ASTM F404-21

Standard Consumer Safety Specification for High Chairs

SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the performance requirements and methods of test to ensure the satisfactory performance of the high chair and high chairs created by using a high chair conversion kit and component(s) from another product.  
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to minimize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of high chairs.  
Note 1: This consumer safety specification is not intended to address accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of older children with children in the high chair or the accidents resulting from abuse and misuse by persons over three years of age.  
1.3 No high chair or high chair conversion kit produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 2: This consumer safety specification includes the following sections:    
Title  
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Calibration and Standardization  
4  
General Requirements  
5  
Compliance When Used With
Conversion Kits  
5.3  
Threaded Fasteners  
5.5  
Latching or Locking Mechanisms  
5.9  
Labeling  
5.10  
Openings  
5.11  
Toys  
5.12  
Performance Requirements  
6  
Protective Components  
6.1  
Removable Tray or Front Torso Support
Performance Integrity  
6.2  
Tray or Front Torso Support Performance –
Pull Test  
6.3  
Static Load  
6.4  
Stability  
6.5  
Exposed Coil Springs  
6.6  
Scissoring, Shearing, and Pinching  
6.7  
Restraint System  
6.8  
Passive Crotch Restraint System  
6.9  
Structural Integrity  
6.10  
Tray Latch Release Mechanisms  
6.11  
Side Containment  
6.12  
Protrusions  
6.13  
Test Methods  
7  
Locking Mechanisms  
7.1  
Protective Components  
7.2  
Tray or Front Torso Support – Drop Test  
7.3  
Tray or Front Torso Support Disengagement –
Horizontal Pull Test  
7.4  
Tray or Front Torso Support Disengagement –
Vertical Pull Test  
7.5  
Static Load Testing  
7.6  
Stability Testing  
7.7  
Restraint System Retention Test  
7.8  
Permanency of Labels and Warnings  
7.9  
Dynamic High Chair Test  
7.10  
Completely Bounded Openings  
7.11  
Tray Latch Release Mechanism – Accessibility  
7.12  
Side Containment Openings  
7.14  
Marking and Labeling  
8  
Instructional Literature  
9  
Keywords  
10  
Rationale  
Appendix X1  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Nov-2021
• ICS: 97.140 - Furniture
• Technical Committee: F15 - Consumer Products
• Drafting Committee: F15.16 - Highchairs and Hook-On Chairs

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F404 − 21
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
1
High Chairs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F404; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses high chair incidents that were identified by the U.S.
Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).
CPSC identified injuries to children associated with tray disengagement, falls resulting when
children stood up on the seat of a high chair, entrapment between the tray and the seat, and tipover.
By far the most common injury resulted from children falling when they were able to stand up on the
seat of the high chair because they were not secured by the restraint system. In response to the incident
data developed by the Commission, this consumer safety performance specification attempts to
minimize the above listed problems.
This consumer safety performance specification does not cover high chairs that are either blatantly
misused or are used in a careless manner that disregards the warnings and safety instructions that are
provided with each high chair.
This consumer safety performance specification is written within the current state-of-the-art of high
chair technology. It is intended that this specification will be updated whenever substantive
information becomes available that necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of
existing requirements.
1. Scope 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the perfor-
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
mance requirements and methods of test to ensure the satis-
and are not considered standard.
factory performance of the high chair and high chairs created
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
by using a high chair conversion kit and component(s) from
test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This
another product.
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to mini-
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
mize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of high chairs.
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
NOTE 1—This consumer safety specification is not intended to address
regulatory limitations prior to use.
accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of older children with
NOTE 2—This consumer safety specification includes the following
children in the high chair or the accidents resulting from abuse and misuse
sections:
by persons over three years of age.
Title Section
1.3 No high chair or high chair conversion kit produced
Scope 1
after the approval date of this consumer safety specification
Referenced Documents 2
Terminology 3
shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with
Calibration and Standardization 4
this specification unless it conforms to all requirements con-
General Requirements 5
tained herein.
Compliance When Used With 5.3
Conversion Kits
Threaded Fasteners 5.5
1
Latching or Locking Mechanisms 5.9
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commit-
Labeling 5.10
tee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Openings 5.11
F15.16 on Highchairs and Hook-On Chairs.
Toys 5.12
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2021. Published January 2022. Originally
Performance Requirements 6
approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as F404 – 20. DOI:
Protective Components 6.1
10.1520/F0404-21.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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F404 − 21
Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other Articles
Removable Tray or Front Torso Support 6.2
Performance Integrity
Intended for Use by Children Under Eight Years of Age
Tray or Front Torso Support Performance – 6.3
16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Ar-
Pull Test
Static Load 6.4 ticles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Years of
Stability 6.5
Age Which Present Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion
Exposed Coil Springs 6.6
Hazards Because of Small Parts
Scissoring, Sh
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F404 − 20 F404 − 21
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
1
High Chairs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F404; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses high chair incidents that were identified by the U.S.
Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).
CPSC identified injuries to children associated with tray disengagement, falls resulting when
children stood up on the seat of a high chair, entrapment between the tray and the seat, and tipover.
By far the most common injury resulted from children falling when they were able to stand up on the
seat of the high chair because they were not secured by the restrainingrestraint system. In response to
the incident data developed by the Commission, this consumer safety performance specification
attempts to minimize the above listed problems.
This consumer safety performance specification does not cover high chairs that are either blatantly
misused or are used in a careless manner that disregards the warnings and safety instructions that are
provided with each high chair.
This consumer safety performance specification is written within the current state-of-the-art of high
chair technology. It is intended that this specification will be updated whenever substantive
information becomes available that necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of
existing requirements.
1. Scope
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the performance requirements and methods of test to ensure the satisfactory
performance of the high chair and high chairs created by using a high chair conversion kit and component(s) from another product.
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to minimize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and reasonably
foreseeable misuse or abuse of high chairs.
NOTE 1—This consumer safety specification is not intended to address accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of older children with children
in the high chair or the accidents resulting from abuse and misuse by persons over three years of age.
1.3 No high chair or high chair conversion kit produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either
by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.16
on Highchairs, Hook-On Chairs and Expandable Gates.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2020Nov. 15, 2021. Published December 2020January 2022. Originally approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 20182020
as F404 – 18a.F404 – 20. DOI: 10.1520/F0404-20.10.1520/F0404-21.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F404 − 21
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 2—This consumer safety specification includes the following sections:
Title Section
Scope 1
Referenced Documents 2
Terminology 3
Calibration and Standardization 4
General Requirements 5
Compliance When Used With 5.3
Conversion Kits
Threaded Fasteners 5.5
Latching or Locking Mechanisms 5.9
Labeling 5.10
Openings 5.11
Toys 5.12
Performance Requirements 6
Protective Components 6.1
Removable Tray or Front Torso Support 6.2
Performance Integrity
Tray or Front Torso Support Performance – 6.3
Pull Test
Static Load 6.4
Stability 6.5
Exposed Coil Springs 6.6
Scissoring, Shearing, and Pinching 6.7
Restraint System 6.8
Passive Crotch Restraint System 6.9
Structural
...