatures as indicated
in Section 15 on Precision and Bias. The test method can be applied to a wider range of materials, viscosity, density, and
temperature. For materials not listed in Section 15 on Precision and Bias, the precision and bias may not be applicable.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers and Viscosity Oil Standards
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 °C and 100 °C
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D6617 Practice for Laboratory Bias Detection Using Single Test Result from Standard Material
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
D7467 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to B20)
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 5725 Accuracy (trueness(Trueness and precision)Precision) of measurement methodsMeasurement Methods and resultsRe-
sults
ISO 8217 Specifications for Marine Fuels
ISO/IEC 17025 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved May 1, 2014May 15, 2016. Published July 2014June 2016. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20122014 as
D7042 – 12a.D7042 – 14. DOI:10.1520/D7042-14.DOI:10.1520/D7042-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7042 − 16
4
2.3 Other Documents:
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guideline for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results
3
...