ASTM D4564-02

Standard Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the Sleeve Method

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of soil in place by the sleeve method.
1.2 The sleeve method of determining the density of soil in place is used for cohesionless, granular soils for which other methods of determining the density (sand cone, test pit, and the like) may not be practical. Typically, the sleeve method is applicable for soils that are predominantly fine gravel size, with a maximum of 5 % fines, and a maximum particle size of 3/4 in. (19.0 mm).
Note 1—There have been other methods developed for testing cohesionless soils. Compared to other methods, this procedure is convenient for field construction control testing because smaller and lighter equipment is used and the test can be performed in a smaller area.
1.3 A calibration equation is necessary in the application of this test method to obtain a reliable value of the in-place density of the soil (see Annex A1). The calibration equation is used to calculate the density of the soil in place from the mass of dry soil per inch of test hole measured by the sleeve method.
1.3.1 The calibration equation is predetermined for a particular soil type that is to be tested. When the soil changes significantly in either gradation or particle angularity, the calibration equation may have to be adjusted or redefined before the sleeve method can be used.
1.3.2 There may be certain soils meeting the general description in 1.2 for which a calibration equation may not be appropriate due to unsatisfactory correlation of the data. The sleeve method would not be applicable for these soils.
1.3.3 There may be certain soils meeting the description in for which the calibration equation may be applicable only for a certain range of densities. The sleeve method will give reliable values of the density in place only within that range of densities.
1.4 It is common practice in the engineering profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and a unit of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate systems of units; that is, the absolute system and the gravitational system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single standard. This standard has been written using the gravitational system of units when dealing with the inch-pound system. In this system the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight). However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of mass (lbm), or the recording of density in lbm/ft 3 should not be regarded as nonconformance with this test method.
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D 6026. The method used to specify how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly related to the accuracy to which the data can be applied in design or other uses or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard is beyond its scope.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Aug-2002
• ICS: 93.020 - Earthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works
• Technical Committee: D18 - Soil and Rock
• Drafting Committee: D18.08 - Special and Construction Control Tests

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4564-93 - Standard Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the Sleeve Method
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D4564-02a - Standard Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the Sleeve Method
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3839-14(2019) - Standard Guide for Underground Installation of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D6031/D6031M-96(2015) - Standard Test Method for Logging In Situ Moisture Content and Density of Soil and Rock by the Nuclear Method in Horizontal, Slanted, and Vertical Access Tubes
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D7294-13(2021) - Standard Guide for Collecting Treatment Process Design Data at a Contaminated Site—A Site Contaminated with Chemicals of Interest
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F1668-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Construction Procedures for Buried Plastic Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4564 – 02
Standard Test Method for
1
Density of Soil in Place by the Sleeve Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4564; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope * of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single
standard. This standard has been written using the gravitational
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density
system of units when dealing with the inch-pound system. In
of soil in place by the sleeve method.
this system the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight).
1.2 The sleeve method of determining the density of soil in
However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of
place is used for cohesionless, granular soils for which other
3
mass (lbm), or the recording of density in lbm/ft should not be
methods of determining the density (sand cone, test pit, and the
regarded as nonconformance with this test method.
like) may not be practical. Typically, the sleeve method is
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
applicable for soils that are predominantly fine gravel size,
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
with a maximum of 5 % fines, and a maximum particle size of
3 Practice D 6026. The method used to specify how data are
⁄4 in. (19.0 mm).
collected, calculated, or recorded in this standard is not directly
NOTE 1—There have been other methods developed for testing cohe-
related to the accuracy to which the data can be applied in
sionless soils. Compared to other methods, this procedure is convenient
design or other uses or both. How one applies the results
for field construction control testing because smaller and lighter equip-
obtained using this standard is beyond its scope.
ment is used and the test can be performed in a smaller area.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.3 A calibration equation is necessary in the application of
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
this test method to obtain a reliable value of the in-place
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
density of the soil (see Annex A1). The calibration equation is
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
used to calculate the density of the soil in place from the mass
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of dry soil per inch of test hole measured by the sleeve method.
1.3.1 The calibration equation is predetermined for a par-
2. Referenced Documents
ticular soil type that is to be tested. When the soil changes
2.1 ASTM Standards:
significantly in either gradation or particle angularity, the
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
calibration equation may have to be adjusted or redefined 2
Fluids
before the sleeve method can be used.
D 2216 Method for Laboratory Determination of Water
1.3.2 There may be certain soils meeting the general de-
(Moisture) Content of Soil, Rock, and Soil-Aggregate
scription in 1.2 for which a calibration equation may not be 2
Mixtures
appropriate due to unsatisfactory correlation of the data. The
D 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
sleeve method would not be applicable for these soils.
Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock
1.3.3 There may be certain soils meeting the description in 2
as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
1.2 for which the calibration equation may be applicable only
D 4253 Test Methods for Maximum Index Density of Soils
for a certain range of densities. The sleeve method will give 2
Using a Vibratory Table
reliable values of the density in place only within that range of
D 4254 Test Methods for Minimum Index Density of Soils
densities. 2
and Calculation of Relative Density
1.4 It is common practice in the engineering profession to
D 4643 Test Method for Determination of Water (Moisture)
concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) 2
Content of Soil by the Microwave Oven Method
and a unit of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate
D 4753 Specification for Evaluating, Selecting, and Speci-
systems of units; that is, the absolute system and the gravita-
fying Balances and Scales for Use in Soil, Rock, and
tional system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use 2
Construction Material Testing
D 4959 Test Method for Determination of Water (Moisture)
2
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Content of Soil by Direct Heating Method
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.08 on Special and
Const
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