ASTM D5001-08

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation Turbine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Wear due to excessive friction resulting in shortened life of engine components such as fuel pumps and fuel controls has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in an aviation fuel.
The relationship of test results to aviation fuel system component distress due to wear has been demonstrated for some fuel/hardware combinations where boundary lubrication is a factor in the operation of the component.
The wear scar generated in the ball-on-cylinder lubricity evaluator (BOCLE) test is sensitive to contamination of the fluids and test materials, the presence of oxygen and water in the atmosphere, and the temperature of the test. Lubricity measurements are also sensitive to trace materials acquired during sampling and storage. Containers specified in Practice D 4306 shall be used.
The BOCLE test method may not directly reflect operating conditions of engine hardware. For example, some fuels that contain a high content of certain sulfur compounds can give anomalous test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels on rubbing steel surfaces.
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully automated instrument. Either of the two instruments may be used to carry out the test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2008
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.J0.04 - Additives and Electrical Properties

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D5001-10 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation Turbine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE)
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:D5001–08
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation Turbine Fuels by the
1
Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5001; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* AISI E-52100 Chromium Alloy Steel
5
2.4 American National Standards Institute Standard:
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects
ANSI B3.12 Metal Balls
of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels
6
2.5 Society of Automotive Engineers Standard:
on rubbing steel surfaces.
SAE 8720 Steel
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one
using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully
3. Terminology
automated instrument. Either of the two instruments may be
3.1 Definitions:
used to carry out the test.
3.1.1 lubricity—qualitative term describing the ability of a
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
fluid to minimize friction between, and damage to, surfaces in
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
relative motion under load.
standard.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method, the lubricity of a
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety
fluid is defined in terms of a wear scar, in millimeters,
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
produced on a loaded stationary ball from contact with a
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
fluid-wetted rotating cylindrical test ring operating under
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
closely defined and controlled conditions.
limitations prior to use.
3.1.2 wear scar—in the liquid fuels industry, average diam-
2. Referenced Documents eter of a worn and abraded area, measured in two specified
2
directions, produced on a test ball under defined conditions.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The wear scar generated by Test
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
Method D5001 is often referred to as the BOCLE wear scar.
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
3.2 Abbreviations:
D6708 PracticeforStatisticalAssessmentandImprovement
3.2.1 BOCLE—Ball On Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
3.2.2 HRC—Rockwell Hardness “C” scale.
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
3
3.2.3 WSD—Wear Scar Diameter
2.2 Military Specification:
MIL-I-25017 Inhibitor, Corrosion/Lubricity Improver, Fuel
4. Summary of Test Method
Soluble
4 4.1 The fluid under test is placed in a test reservoir in which
2.3 American Iron and Steel Institute Standard:
atmospheric air is maintained at 10 % relative humidity. A
non-rotatingsteelballisheldinaverticallymountedchuckand
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
forced against the outside diameter of an axially mounted
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
cylindrical steel ring with an applied load. The test ring is
D02.J0.04 on Additives and Electrical Properties.
rotated at a fixed speed while being partially immersed in the
CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2008.PublishedJuly2008.Originallyapproved
in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5001–06. DOI: 10.1520/
fluid reservoir. This maintains the ring in a wet condition and
D5001-08.
continuously transports the test fluid to the ball/ring interface.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
The wear scar generated on the test ball is a measure of the
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
5
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:// Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
www.dodssp.daps.mil. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4 6
Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 1140 Connecticut Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
Ave., NW, Suite 705, Washington, DC 20036, http://www.steel.org. Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D5001–08
TABLE 1 Standard Operating Conditions
7. Reagent
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D5001–06 Designation:D5001–08
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation Turbine Fuels by the
1
Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5001; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels on
rubbing steel surfaces.
1.2
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully automated
instrument. Either of the two instruments may be used to carry out the test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use. Specific warning statements are given in Section 7 and Annex A1.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 4306Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination Practice for Aviation Fuel
Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
D 6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement of ExpectedAgreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
2.2 Military Specification:
3
MIL-I-25017,Inhibitor, Corrosion/Lubricity Improver, Fuel Soluble
MIL-I-25017 Inhibitor, Corrosion/Lubricity Improver, Fuel Soluble
2.3 American Iron and Steel Institute Standard:
4
AISI E-52100Chromium Alloy Steel
AISI E-52100 Chromium Alloy Steel
2.4 American National Standards Institute Standard:
ANSI B3.12,Metal Balls
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.J0.04
on Additives and Electrical Properties.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2006. Published February 2007. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D5001–03.
This test method was developed by the Coordinating Research Council and is a part of their report No. 560.
Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D 5001–06.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://www.dodssp.daps.mil.
4
Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 1101 17th St., NW, Suite 1300, Washington, DC 20036.
4
Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 1140 Connecticut Ave., NW, Suite 705, Washington, DC 20036, http://www.steel.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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D5001–08
5
ANSI B3.12 Metal Balls
6
2.5 Society of Automotive Engineers Standard:
SAE 8720 Steel
3. Terminology
3.1Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 cylinder—the test ring and mandrel assembly.
3.1.2lubricity—a general term used to describe the boundary lubrication properties of a fluid. In this test method, the lubricity
ofafluidisdefinedintermsofawearscar,inmillimetres,producedonastationaryballfromcontactwiththefluid-wettedrotating
cylinder operating under closely defined and controlled conditions. —qualitative term describing the ability of a fluid to minimize
friction between, and damage to, surfaces in relative motion under load.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method, the lubricity of a fluid is defined in terms of a wear scar, in millimeters, produced on
aloadedstationaryballfromcontactwithafluid-wettedrotatingcylindricaltestringoperatingundercloselydefinedandcontrolled
conditions.
3.
...