ASTM E1606-09
(Practice)Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Copper Redraw Rod for Electrical Purposes
Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Copper Redraw Rod for Electrical Purposes
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Eddy-current examination is a nondestructive method of locating surface discontinuities in a product. Signals can be produced by discontinuities located on the surface of the rod. Since the density of eddy-currents decreases nearly exponentially as the distance from the surface increases, deep-seated defects may be undetected.
Some indications obtained by this practice may not be relevant to product quality. For example, a signal may be caused by minute flaws or irregularities, by anomalies in the material, or by other factors such as operator error, or a combination thereof, that are not detrimental to the end use of the product. Nonrelevant indications can mask unacceptable discontinuities. On the other hand, relevant indications are those that may result from nonacceptable discontinuities and should be determined by agreement between the user and the supplier. Any indication that is believed to be irrelevant shall be regarded as unacceptable until it is demonstrated by reexamination or other means to be nonrelevant.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures that shall be followed in electromagnetic (eddy-current) examination of copper redraw rods for detecting discontinuities or imperfections of a severity likely to cause failure or markedly impair surface quality of the rod. These procedures are applicable for continuous lengths of redraw rod in diameters from ¼ to 13/8 in. (6.4 to 35 mm) suitable for further fabrication into electrical conductors.
1.2 This practice covers redraw rod made from tough-pitch or oxygen-free coppers.
1.3 The procedures described in this practice are based on methods for making use of stationary encircling annular test coil systems.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E1606 − 09
StandardPractice for
Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Copper
1
Redraw Rod for Electrical Purposes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 ASNT Standards:
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualifi-
1.1 This practice covers the procedures that shall be fol-
3
cation and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
lowedinelectromagnetic(eddy-current)examinationofcopper
ANSI/ASNT-CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certifi-
redraw rods for detecting discontinuities or imperfections of a
3
cation of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
severity likely to cause failure or markedly impair surface
2.3 AIA Standard:
quality of the rod. These procedures are applicable for con-
NAS 410 Certification and Qualification of Nondestructive
1 3
tinuous lengths of redraw rod in diameters from ⁄4 to 1 ⁄8 in.
4
Testing Personnel
(6.4 to 35 mm) suitable for further fabrication into electrical
conductors.
3. Terminology
1.2 This practice covers redraw rod made from tough-pitch
3.1 Standard terminology relating to electromagnetic ex-
or oxygen-free coppers.
amination may be found in Terminology E1316, Section C:
Electromagnetic Testing.
1.3 The procedures described in this practice are based on
methods for making use of stationary encircling annular test
4. Summary of Practice
coil systems.
4.1 Examination is performed by passing the rod lengthwise
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
through a coil energized with alternating current at a fixed
asthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesaremathemati-
frequency. The electrical impedance of the coil is affected by
cal conversions to SI units that are provided for information
rod vibrations, rod dimensions, electrical conductivity of the
only and are not considered standard.
rodmaterial,andmetallurgicalormechanicaldiscontinuitiesin
the rod surface. During passage of the rod, the changes in
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
impedance caused by these variables in the rod produce
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
electrical signals that are processed so as to actuate an audio,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
visual, or electrical signaling device or mechanical marker that
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
produces a record.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 Eddy-current examination is a nondestructive method of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
locating surface discontinuities in a product. Signals can be
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive
produced by discontinuities located on the surface of the rod.
Testing
Since the density of eddy-currents decreases nearly exponen-
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
tially as the distance from the surface increases, deep-seated
defects may be undetected.
5.2 Some indications obtained by this practice may not be
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
relevant to product quality. For example, a signal may be
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.07 on
caused by minute flaws or irregularities, by anomalies in the
Electromagnetic Method.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2009.PublishedJuly2009.Originallyapproved
ε1
in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E1606 - 99(2004) . DOI:
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10.1520/E1606-09. AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available fromAerospace IndustriesAssociation ofAmerica, Inc. (AIA), 1000
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on WilsonBlvd.,Suite1700,Arlington,VA22209-3928,http://www.aia-aerospace.org.
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E1606 − 09
material, or by other factors such as operator error, or a center of the test coil. A constant speed (65.0 % of the actual
combination thereof, that are not detrimental to the end use of rod speed) shall be maintained.
the product. Nonrelevant indications can mask unacceptable
discontinuities. On the other hand, relevant indications are 8. S
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:E1606–99 (Reapproved 2004) Designation:E1606–09
Standard Practice for
Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Copper
1
Redraw Rod for Electrical Purposes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Editorial changes were made to provide consistent terminology, where applicable in May 2004.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the procedures that shall be followed in electromagnetic (eddy-current) examination of copper redraw
rods for detecting discontinuities or imperfections of a severity likely to cause failure or markedly impair surface quality of the
1 3
rod. These procedures are applicable for continuous lengths of redraw rod in diameters from ⁄4 to 1 ⁄8 in. [6.4(6.4 to 35 mm]mm)
suitable for further fabrication into electrical conductors.
1.2 This practice covers redraw rod made from tough-pitch or oxygen-free coppers.
1.3 The procedures described in this practice are based on methods for making use of stationary encircling annular test coil
systems.
1.4The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI equivalents of inch-pound units may be
approximate.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 543 PracticeSpecification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
E 1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
2.2 ASNT Standards:
3
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
3
ANSI/ASNT-CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
2.3 AIA Standard:
4
NAS 410 Certification and Qualification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
3. Terminology
3.1Definitions—Standard3.1 Standard terminology relating to electromagnetic (eddy-current) examination may be found in
Terminology E 1316, Section C,C: Electromagnetic Testing.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Examination is performed by passing the rod lengthwise through a coil energized with alternating current at a fixed
frequency. The electrical impedance of the coil is affected by rod vibrations, rod dimensions, electrical conductivity of the rod
material, and metallurgical or mechanical discontinuities in the rod surface. During passage of the rod, the changes in impedance
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.07 on Electromagnetic
Method.
Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originally approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as E1606-99.
´1
Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E 1606 - 99(2004) .
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from The American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
4
Available from the Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc., 1250 Eye Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.
4
Available from Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc. (AIA), 1000 Wilson Blvd., Suite 1700, Arlington, VA 22209-3928, http://www.aia-aerospace.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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E1606–09
caused by these variables in the rod produce electrical signals that are processed so as to actuate an audio, visual, or electrical
signaling device or mechanical marker that produces a record
...
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