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ASTM D5149-02(2016)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Ozone in the Atmosphere: Continuous Measurement by Ethylene Chemiluminescence

Standard Test Method for Ozone in the Atmosphere: Continuous Measurement by Ethylene Chemiluminescence

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Air quality standards for ozone have been promulgated by government authorities to protect the health and welfare of the public. Though ozone itself is a toxic material, it is often complex organic compounds that cause the symptoms of smog  such as tearing and burning eyes. However, ozone is the predominant oxidant and is much more easily monitored than organic species. Since ozone concentrations are also correlated with other photochemical oxidant levels, it is the substance that is specified in air quality standards and regulations.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the sampling and continuous analysis of the ozone content of the atmosphere at concentrations of 20 to 2000 μg of ozone/m3 (10 ppb (v) to 1 ppm (v)).  
1.2 This test method is limited in application by its sensitivity to interferences as described below. This test method is not suitable for personal sampling because of instrument size and sensitivity to vibration and ambient temperature.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific precautionary statements are presented in Section 8.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Sep-2016
ICS
13.040.20 - Ambient atmospheres
Technical Committee
D22 - Air Quality
Drafting Committee
D22.03 - Ambient Atmospheres and Source Emissions
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D1356-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
Effective Date
15-Mar-2020
Refers
ASTM D1356-14b - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
Effective Date
01-Dec-2014
Refers
ASTM D1356-15 - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
Effective Date
01-Jul-2015
Refers
ASTM D1356-15a - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
Effective Date
15-Oct-2015
Refers
ASTM D5011-17 - Standard Practices for Calibration of Ozone Monitors Using Transfer Standards
Effective Date
01-Oct-2017
Refers
ASTM D1357-95(2019) - Standard Practice for Planning the Sampling of the Ambient Atmosphere
Effective Date
01-Aug-2019
Refers
ASTM D3249-95(2019) - Standard Practice for General Ambient Air Analyzer Procedures
Effective Date
01-Oct-2019
Refers
ASTM D1356-20a - Standard Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
Effective Date
01-Sep-2020
Referred By
ASTM D6399-18 - Standard Guide for Selecting Instruments and Methods for Measuring Air Quality in Aircraft Cabins
Effective Date
01-Oct-2016

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ASTM D5149-02(2016) - Standard Test Method for Ozone in the Atmosphere: Continuous Measurement by Ethylene ChemiluminescenceASTM D5149-02(2016) - Standard Test Method for Ozone in the Atmosphere: Continuous Measurement by Ethylene Chemiluminescence
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ASTM D5149-02(2016) - Standard Test Method for Ozone in the Atmosphere: Continuous Measurement by Ethylene Chemiluminescence
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5149 − 02 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Ozone in the Atmosphere: Continuous Measurement by
1
Ethylene Chemiluminescence
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5149; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Practice for Use of the International
System of Units (SI) (the Modernized Metric System)
1.1 This test method describes the sampling and continuous
3
analysis of the ozone content of the atmosphere at concentra- 2.2 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Standards:
3
tions of 20 to 2000 µg of ozone/m (10 ppb (v) to 1 ppm (v)). EPA-600/4-79-056 Transfer Standards for Calibration ofAir
Monitoring Analyzers for Ozone (NTIS: PB80146871)
1.2 This test method is limited in application by its sensi-
EPA-600/4-79-057 Technical Assistance Document for the
tivity to interferences as described below. This test method is
Calibration of Ozone Monitors (NTIS: PB80149552)
not suitable for personal sampling because of instrument size
EPA-600/4-80-050 Evaluation of Ozone Calibration Tech-
and sensitivity to vibration and ambient temperature.
niques (NTIS: PB81118911)
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
EPA-600/4-83-003 Performance Test Results and Compara-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tive Data for Designated Reference and Equivalent Meth-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ods for Ozone (NTIS: PB83166686)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3
2.3 Code of Federal Regulations:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific
40-CFR-Part 53.20
precautionary statements are presented in Section 8.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents
2
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
2.1 ASTM Standards:
method, refer to Terminology D1356 and Practice D1914.An
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
explanation of units, symbols and conversion factors may be
Atmospheres
found in Practice IEEE/ASTM SI-10.
D1357 Practice for Planning the Sampling of the Ambient
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Atmosphere
3.2.1 absolute ultra-violet photometer—a photometer
D1914 PracticeforConversionUnitsandFactorsRelatingto
whose design, construction and maintenance is such that it can
Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
measure the absorbance caused by ozone mixtures without
D3249 Practice for General Ambient Air Analyzer Proce-
reference to external absorption standards. Given a value for
dures
the absorption coefficient of ozone at 253.7 nm and a reading
D3670 Guide for Determination of Precision and Bias of
from the absolute ultraviolet photometer, ozone concentrations
Methods of Committee D22
can be calculated with accuracy. Measurements by an absolute
D5011 Practices for Calibration of Ozone Monitors Using
ultraviolet photometer should be made on prepared ozone
Transfer Standards
mixtures free from interferences.
D5110 Practice for Calibration of Ozone Monitors and
Certification of OzoneTransfer Standards Using Ultravio-
3.2.2 primary standard—a standard directly defined and
let Photometry
established by some authority, against which all secondary
standards are compared.
3.2.3 secondary standard—a standard used as a means of
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air
comparison, but checked against a primary standard.
Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient
Atmospheres and Source Emissions.
3.2.4 standard—an accepted reference sample or device
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originally
used for establishing measurement of a physical quantity.
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D5149 – 02 (2008).
DOI: 10.1520/D5149-02R16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port
the ASTM website. Royal Rd., Springfield, VA 22161, http://www.ntis.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5149 − 02 (2016)
3.2.5 transfer standard—a type of secondary standard.
...

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1.2 The opacity of emissions is determined by the application of a Digital Camera Opacity Technique (DCOT) that consists of a Digital Still Camera, Analysis Software, and the Output Function’s content to obtain and interpret digital images to determine and report plume opacity.  
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Standard Practice for Choosing Sorbents, Sampling Parameters and Thermal Desorption Analytical Conditions for Monitoring Volatile Organic Chemicals in Air

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is recommended for use in measuring the concentration of VOCs in ambient, indoor, and workplace atmospheres. It may also be used for measuring emissions from materials in small or full scale environmental chambers for material emission testing or human exposure assessment.  
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1.5.1 With pumped sampling, this practice can be used for the speciated measurement of airborne vapors of VOCs in a concentration range of approximately 0.1 μg/m3 to 1 g/m3, for individual organic compounds in 1 L to 10 L air samples. Quantitative measurements are possible when using validated procedures with appropri...

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5.1 This practice establishes standardized tests for the performance evaluation of sensor-based continuous instruments for ambient air quality measurements. Public and private air monitoring interests have manifested themselves as a driving force for the deployment of air quality sensors and instruments to quantify air pollutant concentrations in communities, around schools, around industrial facilities, and elsewhere. Users of air quality sensors require information on the performance and limitations of these devices so that informed decisions regarding their suitability for various purposes can be determined. This practice describes both laboratory and field tests that provide information on candidate instrument repeatability, sensitivity, linearity, cross-interferences, drift and comparability with more costly instruments typically used by entities such as government agencies. The air quality sensors are first evaluated in a laboratory chamber by comparing their response to a reference instrument and challenging the gas sensors with interferents. The sensors are then deployed outdoors for field testing at two sites with different climates against reference air quality instruments. This practice is intended to be referenced in standards and codes that establish minimum performance quality for sensor-based ambient outdoor air monitoring.  
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1.3 The evaluation procedures contained in this practice are for sensors that alone or in combination measure outdoor criteria pollutants in ambient air: particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), or nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at concentrations that are relevant to public health.  
1.4 Testing is to be performed by a competent entity able to demonstrate that it operates in conformity with internationally accepted test laboratory quality standards such as ISO/IEC 17025.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D1914-95(2022)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Conversion Units and Factors Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres

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3.1 ASTM requires the use of SI units in all its publications and their use in reporting atmospheric measurement data. However, there are historic data and even data currently reported that are based on a variety of units of measurement. This practice tabulates factors that are necessary to convert such data to SI and other units of measurement.  
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3.3 The values reported here were obtained from a number of standard publications. They were adjusted to five figures and organized in a rational order. All values reflect the latest information from the 16th General Conference on Weights and Measurements held in 1979.  
3.4 The factors in Table 1 are provided to change units of measurement from one system to related units in other systems, as well as to smaller or larger units in the same system.  
3.5 Values of units in the left column may be converted to values of units in the right column merely by multiplying by the conversion factor provided in the center column.  (A) For specific applications and exceptions, see Terminology D1356.
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1.1 This practice provides units and factors useful for members of the air pollution and meteorological communities.  
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ASTM D2914-15(2022)(Test Method)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sulfur dioxide is a major air pollutant, commonly formed by the combustion of sulfur-bearing fuels. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set primary and secondary air quality standards (7) that are designed to protect the public health and welfare.  
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1.1 These test methods cover the bubbler collection and colorimetric determination of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the ambient or workplace atmosphere.  
1.2 These test methods are applicable for determining SO2 over the range from approximately 25 μg/m3 (0.01 ppm(v)) to 1000 μg/m3 (0.4 ppm(v)), corresponding to a solution concentration of 0.03 μg SO2/mL to 1.3 μg SO2/mL. Beer's law is followed through the working analytical range from 0.02 μg SO2/mL to 1.4 μg SO2/mL.  
1.3 The lower limit of detection is 0.075 μg SO2/mL (1),2 representing an air concentration of 25 μg SO2/m3 (0.01 ppm(v)) in a 30-min sample, or 13 μg SO2/m3 (0.005 ppm(v)) in a 24-h sample.  
1.4 These test methods incorporate sampling for periods between 30 min and 24 h.  
1.5 These test methods describe the determination of the collected (impinged) samples. A Method A and a Method B are described.  
1.6 Method A is preferred over Method B, as it gives the higher sensitivity, but it has a higher blank. Manual Method B is pH-dependent, but is more suitable with spectrometers having a spectral band width greater than 20 nm.
Note 1: These test methods are applicable at concentrations below 25 μg/m3 by sampling larger volumes of air if the absorption efficiency of the particular system is first determined, as described in Annex A4.
Note 2: Concentrations higher than 1000 μg/m3 can be determined by using smaller gas volumes, larger collection volumes, or by suitable dilution of the collected sample with absorbing solution prior to analysis.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 8.3.1, Section 9, and A3.1.3.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4323-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Sulfide in the Atmosphere by Rate of Change of Reflectance

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Hydrogen sulfide is an odorous substance which is offensive even at low concentrations in the atmosphere and toxic at higher levels. It may be a product of biological processes in the absence of oxygen, as may occur in municipal landfills. It is emitted from geothermal sources, occurs in oil and gas, and may be emitted from industrial processes. Measurement is required for air pollution studies, for pollution control, environmental justice based monitoring, and for plume characterization. This test method is intended for hydrogen sulfide content up to 3000 ppbv. Measurement of hydrogen sulfide above this concentration in gaseous fuels, carbon dioxide or other gaseous matrices is described in Test Method D4084. Equipment described is suitable for fixed site or for mobile monitoring.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the automatic continuous determination of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the atmosphere or in gaseous samples in the range from one part per billion by volume (1 ppb/v) to 3000 ppb/v. Information obtained may be used for air-pollution studies, fence-line monitoring, and other source emission monitoring.  
1.2 The range may be extended by appropriate dilution techniques or by equipment modification.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See Section 9 for specific safety precautionary statements.)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D3162-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Carbon Monoxide in the Atmosphere (Continuous Measurement by Nondispersive Infrared Spectrometry)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Determination of carbon monoxide is essential to evaluation of many air pollution concerns and pollution control strategies. This test method derives significance from providing such determination.  
5.2 Carbon monoxide is formed in the process of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, and is a constituent of the exhaust of gasoline engines. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set primary and secondary air quality standards for CO that are designed to protect the public health and welfare (3, 4).  
5.3 This test method is suitable for measurements appropriate for the purposes noted in 5.1 and 5.2.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of the carbon monoxide (CO) concentration of the atmosphere between 0.6 mg/m3 (0.5 ppm(v)) and 115 mg/m3 (100 ppm(v)). The measuring principle is based on the absorption of infrared radiation by CO in the 4.7 μm region (1).2  
1.2 The test method has a limit of detection of about 0.6 mg/m3 (0.5 ppm(v)) carbon monoxide in air.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values and units in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 9 for additional precautions.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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