ASTM A906/A906M-02(2016)

Standard Specification for Grade 80 and Grade 100 Alloy Steel Chain Slings for Overhead Lifting

ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements and method of rating and testing for alloy chain slings. Only component parts compatible with alloy chain shall be used. Sling assembled by welding shall be fabricated by the electric or gas welding process, or both. The material shall undergo proof test to meet the prescribed mechanical requirements. Several grades of alloy chain sling shall conform to the specified working load limit values.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements and method of rating and testing for alloy chain slings. Slings shall be assembled using components manufactured in accordance with Specification A391/A391M for Grade 80 chain, Specification A973/A973M for Grade 100 chain, and Specification A952/A952M for other components. This specification covers welded and mechanically assembled slings.  
1.2 This specification does not cover slings used at elevated temperatures (above 400°F [200°C]), in harmful or corrosive environmental conditions or for applications such as nonsymmetrical legs or loading.  
1.3 This specification is a performance and assembly specification. Other standards, such as OSHA 1910.184, ASME B30.9, and ASME B30.10, apply to the use of the products in this specification.  
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units shall be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each system shall be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2016
• ICS: 53.020.30 - Accessories for lifting equipment
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.27 - Steel Chain

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:A906/A906M −02 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Specification for
Grade 80 and Grade 100 Alloy Steel Chain Slings for
Overhead Lifting
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA906/A906M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 Other Standards:
OSHA 1910.184
1.1 This specification covers the requirements and method
ASME B30.9Slings
of rating and testing for alloy chain slings. Slings shall be
ASME B30.10Hooks
assembledusingcomponentsmanufacturedinaccordancewith
Specification A391/A391M for Grade 80 chain, Specification
3. Terminology
A973/A973M for Grade 100 chain, and Specification A952/
3.1 Definitions:
A952M for other components. This specification covers
3.1.1 chain sling—an assembly consisting of alloy steel
welded and mechanically assembled slings.
chain or chains joined to suitable upper and lower fittings,
1.2 This specification does not cover slings used at elevated
according to the provisions of this specification, for attaching
temperatures (above 400°F [200°C]), in harmful or corrosive
loads to be lifted by a crane or lifting machine.
environmental conditions or for applications such as nonsym-
3.1.2 coupling link—a link fitted to the end of the chain to
metrical legs or loading.
connect to another component of the sling. See Fig. 1.
1.3 This specification is a performance and assembly speci-
3.1.3 master coupling link (secondary or intermediate
fication. Other standards, such as OSHA 1910.184, ASME
link)—a link used on three and four leg slings to connect the
B30.9, andASME B30.10, apply to the use of the products in
legs to a master link. See Fig. 1.
this specification.
3.1.4 master link—a link used as the upper end component
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
of a chain sling and by means of which the sling is attached to
shallberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theSI
a crane or other lifting machine. See Fig. 1.
units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system
3.1.5 overhead lifting—that process of lifting which would
are not exact equivalents; therefore each system shall be used
elevateafreelysuspendedloadtosuchapositionthatdropping
independently of the other, without combining values in any
theloadwouldpresentapossibilityofbodilyinjuryorproperty
way.
damage.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.6 proof test—a term designating a quality control test
applied to a sling or to components of a sling. It is the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
minimum force in pounds or newtons which the sling and
A391/A391MSpecification for Grade 80 Alloy Steel Chain
components have withstood under a test in which a constantly
A952/A952MSpecification for Forged Grade 80 and Grade
increasing force has been applied in direct tension.
100 Steel Lifting Components and Welded Attachment
3.1.7 length (reach)—the distance from the bearing point of
Links
the upper end fitting to the bearing point of the lower end
A973/A973MSpecificationforGrade100AlloySteelChain
fitting. See Fig. 1.
3.1.8 sling angle—that angle measured between the hori-
zontal plane and the leg (legs) of the sling. See Tables 1-3.
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.27 on Steel Chain.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2016. Published September 2016. Originally
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as A906/A906M – Available from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 200
02(2010). DOI: 10.1520/A0906_A0906M-02R16. Constitution Ave., NW, Room Number N3626, Washington, DC 20210, http://
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or www.osha.gov.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
the ASTM website. www.asme.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A906/A906M−02 (2016)
FIG. 1Chain Sling Major Components
TABLE 1 Chain and Single Leg Grade 80 Sling WLL Data
5.1.1 Conformance to ASTM designation A906 or A906M
and year of issue,
5.1.2 Size of sling in inches [millimetres],
5.1.3 Grade of sling,
5.1.4 Typeofsling(s)asdesignatedbythesymbolsdepicted
in Table 7, if possible,
5.1.5 Quantity ordered,
5.1.6 Reach of sling(s),
5.1.7 Sling angle, and
5.1.8 Certification of proof test(s), if required.
Grade 80 Chain Size Single Leg WLL (max)
in. mm lb kg
6. Manufacture
⁄32 5.5 2100 950
⁄32 7 3500 1600
6.1 Assembly:
⁄16 8 4500 2000
6.1.1 Only component parts compatible with alloy chain
⁄8 10 7100 3200
1 shall be used.
⁄2 13 12 000 5400
⁄8 16 18 100 8200 6.1.2 Slingsassembledbyweldingshallbefabricatedbythe
⁄4 20 28 300 12 800
electric or gas welding process, or both.
⁄8 22 34 200 15 500
6.1.3 Mechanically assembled slings shall be assembled in
1 26 47 700 21 600
1 ⁄4 32 72 300 32 800
accordance with component manufacturer’s recommendations.
6.1.4 Components shall be assembled so as to ensure free
articulation of the sling.
3.1.9 working load limit (WLL)—the maximum load which
7. Mechanical Requirements
a sling is designed to support in direct tension without shock
7.1 Proof Test:
loading at a designated sling angle of lift.
7.1.1 All components of a sling, either individually or as an
assembly, shall be proof tested as required in 7.1.2 – 7.1.4.
4. Classification
7.1.2 The proof test load for single leg slings and compo-
4.1 There are two grades of chain slings covered under this
nents attached to single legs shall be twice the working load
specification. The size of a sling is denoted by the size of the
limit for the size and grade chain.
chain used in its manufacture. The grade of a sling is denoted
7.1.3 The proof test load for components attached to two
by the lowest grade component used in its manufacture.
legsofaslingshallbefourtimestheworkingloadlimitforthe
4.1.1 Grade 80.
size and grade chain.
4.1.2 Grade 100.
7.1.4 Theprooftestloadforcomponentsattachedtothreeor
fourlegsofaslingshallbesixtimestheworkingloadlimitfor
5. Ordering Information
the size and grade chain.
5.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify 7.1.5 All sling components shall withstand the proof test
all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under load without loss of integrity or detrimental dimensional
this specification. Such requirements to be considered include, changes. Components that do not withstand the proof test shall
but are not limited to, the following: be discarded.
A906/A906M−02 (2016)
TABLE 2 Double Leg and Single Basket Grade 80 Alloy Chain Sling WLL Data at 60°, 45°, and 30° Sling Angles
NOTE 1—[WLL (double leg)=2xWLL (single leg) x sin α]
WLL at Sling Angle α of
Grade 80 Chain Size
60° 45° 30°
in. mm lbkglbkglbkg
⁄32 5.5 3600 1650 3000 1350 2100 950
⁄32 7 6100 2750 4900 2250 3500 1600
⁄16 8 7800 3550 6400 2900 4500 2000
⁄8 10 12 300 5
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A906/A906M − 02 (Reapproved 2010) A906/A906M − 02 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Specification for
Grade 80 and Grade 100 Alloy Steel Chain Slings for
Overhead Lifting
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A906/A906M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the requirements and method of rating and testing for alloy chain slings. Slings shall be assembled
using components manufactured in accordance with Specification A391/A391M for Grade 80 chain, Specification A973/A973M
for Grade 100 chain, and Specification A952/A952M for other components. This specification covers welded and mechanically
assembled slings.
1.2 This specification does not cover slings used at elevated temperatures (above 400°F [200°C]), in harmful or corrosive
environmental conditions or for applications such as nonsymmetrical legs or loading.
1.3 This specification is a performance and assembly specification. Other standards, such as OSHA 1910.184, ASME B30.9, and
ASME B30.10, apply to the use of the products in this specification.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units shall be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore each system shall be used
independently of the other, without combining values in any way.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A391/A391M Specification for Grade 80 Alloy Steel Chain
A952/A952M Specification for Forged Grade 80 and Grade 100 Steel Lifting Components and Welded Attachment Links
A973/A973M Specification for Grade 100 Alloy Steel Chain
2.2 Other Standards:
OSHA 1910.184
ASME B30.9 Slings
ASME B30.10 Hooks
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 chain sling—an assembly consisting of alloy steel chain or chains joined to suitable upper and lower fittings, according
to the provisions of this specification, for attaching loads to be lifted by a crane or lifting machine.
3.1.2 coupling link—a link fitted to the end of the chain to connect to another component of the sling. See Fig. 1.
3.1.3 master coupling link (secondary or intermediate link)—a link used on three and four leg slings to connect the legs to a
master link. See Fig. 1.
3.1.4 master link—a link used as the upper end component of a chain sling and by means of which the sling is attached to a
crane or other lifting machine. See Fig. 1.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.27
on Steel Chain.
Current edition approved April 1, 2010Sept. 1, 2016. Published May 2010September 2016. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20022010 as
A906/A906MA906/A906M – 02.02(2010). DOI: 10.1520/A0906_A0906M-02R10.10.1520/A0906_A0906M-02R16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), 200 Constitution Ave., NW, Room Number N3626, Washington, DC 20210, http://
www.osha.gov.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, ThreeTwo Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990,
http://www.asme.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A906/A906M − 02 (2016)
FIG. 1 Chain Sling Major Components
3.1.5 overhead lifting—that process of lifting which would elevate a freely suspended load to such a position that dropping the
load would present a possibility of bodily injury or property damage.
3.1.6 proof test—a term designating a quality control test applied to a sling or to components of a sling. It is the minimum force
in pounds or newtons which the sling and components have withstood under a test in which a constantly increasing force has been
applied in direct tension.
3.1.7 length (reach)—the distance from the bearing point of the upper end fitting to the bearing point of the lower end fitting.
See Fig. 1.
3.1.8 sling angle—that angle measured between the horizontal plane and the leg (legs) of the sling. See Tables 1-3.
3.1.9 working load limit (WLL)—the maximum load which a sling is designed to support in direct tension without shock loading
at a designated sling angle of lift.
4. Classification
4.1 There are two grades of chain slings covered under this specification. The size of a sling is denoted by the size of the chain
used in its manufacture. The grade of a sling is denoted by the lowest grade component used in its manufacture.
4.1.1 Grade 80.
4.1.2 Grade 100.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
specification. Such requirements to be considered include, but are not limited to, the following:
5.1.1 Conformance to ASTM designation A906 or A906M and year of issue,
5.1.2 Size of sling in inches [millimetres],
5.1.3 Grade of sling,
5.1.4 Type of sling(s) as designated by the symbols depicted in Table 7, if possible,
5.1.5 Quantity ordered,
5.1.6 Reach of sling(s),
5.1.7 Sling angle, and
5.1.8 Certification of proof test(s), if required.
6. Manufacture
6.1 Assembly:
6.1.1 Only component parts compatible with alloy chain shall be used.
6.1.2 Slings assembled by welding shall be fabricated by the electric or gas welding process, or both.
6.1.3 Mechanically assembled slings shall be assembled in accordance with component manufacturer’s recommendations.
6.1.4 Components shall be assembled so as to ensure free articulation of the sling.
7. Mechanical Requirements
7.1 Proof Test:
7.1.1 All components of a sling, either individually or as an assembly, shall be proof tested as required in 7.1.2 – 7.1.4.
A906/A906M − 02 (2016)
TABLE 1 Chain and Single Leg Grade 80 Sling WLL Data
Grade 80 Chain Size Single Leg WLL (max)
in. mm lb kg
⁄32 5.5 2100 950
⁄32 7 3500 1600
⁄16 8 4500 2000
⁄8 10 7100 3200
⁄2 13 12 000 5400
⁄8 16 18 100 8200
⁄4 20 28 300 12 800
⁄8 22 34 200 15 500
1 26 47 700 21 600
1 ⁄4 32 72 300 32 800
TABLE 1 Chain and Single Leg Grade 80 Sling WLL Data
Grade 80 Chain Size Single Leg WLL (max)
in. mm lb kg
⁄32 5.5 2100 950
⁄32 7 3500 1600
⁄16 8 4500 2000
⁄8 10 7100 3200
⁄2 13 12 000 5400
⁄8 16 18 100 8200
⁄4 20 28 300 12 800
⁄8 22 34 200 15 500
1 26 47 700 21 600
1 ⁄4 32 72 300 32 800
7.1.2 The proof test load for single leg slings and components attached to single legs shall be twice the working load limit for
the size and grade chain.
7.1.3 The proof test load for components attached to two legs of a sling shall be four times the working load limit for the size
and grade chain.
7.1.4 The proof test load for components attached to three or four legs of a sling shall be six times the working load limit for
the size and grade chain.
7.1.5 All sling components shall withstand the proof test load without loss of integrity or detrimental dimensional changes.
Components that do not withstand the proof test shall be discarded.
8. Tolerances
8.1 When constructing the sling, a tolerance of −0 + 2 links is permissible on the nominal reach ordered by a purchaser. In the
completed sling, the difference between the longest and shortest legs of a multi-leg sling shall not exceed ⁄16 in. (8 mm)[8 mm]
1 1
for legs up to 6 ⁄2 ft (2 m)[2 m] in length. For slings in excess of 6 ⁄2 ft (2 m), ft [2 m], the difference between the longest and
5 1
shortest legs may be increased by ⁄32 in. (4 mm)[4 mm] for each additional 3 ⁄4 ft (1 m). ft [1 m].
9. Working Load Limit (WLL)
9.1 Working Load Limit—The working load limits given in Tables 1-6 are for symmetrically loaded slings manufactured with
components of equal or higher working load limits than the chain.
A906/A906M − 02 (2016)
TABLE 2 Double Leg and Single Basket Grade 80 Alloy Chain Sling WLL Data at 60°, 45°, and 30° Sling Angles
NOTE 1—[WLL (double leg) = 2 x WLL (single leg) x sin α]
WLL at Sling Angle α of
Grade 80 Chain Size 60° 45° 30°
in. mm lb kg lb kg lb kg
⁄32 5.5 3600 1650 3000 1350 2100 950
⁄32 7 6100 2750 4900 2250 3500 1600
⁄16 8 7800 3550 6400 2900 4500 2000
⁄8 10 12 300 5500 10 000 4500 7100 3200
⁄2 13 20 800 9450 17 000 7700 12 000 5400
⁄8 16 31 300 14 200 25 600 11 600 18 100 8200
⁄4 20 49 000 22 250 40 000 18 150 28 300 12 800
⁄8 22 59 200 26 850 48 400 21 900 34 200 15 500
1 26 82 600 37 500 67 400 30 600 47 700 21 600
1 ⁄4 32 125 200 56 800 102 200 46 400 72 300 32 800
TABLE 2 Double Leg and Single Basket Grade 80 Alloy Chain Sling WLL Data at 60°, 45°, and 30° Sling Angles
NOTE 1—[WLL (double leg) = 2 x WLL (single leg) x sin α]
WLL
...