ASTM D41/D41M-11(2023)

Standard Specification for Asphalt Primer Used in Roofing, Dampproofing, and Waterproofing

ABSTRACT
This specification covers asphaltic primer suitable for use with asphalt in roofing, dampproofing, and waterproofing below or above ground level, for application to concrete, masonry, metal, and asphalt surfaces. Asphalt primer shall be classified as Type I and Type II. To determine the properties of the asphalt primer, the following test methods shall be performed: furol viscosity; distillation; penetration; and matter soluble in trichloroethylene.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers asphaltic primer suitable for use with asphalt in roofing, dampproofing, and waterproofing below or above ground level, for application to concrete, masonry, metal, and asphalt surfaces.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2023
• ICS: 91.060.20 - Roofs
• Technical Committee: D08 - Roofing and Waterproofing
• Drafting Committee: D08.05 - Solvent-Bearing Bituminous Compounds for Roofing and Waterproofing

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D88/D88M-07(2024) - Standard Test Method for Saybolt Viscosity
• Effective Date: 01-May-2024
• Refers: ASTM D402/D402M-24 - Standard Test Method for Distillation of Cutback Asphalt
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM D5/D5M-19a - Standard Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2019
• Refers: ASTM D88/D88M-07(2019)e1 - Standard Test Method for Saybolt Viscosity
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019
• Refers: ASTM D6511/D6511M-18 - Standard Test Methods for Solvent Bearing Bituminous Compounds
• Effective Date: 01-May-2018
• Refers: ASTM D5/D5M-13 - Standard Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2013
• Refers: ASTM D6511/D6511M-06(2011)e1 - Standard Test Methods for Solvent Bearing Bituminous Compounds
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2011

Overview

ASTM D41/D41M-11(2023) is the internationally recognized Standard Specification for Asphalt Primer Used in Roofing, Dampproofing, and Waterproofing. Created by ASTM International, this standard outlines the requirements for asphaltic primer suited for use with asphalt in a variety of building applications, including above and below ground level installations. The primer is intended for application to substrates such as concrete, masonry, metal, and asphalt surfaces, ensuring optimal adhesion and protection. This standard is developed following WTO’s principles for international standardization and is widely referenced in the construction and waterproofing industries.

Key Topics

ASTM D41/D41M-11(2023) covers several important aspects:

• Primer Classification: Specifies two types of asphalt primer:
  • Type I: Higher solvent-to-asphalt ratio.
  • Type II: Lower solvent-to-asphalt ratio.
• Physical Properties: Includes requirements for:
  • Maximum allowable water content.
  • Saybolt Furol viscosity at 25°C [77°F].
  • Distillation characteristics and residue properties.
  • Penetration value.
  • Matter soluble in trichloroethylene.
• Sampling and Testing:
  • Provides guidelines for representative sampling from shipments.
  • Mandates thorough mixing and handling of samples.
  • Lists applicable ASTM test methods for viscosity, distillation, penetration, and solubility.
• Packaging and Labeling:
  • Requires all packaging to comply with regulations.
  • Packages must clearly indicate the ASTM designation for traceability.
• Unit Systems:
  • Allows use of either SI units or inch-pound units, but not both combined for compliance.

Applications

Asphalt primer specified under ASTM D41/D41M-11(2023) is essential for a range of construction and infrastructure projects:

• Roofing Systems: Used as a preparatory coating for concrete, metal, or masonry before the application of built-up or modified bituminous roofs, improving adhesion and performance.
• Dampproofing: Serves as a protective layer to minimize moisture penetration through walls and below-grade structures.
• Waterproofing: Critical in waterproofing applications for foundations, basements, tunnels, bridges, and other environments where moisture control is crucial.
• Surface Preparation: Enhances the bond between asphaltic materials and various substrates, supporting longevity and durability of the protective layer.

By adhering to this standard, professionals ensure that asphalt primers meet consistent quality, safety, and testing requirements, resulting in reliable performance in both residential and commercial applications.

Related Standards

For comprehensive compliance and best practices, refer to these relevant ASTM standards:

• ASTM D5/D5M - Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
• ASTM D88/D88M - Test Method for Saybolt Viscosity
• ASTM D402/D402M - Test Method for Distillation of Cutback Asphalt
• ASTM D6511/D6511M - Test Methods for Solvent-Bearing Bituminous Compounds

These standards provide detailed testing methodologies referenced by ASTM D41/D41M-11(2023) and support quality assurance in the production and application of asphalt primer for roofing, dampproofing, and waterproofing.

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Keywords: ASTM D41, asphalt primer, roofing primer, dampproofing, waterproofing, bituminous primer, construction standards, building materials, surface preparation, ASTM International.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D41/D41M − 11 (Reapproved 2023) American Association State
Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: M116
Standard Specification for
Asphalt Primer Used in Roofing, Dampproofing, and
Waterproofing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D41/D41M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope phalt (Withdrawn 2023)
D6511/D6511M Test Methods for Solvent Bearing Bitumi-
1.1 This specification covers asphaltic primer suitable for
nous Compounds
use with asphalt in roofing, dampproofing, and waterproofing
below or above ground level, for application to concrete,
3. Classification
masonry, metal, and asphalt surfaces.
3.1 Type I is characterized as an Asphalt Primer with a
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
generally higher solvent-to-asphalt ratio.
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3.2 Type II is characterized as an Asphalt Primer with a
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
lesser solvent-to-asphalt ratio than Type I.
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
4. Physical Requirements
with the standard.
4.1 The primer shall conform to the following requirements:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Water, Vol %, max, Type I and Type II 0.5
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Saybolt Furol viscosity at 25 °C [77 °F], Type I 25 to 125 s
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Saybolt Furol viscosity at 25 °C [77 °F], Type II 120 to 500 s
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Distillation, volume % of the primer:
Up to 225 °C [437 °F], Type I not less than 35
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Up to 360 °C [680 °F], Type I not more than 65
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Up to 225 °C [437 °F], Type II not less than 30
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Up to 360 °C [680 °F], Type II not more than 60
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.2 The residue obtained from the distillation up to 360 °C
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
[680 °F] shall conform to the following requirements:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Penetration at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 g, 5 s 20 to 50
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Matter soluble in trichloroethylene not less than 99 %
5. Sampling
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards: 5.1 From each shipment or fraction thereof representing
primer of the same kind, select a number of packages at
D5/D5M Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Mate-
rials random equivalent to the cube root of the total number of
packages in the lot. If the cube root as calculated proves to be
D88/D88M Test Method for Saybolt Viscosity
D402/D402M Test Method for Distillation of Cutback As- a fractional number, it shall be expressed as the next higher
whole number. For convenience, the following table is given,
showing the number of samples to be selected for shipments of
various sizes:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on
Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.05
Packages in Shipment Packages Selected
on Solvent-Bearing Bituminous Compounds for Roofing and Waterproofing.
2 to 8 2
Current edition approved July 1, 2023. Published July 2023. Originally approved
9 t
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