ASTM B163-98a
(Specification)Standard Specification for Seamless Nickel and Nickel Alloy Condenser and Heat-Exchanger Tubes
Standard Specification for Seamless Nickel and Nickel Alloy Condenser and Heat-Exchanger Tubes
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers seamless tubes of nickel and nickel alloys, as shown in Table 1, for use in condenser and heat-exchanger service.
1.2 This specification covers outside diameter and average wall, or outside diameter and minimum wall tube.
1.2.1 The sizes covered by this specification are 3 in. (76.2 mm) and under in outside diameter with minimum wall thicknesses of 0.148 in. (3.76 mm) and under, and with average wall thicknesses of 0.165 in. (4.19 mm) and under.
1.3 Tube shall be furnished in the alloys and conditions as shown in . For small diameter and light wall tube (converter sizes), see Appendix X2.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 12, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: B 163 – 98a An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Seamless Nickel and Nickel Alloy Condenser and Heat-
Exchanger Tubes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 163; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope Determine Conformance with Specifications
E 76 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-Copper
1.1 This specification covers seamless tubes of nickel and
Alloys
nickel alloys, as shown in Table 1, for use in condenser and
E 112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain
heat-exchanger service.
Size
1.2 This specification covers outside diameter and average
E 140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals
wall, or outside diameter and minimum wall tube.
E 1473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel,
1.2.1 The sizes covered by this specification are 3 in. (76.2
Cobalt, and High-Temperature Alloys
mm) and under in outside diameter with minimum wall
2.2 Federal Standards:
thicknesses of 0.148 in. (3.76 mm) and under, and with average
Fed. Std. No. 102 Preservation, Packaging and Packing
wall thicknesses of 0.165 in. (4.19 mm) and under.
Levels
1.3 Tube shall be furnished in the alloys and conditions as
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
shown in Table 2. For small diameter and light wall tube
Fed. Std. No. 182 Continuous Identification Marking of
(converter sizes), see Appendix X2.
Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloys
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
2.3 Military Standard:
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
information only.
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
3. Terminology
test method portion, Section 12, of this specification. This
3.1 Definitions:
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
3.1.1 average diameter , n—average of the maximum and
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
minimum outside diameters, as determined at any one cross
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
section of the tube.
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
3.1.2 tube , n—hollow product of round or any other cross
tions prior to use.
section having a continuous periphery.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Ordering Information
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
B 880 Specification for General Requirements for Chemical
requirements that are necessary for the safe and satisfactory
Check Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys and
3 performance of material ordered under this specification.
Cobalt Alloys
4 Examples of such requirements include, but are not limited to,
E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
the following:
E 18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell
4 4.1.1 Alloy (Table 1).
Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
4.1.2 Condition (Temper) Table 3 and Appendixes X1 and
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
X2.
4.1.2.1 If annealed ends for stress relieved tubing are
desired, state length of end to be annealed and whether or not
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-2 on one end or both ends are to be annealed.
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.1.3 Finish.
B02.07 on Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1998. Published January 1999. Originally
published as B 163 – 41 T. Last previous edition B 163 – 98.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
cation SB-163 in Section II of that Code.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B 163
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition,%
Manga- Colum-
Alloy
Molyb- Sulfur, Chro- Alum- Titan- Phos- Zircon- Tung-
A A
Nickel Copper Iron nese, Carbon Silicon Cerium Yttrium Boron Cobalt bium
denum max mium inum ium phorus ium sten
max (Nb)
B
Nickel UNS N02200 99.0 min 0.25 max . 0.40 max 0.35 0.15 max 0.35 0.01 . . . . . . . . . . .
Low-carbon Nickel
B
UNS N02201 99.0 min 0.25 max . 0.40 max 0.35 0.02 max 0.35 0.01 . . . . . . . . . . .
Nickel-copper alloy
B
UNS N04400 63.0 min 28.0 to 34.0 . 2.5 max 2.0 0.3 max 0.5 0.024 . . . . . . . . . . .
Nickel-chromium-iron 14.0 to
B
alloy UNS N06600 72.0 min 0.5 max . 6.0 to 10.0 1.0 0.15 max 0.5 0.015 17.0 . . . . . . . . . .
Nickel-chromium-iron 58.0 to 21.0 to 1.0 to
A
alloy UNS N06601 63.0 1.0 max . remainder 1.0 0.10 0.5 0.015 25.0 1.7 . . . . . . . . .
Nickel-chromium-iron 27.0 to
B
alloy UNS N06690 58.0 min 0.5 max . 7.0 to 11.0 0.5 0.05 max 0.5 0.015 31.0 . . . . . . . . . .
Nickel-chromium-iron 0.15 to 24.0 to 1.8 to 0.1 to 0.020 0.01 to 0.05 to
B
alloy UNS N06025 balance 0.1 max . 8.0 to 11.0 0.15 0.25 0.5 0.010 26.0 2.4 0.2 max . 0.10 0.12 . . . .
Alloy UNS N06045 45.0 min 0.3 max . 21.0 to 25.0 1.0 0.05 to 2.5 to 0.010 26.0 to . . 0.020 0.03 to . . . . . .
0.12 3.0 29.0 max 0.09
Nickel-chromium-iron-
aluminum alloy 0.20 to 24.0 to 2.4 to 0.01 to 0.02 0.01 to 0.01 to
B
UNS N06603 balance 0.5 max . 8.0 to 11.0 15.0 0.40 0.5 max 0.010 26.0 3.0 0.25. max . 0.10 0.15 . . . .
B
Nickel-iron-chromium 35.0 to 0.50 max 2.50 max remainder 1.5 max 0.02 to 1.0 0.03 23.0 to 0.40 . 0.15 to . . . 0.010 3.0 max 0.4 to 2.50
alloy UNS N08120 39.0 0.10 max max 27.0 max 0.30 max 0.9 max
B
Nickel-iron-chromium 30.0 to 0.75 max . 39.5 min 1.5 0.10 max 1.0 0.015 19.0 to 0.15 to 0.15 to . . . . . . . .
alloy UNS N08800 35.0 23.0 0.60 0.60
B
Nickel-iron-chromium 30.0 to 0.75 max . 39.5 min 1.5 0.05 to 1.0 0.015 19.0 to 0.15 to 0.15 to . . . . . . . .
alloy UNS N08810 35.0 0.10 23.0 0.60 0.60
B
Nickel-iron-chromium 30.0 to 0.75 max . 39.5 min 1.5 0.06 to 1.0 0.015 19.0 to 0.15 to 0.15 to . . . . . . . .
C C
alloy UNS N08811 35.0 0.10 23.0 0.60 0.60
B
Nickel-iron-chromium 30.0 to 0.50 max . 39.5 min 1.50 0.10 max 1.00 0.015 19.0 to . 0.75 to . . . . . . . .
alloy UNS N08801 34.0 22.0 1.5
Nickel-iron-chromium-
molybdenum-copper 38.0 to 2.5 to 19.5 to 0.6 to
B
alloy UNS N08825 46.0 1.5 to 3.0 3.5 22.0 min 1.0 0.05 max 0.5 0.03 23.5 0.2 max 1.2 . . . . . . . .
A
Maximum unless range is given.
B
Element shall be determined arithmetically by difference.
C
Alloy UNS N08811: Al + Ti, 0.85 − 1.20.
B 163
TABLE 2 Alloy and Conditions
5. Chemical Composition
Alloy Condition
5.1 The material shall conform to the composition limits
Nickel UNS N02200 and
specified in Table 1.
low-carbon nickel UNS N02201 annealed or stress-relieved
5.2 If a product (check) analysis is performed by the
Nickel-copper alloy UNS N04400 annealed or stress-relieved
purchaser, the material shall conform to the product (check)
Nickel-chromium-iron-aluminum
alloy UNS N06603 annealed
analysis per B 880.
Nickel-chromium-iron-aluminum
alloy UNS N06601 annealed
6. Mechanical Properties and Other Requirements
Nickel-chromium-iron alloy
UNS N06600 annealed
6.1 Mechanical Properties—The material shall conform to
Nickel-chromium-iron alloy
UNS N06690 annealed the mechanical properties specified in Table 3.
Nickel-chromium-iron alloy
6.2 Hardness—When annealed ends are specified for tubing
UNS N06045 annealed
in the stress-relieved condition (see Table 3), the hardness of
Nickel-iron-chromium alloy
A
UNS N08120 annealed or cold-worked the ends after annealing shall not exceed the values specified in
Nickel-iron-chromium alloy
Table 3.
A
UNS N08800 annealed or cold-worked
6.3 Flare—A flare test shall be made on one end of each
Nickel-iron-chromium alloy
A
UNS N08810 annealed
random length tube after final heat treatment. In the case of
Nickel-iron-chromium alloy
stress-relieved tubing with annealed ends, the test shall be
A
UNS N08811 annealed
made prior to, or subsequent to, annealing of the ends, at the
Nickel-iron-chromium alloy
UNS N08801 annealed
option of the manufacturer.
Nickel-iron-chromium-molybdenum-
6.3.1 The flare test shall consist of flaring a test specimen
copper alloy UNS N08825 annealed
with an expanding tool having an included angle of 60° until
Nickel-chromium-iron alloy
UNS N06025 annealed
the specified outside diameter has been increased by 30 %. The
A
Alloy UNS N08800 is normally employed in service temperatures up to and
flared specimen shall not exhibit cracking through the wall.
including 1100°F (593°C). Alloys UNS N08810, UNS N08811, and UNS N08120
6.4 Grain Size—A transverse sample representing full-wall
are normally employed in service temperatures above 1100°F (539°C) where
thickness of annealed alloys UNS N08120, UNS N08810 and
resistance to creep and rupture is required, and it is annealed to develop controlled
grain size for optimum properties in this temperature range.
UNS N08811 shall conform to an average grain size of ASTM
No. 5 or coarser.
6.5 Hydrostatic Test:
4.1.4 Dimensions—Outside diameter, minimum or average
6.5.1 Each tube with an outside diameter ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm)
wall thickness (in inches, not gage number), and length.
and larger and tubes with wall thickness of 0.015 in. (0.38 mm)
4.1.5 Fabrication Operations:
and over shall be tested by the manufacturer to an internal
4.1.5.1 Cold Bending or Coiling.
hydrostatic pressure of 1000 psi (6.9 MPa) provided that the
4.1.5.2 Packing.
fiber stress calculated in accordance with the following equa-
4.1.5.3 Rolling or Expanding into Tube Sheets.
tion does not exceed the allowable fiber stress, S, indicated
4.1.5.4 Welding or Brazing—Process to be employed.
below. The tube shall show no evidence of leakage.
4.1.5.5 Pressure Requirements—If other than required by
P 5 2St/D
6.5.
4.1.5.6 Ends—Plain ends cut and deburred will be fur-
where:
nished.
P = hydrostatic test pressure, psi (MPa),
4.1.6 Supplementary Requirements—State nature and de- S = allowable fiber stress for material in the condition
tails.
furnished, as follows:
4.1.7 Certification—State if certification is required (Sec- t = minimum wall thickness, in. (mm); equal to the
tion 15). specified average wall minus the permissible“ minus”
4.1.8 Samples for Product (Check) Analysis—Whether wall tolerance, Table 4 and Table X2.2, or the specified
samples for product (check) analysis shall be furnished. minimum wall thickness, and
D = outside diameter of the tube, in. (mm).
4.1.9 Purchaser Inspection—If purchaser wishes to witness
6.5.2 When so agreed upon between the manufacturer and
tests or inspection of material at place of manufacture, the
purchase order must so state indicating which tests or inspec- the purchaser, tube may be tested to 1 ⁄2times the above
allowable fiber stress.
tions are to be witnessed (Section 13).
4.1.10 Small-Diameter and Light-Wall Tube (Converter 6.5.3 When stress-relieved tubes with annealed ends are to
Sizes)—See Appendix X2. be tested hydrostatically, such pressure testing shall be done
B 163
TABLE 3 Mechanical Properties of Tubes
Yield Strength Elongation in 2 in. Rockwell Hardness
Tensile Strength,
Material and Condition (0.2 % Offset), or 50 mm (or 4 D) min, (or equivalent) for
min, ksi (MPa)
A
min, psi (MPa) % annealed ends
NickelUNS N02200:
Annealed 55 (379) 15 (103) 40 .
Stress-relieved 65 (448) 40 (276) 15 B65 max
Low-carbon nickelUNS N02201:
Annealed 50 (345) 12 (83) 40 .
Stress-relieved 60 (414) 30 (207) 15 B62 max
Nickel-copper alloyUNS N04400:
Annealed 70 (483) 28 (193) 35 .
Stress-relieved 85 (586) 55 (379) 15 B75 max
Nickel-chromium-iron alloys:
Annealed alloy UNS N06600 80 (552) 35 (241) 30 .
Annealed alloy UNS N06601 80 (552) 30 (207) 30 .
Annealed alloy UNS N06690 85 (586) 35 (241) 30 .
Annealed alloy UNS N06045 90 (620) 35 (240) 35 .
Annealed alloy UNS N06025 98 (680) 39 (270) 30 .
Annealed alloy UNS N06603 94 (650) 43 (300) 25 .
Nickel-iron-chromium alloys:
Annealed alloy UNS N08120 90 (620) 40 (276) 30 .
Annealed alloy UNS N08800 75 (517) 30 (207) 30 .
Annealed alloy UNS N08801 65 (448) 25 (172) 30 .
Cold-worked alloy UNS N08800 83 (572) 47 (324) 30 .
Annealed alloy UNS N08810 65 (448) 25 (172) 30 .
Annealed alloy UNS N08811 65 (448) 25 (172) 30 .
Nickel-iron-chromium-molybdenum-copper-
alloy:
Annealed UNS N08825 85 (586) 35 (241) 30 .
A
Rockwell or equivalent hardness values apply only to the annealed ends of stress-relieved tubing. Caution should be observed in using the Rockwell test on thin
material, as the results may be affected by the thickness of specimen. For thickness under 0.050 in. (1.27 mm) the use of the Rockwell superficial or the Vickers hardness
test is suggested. For hardness conversions for nickel and high-nickel alloys see Hardness Conversion Tables E140.
TABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter and Wall Thickness of Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tubes
NOTE 1—The tolerances in the table apply to individual measurements of outside diameter and include out-of-roundness (ovality), and apply to all
materials and all conditions, except that for thin wall tubes having a nominal wall of 3 % or less of the outside diameter, the mean outside diameter shall
comply with the permissible variations of the above table and individual measurements (including ovality) shall conform to the plus and minus values
of the table with the values increased by ⁄2 % of the nominal outside diameter.
NOTE 2—Eccentricity—The variation in wall thickness in any one cross section of any one tube shall not exceed plus or minus 10 % of the actual
(measured) average wall of that section. The actual average wall is defined as the average of the thickest and thinnest wall of that section.
NOTE 3—For tolerances of small diameter and light wall tube (converter sizes) see Appendix X2 (Table X2.2).
A
Permissible Variations
Outside Diameter, in. (mm
...
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