ASTM E1606-20
(Practice)Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examination of Copper and Aluminum Redraw Rod for Electrical Purposes
Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examination of Copper and Aluminum Redraw Rod for Electrical Purposes
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Eddy current instrumentation provides timely and useful information regarding the acceptability of copper and aluminum rod for quality control purposes, as well as providing for early warning that unacceptable rod is being produced. Eddy current testing is a nondestructive method of locating surface discontinuities in a product. Signals can be produced by discontinuities located on the surface of the rod. Since the density of eddy currents decreases nearly exponentially as the distance from the surface increases, deep-seated defects may be undetected.
5.1.1 An exception is the detection of subsurface ferromagnetic inclusions with an additional, or shared, winding enveloped in a DC magnetic field and the addition of appropriate instrumentation. The coil winding, acting as a transducer, generates a voltage as the magnetized inclusion passes through, providing an electrical signal separate from the eddy current response to surface imperfections. The rod is transparent to the DC effect allowing high sensitivity to ferromagnetic inclusions, in the absence of eddy current noise. The method is inherently speed sensitive but is enhanced by high throughput speeds enabling the detection of small subsurface ferromagnetic inclusions which are particularly detrimental to rod quality.
5.2 Some indications obtained by this practice may not be relevant to product quality. For example, a signal may be caused by minute flaws or irregularities, by anomalies in the material, or a combination thereof, that are not detrimental to the end use of the product. Nonrelevant indications, referred to as “noise,” can mask unacceptable discontinuities. On the other hand, relevant indications are those that may result from unacceptable discontinuities and should be determined by agreement between the user and the supplier. Any indication that is believed to be irrelevant shall be regarded as unacceptable until it is demonstrated by reexamination or other means to be nonrelevant.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures that shall be followed in electromagnetic (eddy current) examination of copper and aluminum redraw rods for detecting discontinuities or imperfections of a severity likely to cause failure or markedly impair surface quality of the rod. These procedures are applicable for continuous lengths of redraw rod in diameters from 1/4 to 13/8 in. (6.4 to 35 mm) suitable for further fabrication into electrical conductors.
1.2 This practice covers redraw rod made from tough-pitch or oxygen-free coppers. It can also be used for other types of copper, such as fire-refined high conductivity rod. It is also appropriate for aluminum and other nonferrous alloys used for electrical purposes.
1.3 The procedures described in this practice are based on methods for making use of differential or absolute stationary encircling annular test coil systems.
1.4 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria. Acceptance criteria must be established by the using parties.
1.5 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1606 − 20
Standard Practice for
Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examination of Copper and
1
Aluminum Redraw Rod for Electrical Purposes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This practice covers the procedures that shall be fol- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
lowed in electromagnetic (eddy current) examination of copper E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive
and aluminum redraw rods for detecting discontinuities or Testing
imperfections of a severity likely to cause failure or markedly E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
impair surface quality of the rod. These procedures are E2884 Guide for Eddy Current Testing of Electrically Con-
applicable for continuous lengths of redraw rod in diameters ducting Materials Using Conformable Sensor Arrays
3
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from ⁄4to1 ⁄8in.(6.4to35mm)suitableforfurtherfabrication
2.2 ASNT Documents:
into electrical conductors. SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualifi-
cation and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
1.2 This practice covers redraw rod made from tough-pitch
ANSI/ASNT-CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certifi-
or oxygen-free coppers. It can also be used for other types of
cation of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
copper, such as fire-refined high conductivity rod. It is also
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2.3 AIA Standard:
appropriate for aluminum and other nonferrous alloys used for
NAS 410 Certification and Qualification of Nondestructive
electrical purposes.
Testing Personnel
1.3 The procedures described in this practice are based on
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2.4 ISO Standard:
methods for making use of differential or absolute stationary
ISO 9712 Non-Destructive Testing—Qualification and Cer-
encircling annular test coil systems.
tification of NDT Personnel
1.4 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria.
3. Terminology
Acceptance criteria must be established by the using parties.
3.1 Standardterminologyrelatingtoelectromagnetictesting
1.5 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
may be found in Terminology E1316, Section C: Electromag-
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
netic Testing.
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
information only and are not considered standard.
4. Summary of Practice
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 The examination is performed by passing the rod
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
lengthwise through a differential or absolute coil, or both,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
energized with alternating current at a fixed frequency. The
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
electrical impedance of the test coil is affected by rod
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
vibrations, rod dimensions, electrical conductivity of the rod
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
material, and metallurgical or mechanical discontinuities in the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
the ASTM website.
3
AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box
28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
1 4
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde- Available fromAerospace IndustriesAssociation ofAmerica, Inc. (AIA), 1000
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.07 on WilsonBlvd.,Suite1700,Arlington,VA22209-3928,http://www.aia-aerospace.org.
Electromagnetic Method.
5
Current edition approved June 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E1606 – 15. DOI: Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,
10.1520/E1606-20. Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
*A Summary of Changes
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1606 − 15 E1606 − 20
Standard Practice for
Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examination of Copper and
1
Aluminum Redraw Rod for Electrical Purposes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1606; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers the procedures that shall be followed in electromagnetic (eddy current) examination of copper and
aluminum redraw rods for detecting discontinuities or imperfections of a severity likely to cause failure or markedly impair surface
1 3
quality of the rod. These procedures are applicable for continuous lengths of redraw rod in diameters from ⁄4 to 1 ⁄8 in. (6.4 to
35 mm) suitable for further fabrication into electrical conductors.
1.2 This practice covers redraw rod made from tough-pitch or oxygen-free coppers. It can also be used for other types of copper,
such as fire-refined high conductivity rod. It is also appropriate for aluminum and other nonferrous alloys used for electrical
purposes.
1.3 The procedures described in this practice are based on methods for making use of differential or absolute stationary
encircling annular test coil systems.
1.4 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria. Acceptance criteria must be established by the using parties.
1.5 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
E1033 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examination of Type F-Continuously Welded (CW) Ferromagnetic Pipe and
3
Tubing Above the Curie Temperature (Withdrawn 2019)
E2884 Guide for Eddy Current Testing of Electrically Conducting Materials Using Conformable Sensor Arrays
3
2.2 ASNT Documents:
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
ANSI/ASNT-CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
4
2.3 AIA Standard:
NAS 410 Certification and Qualification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.07 on Electromagnetic
Method.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015June 1, 2020. Published January 2016June 2020. Originally approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 20092015 as
E1606 - 09.E1606 – 15. DOI: 10.1520/E1606-15.10.1520/E1606-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
4
Available from Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc. (AIA), 1000 Wilson Blvd., Suite 1700, Arlington, VA 22209-3928, http://www.aia-aerospace.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E1606 − 20
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2.4 ISO Standard:
ISO 9712 Non-Destructive Testing—Qualification and Certification of NDT Personnel
3. Terminology
3.1 Standard terminology relating to electromagnetic testing may be found in Termin
...
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