ASTM D2799-12

Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of Coal

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The volume percent of physical components of coal is used as an aid in coal seam correlation and in the characterization of coals for their use in carbonization, gasification, liquefaction, and combustion processes.  
5.2 This test method is for use in scientific and industrial research, not compliance or referee tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and techniques used for determining the physical composition of a coal sample in terms of volume percent of the organic components and of mineral matter, if desired.  
1.2 The term weight is temporarily used in this test method because of established trade usage. The word is used to mean both force and mass and care must be taken to determine which is meant in each case (the SI unit for force is newton and for mass, kilogram).  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2012
• ICS: 73.040 - Coals
• Technical Committee: D05 - Coal and Coke
• Drafting Committee: D05.28 - Petrographic Analysis of Coal and Coke

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2799-11 - Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of Coal
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D2797/D2797M-21a - Standard Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D7569/D7569M-10(2015)e1 - Standard Practice for Determination of Gas Content of Coal—Direct Desorption Method
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D5671-20 - Standard Practice for Polishing and Etching Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2799 − 12
StandardTest Method for
Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of
1
Coal
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2799; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and techniques
usedfordeterminingthephysicalcompositionofacoalsample
3. Terminology
in terms of volume percent of the organic components and of
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms, refer to Terminol-
mineral matter, if desired.
ogy D121.
1.2 The term weight is temporarily used in this test method
3.2 Classification—The classification of the microscopic
because of established trade usage. The word is used to mean
constituents into groups of similar properties in a given coal is
bothforceandmassandcaremustbetakentodeterminewhich
as follows:
is meant in each case (the SI unit for force is newton and for
Maceral Group Maceral
mass, kilogram).
Vitrinite —
Liptinite or (exinite) alginite
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
cutinite
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
resinite
sporinite
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Inertinite fusinite
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
inertodetrinite
macrinite
2. Referenced Documents
micrinite
funginite
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
secretinite
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
semifusinite
D2797 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopi-
cal Analysis by Reflected Light 3.3 Many laboratories associated with the coke-making
D2798 Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the industry use the following simplified classification for petro-
Vitrinite Reflectance of Coal graphic analysis of bituminous coal:
D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal
vitrinite
liptinite (other than resinite)
and Coke from Coal
resinite
D3177 Test Methods forTotal Sulfur in theAnalysis Sample
semifusinite
3
of Coal and Coke (Withdrawn 2012)
micrinite
fusinite
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
mineral matter
ASTM Test Methods
3.4 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.4.1 alginite, n—a liptinite maceral that is generally spheri-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal
cal or ovoid, frequently having a crenulated border and
and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.28 on Petrographic
somewhat irregular reflectance and sometimes occurring in
Analysis of Coal and Coke.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012. Published January 2013. Originally clusters reflecting an origin from Botryococcus algae.
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D2799 – 11. DOI:
3.4.1.1 Discussion—Alginite often occurs as degraded frag-
10.1520/D2799-12.
ments derived from colonial or unicellular bodies.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.4.2 cutinite, n—a liptinite maceral in the form of a sheet
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
reflecting its origin from leaf- or twig-covering plant cuticle,
the ASTM website.
3 frequently exhibiting reticulation in planar section and a
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. serrated edge in cross section.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2799 − 12
3.4.3 exinite, n—Deprecated term. Use preferred term lip- based on microscopic appearance on polished surfaces accord-
tinite; sometimes has also been used as a synonym for ing to Practice D2797. Three major maceral groups are
sporinite.
recognized on the basis of relative reflectance in white light,
specifically: vitrinite—moderately reflecting (intermediate
3.4.4 funginite, n—an inertinite maceral occurring as round
gray), liptinite—poorly reflecting (black to dark gray), and
or ovoid bodies, frequently containing voids, reflecting an
inertinite—highly reflecting (light gray to white). Each group
origin from fungal sclerotia; also occurs (especially in lower
can be subdivided on the basis of other microscopically
rank coals) as interlaced, stringy materials derived from fungal
distinctive features such as: reflectance contrasts (relative
hyphae.
shades of gray); morphology, t
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2799 − 11 D2799 − 12
Standard Test Method for
Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of
1
Coal
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2799; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and techniques used for determining the physical composition of a coal sample in
terms of volume percent of the organic components and of mineral matter, if desired.
1.2 The term weight is temporarily used in this test method because of established trade usage. The word is used to mean both
force and mass and care must be taken to determine which is meant in each case (the SI unit for force is newton and for mass,
kilogram).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D121 Terminology of Coal and Coke
D2797 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light
D2798 Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Vitrinite Reflectance of Coal
D3174 Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal
3
D3177 Test Methods for Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke (Withdrawn 2012)
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms, refer to Terminology D121.
3.2 Classification—The classification of the microscopic constituents into groups of similar properties in a given coal is as
follows:
Maceral Group Maceral
Vitrinite —
Liptinite or (exinite) alginite
cutinite
resinite
sporinite
Inertinite fusinite
inertodetrinite
macrinite
micrinite
funginite
secretinite
semifusinite
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.28 on Petrographic Analysis
of Coal and Coke.
Current edition approved April 1, 2011Sept. 1, 2012. Published April 2011January 2013. Originally approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 20102011 as
D2799 – 10.D2799 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/D2799-11.10.1520/D2799-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2799 − 12
3.3 Many laboratories associated with the coke-making industry use the following simplified classification for petrographic
analysis of bituminous coal:
vitrinite
liptinite (other than resinite)
resinite
semifusinite
micrinite
fusinite
mineral matter
3.4 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.4.1 alginite, n—a liptinite maceral that is generally spherical or ovoid, frequently having a crenulated border and somewhat
irregular reflectance and sometimes occurring in clusters reflecting an origin from Botryococcus algae.
3.4.1.1 Discussion—
Alginite often occurs as degraded fragments derived from colonial or unicellular bodies.
3.4.2 cutinite, n—a liptinite maceral in the form of a sheet reflecting its origin from leaf- or twig-covering plant cuticle,
frequently exhibiting reticulation in planar section and a serrated edge in cross section.
3.4.3 exinite, n—Deprecated term. Use preferred term liptinite; sometimes has also been used as a synonym for sporinite.
3.4.4 funginite, n—an inertinite maceral occurring as round or ovoid bodies, frequently containing voids, reflecting an origin
from fungal sclerotia; also occurs (especially in lower rank coals) as interlaced, stringy materials derived from fungal hyphae.
3.4.5 fusinite, n—an inertinite maceral distinguished principally by the preservation of some feature(s) of the plant cell wall
structure, and with a pa
...