ASTM F404-13a
(Specification)Standard Consumer Safety Specification for High Chairs
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for High Chairs
SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the performance requirements and methods of test to ensure the satisfactory performance of the high chair.
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to minimize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of high chairs. Note 1—This consumer safety specification is not intended to address accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of older children with children in the high chair or the accidents resulting from abuse and misuse by persons over three years of age.
1.3 For purposes of this consumer safety specification, a high chair is a free standing chair that elevates a child to standard dining table height. The high chair is made for the purpose of holding a child, up to 3 years of age, who can remain in a sitting position due to the child's own coordination, and normally for the purposes of feeding or eating. A high chair may be height adjustable and include a reclined position for infants not able to remain in a sitting position due to the child's own coordination.
1.4 No high chair produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 2—This consumer safety specification includes the following sections:
Title
Section
Scope
1
Referenced Documents
2
Terminology
3
Calibration and Standardization
4
General Requirements
5
Latching or Locking Mechanisms
5.4
Nonpaper Labels
5.5
Openings
5.6
Performance Requirements
6
Protective Components
6.1
Tray Performance (Drop)
6.2
Tray Performance (Pull)
6.3
Static Load
6.4
Stability
6.5
Exposed Coil Springs
6.6
Scissoring, Shearing, and Pinching
6.7
Restraint System
6.8
Passive Crotch Restraint System
6.9
Structural Integrity
6.10
Tray Latch Release Mechanisms
6.11
Side Containment
6.12
Test Methods
7
Locking Mechanisms
7.1
Protective Components
7.2
Tray—Drop Test
7.3
Tray—Horizontal Force
7.4
Tray—Vertical Pull Test
7.5
Static Load Testing
7.6
Stability Testing
7.7
Restraint System Retention Test
7.8
Permanency of Labels and Warnings
7.9
Dynamic High Chair Test
7.10
Leg Openings
7.11
Tray Latch Release Mechanism—Accessibility
7.12
Side Containment Openings
7.14
Labeling and Warnings
8
Instructional Literature
9
Keywords
10
Rationale
Appendix X1
General Information
Relations
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:F404 −13a
StandardConsumer Safety Specification for
1
High Chairs
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF404;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses high chair incidents that were identified by the U.S.
Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).
CPSC identified injuries to children associated with tray disengagement, falls resulting when
children stood up on the seat of a high chair, entrapment between the tray and the seat, and tipover.
By far the most common injury resulted from children falling when they were able to stand up on the
seat of the high chair because they were not secured by the restraining system. In response to the
incident data developed by the Commission, this consumer safety performance specification attempts
to minimize the above listed problems.
This consumer safety performance specification does not cover high chairs that are either blatantly
misused or are used in a careless manner that disregards the warnings and safety instructions that are
provided with each high chair.
This consumer safety performance specification is written within the current state-of-the-art of high
chair technology. It is intended that this specification will be updated whenever substantive
information becomes available that necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of
existing requirements.
1. Scope 1.4 No high chair produced after the approval date of this
consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the perfor-
means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it
mance requirements and methods of test to ensure the satis-
conforms to all requirements contained herein.
factory performance of the high chair.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to mini-
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
mize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of high chairs.
and are not considered standard.
NOTE 1—This consumer safety specification is not intended to address
accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of older children with
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
children in the high chair or the accidents resulting from abuse and misuse
test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This
by persons over three years of age.
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
1.3 For purposes of this consumer safety specification, a
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
high chair is a free standing chair that elevates a child to
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
standard dining table height. The high chair is made for the
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
purpose of holding a child, up to 3 years of age, who can
tions prior to use.
remaininasittingpositionduetothechild’sowncoordination,
NOTE 2—This consumer safety specification includes the following
andnormallyforthepurposesoffeedingoreating.Ahighchair
sections:
may be height adjustable and include a reclined position for
Title Section
Scope 1
infants not able to remain in a sitting position due to the child’s
Referenced Documents 2
own coordination.
Terminology 3
Calibration and Standardization 4
1
General Requirements 5
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Commit-
Latching or Locking Mechanisms 5.4
tee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Nonpaper Labels 5.5
F15.16 on Highchairs, Hook-On Chairs and Expandable Gates.
Openings 5.6
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013. Published December 2013. Originally
Performance Requirements 6
approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F404 – 13. DOI:
Protective Components 6.1
10.1520/F0404-13A.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F404−13a
3.1.2 double action release mechanism, n—mechanism re-
Tray Performance (Drop) 6.2
Tray Performance (Pull) 6.3
quiring either two consecutive actions, the first of which must
Static Load 6.4
be maintained while the second is carried out or two separate
Stability 6.5
and independent locking mechanisms that must be activated
Exposed Coil Springs 6.6
Scissoring, Shearing, and Pin
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F404 − 13 F404 − 13a
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
1
High Chairs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F404; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses high chair incidents that were identified by the U.S.
Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).
CPSC identified injuries to children associated with tray disengagement, falls resulting when
children stood up on the seat of a high chair, entrapment between the tray and the seat, and tipover.
By far the most common injury resulted from children falling when they were able to stand up on the
seat of the high chair because they were not secured by the restraining system. In response to the
incident data developed by the Commission, this consumer safety performance specification attempts
to minimize the above listed problems.
This consumer safety performance specification does not cover high chairs that are either blatantly
misused or are used in a careless manner that disregards the warnings and safety instructions that are
provided with each high chair.
This consumer safety performance specification is written within the current state-of-the-art of high
chair technology. It is intended that this specification will be updated whenever substantive
information becomes available that necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of
existing requirements.
1. Scope
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the performance requirements and methods of test to ensure the satisfactory
performance of the high chair.
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to minimize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and reasonably
foreseeable misuse or abuse of high chairs.
NOTE 1—This consumer safety specification is not intended to address accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of older children with
children in the high chair or the accidents resulting from abuse and misuse by persons over three years of age.
1.3 For purposes of this consumer safety specification, a high chair is a free standing chair that elevates a child to standard
dining table height. The high chair is made for the purpose of holding a child, up to 3 years of age, who can remain in a sitting
position due to the child’s own coordination, and normally for the purposes of feeding or eating. A high chair may be height
adjustable and include a reclined position for infants not able to remain in a sitting position due to the child’s own coordination.
1.4 No high chair produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means,
indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 2—This consumer safety specification includes the following sections:
Title Section
1
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.16
on Highchairs, Hook-On Chairs and Expandable Gates.
Current edition approved July 1, 2013Nov. 1, 2013. Published November 2013December 2013. Originally approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 20102013
as F404 – 10.F404 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/F0404-13.10.1520/F0404-13A.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F404 − 13a
Scope 1
Referenced Documents 2
Terminology 3
Calibration and Standardization 4
General Requirements 5
Latching or Locking Mechanisms 5.4
Nonpaper Labels 5.5
Openings 5.6
Performance Requirements 6
Protective Compon
...
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