ASTM E139-11

Standard Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Rupture tests, properly interpreted, provide a measure of the ultimate load-carrying ability of a material as a function of time. Creep tests measure the load-carrying ability for limited deformations. The two tests complement each other in defining the load-carrying ability of a material. In selecting material and designing parts for service at elevated temperatures, the type of test data used will depend on the criterion of load-carrying ability that better defines the service usefulness of the material.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the amount of deformation as a function of time (creep test) and the measurement of the time for fracture to occur when sufficient force is present (rupture test) for materials when under constant tensile forces at constant temperature. It also includes the essential requirements for testing equipment. For information of assistance in determining the desirable number and duration of tests, reference should be made to the product specification.
1.2 These test methods list the information which should be included in reports of tests. The intention is to ensure that all useful and readily available information is transmitted to interested parties. Reports receive special attention for the following reasons: (1) results from different, recognized procedures vary significantly; therefore, identification of methods used is important; (2) later studies to establish important variables are often hampered by the lack of detailed information in published reports; (3) the nature of prolonged tests often makes retest impractical, and at the same time makes it difficult to remain within the recommended variations of some controlled variables. A detailed report permits transmittal of test results without implying a degree of control which was not achieved.
1.3 Tests on notched specimens are not included. These tests are addressed in Practice E292.
1.4 Tests under conditions of short times are not included. These test methods are addressed in Test Methods E21.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ^REFERENCE:
ASTM Standards:
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of Metallic Materials
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E74 Practice of Calibration of Force-Measuring Instruments for Verifying the Force Indication of Testing Machines
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer Systems
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison Techniques
E292 Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of Materials
E633 Guide for Use of Thermocouples in Creep and Stress-Rupture Testing to 1800°F (1000°C) in Air
E1012 Practice for Verification of Test Frame and Specimen Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial Force Application

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2011
• ICS: 77.040.10 - Mechanical testing of metals
• Technical Committee: E28 - Mechanical Testing
• Drafting Committee: E28.04 - Uniaxial Testing

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E139-06 - Standard Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1291-18 - Standard Test Method for Elevated Temperature Tensile Creep Strain, Creep Strain Rate, and Creep Time to Failure for Monolithic Advanced Ceramics
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM A471/A471M-19 - Standard Specification for Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E328-21 - Standard Test Methods for Stress Relaxation for Materials and Structures
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E2760-19e1 - Standard Test Method for Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM A193/A193M-23 - Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E633-21a - Standard Guide for Use of Thermocouples in Elevated-Temperature Mechanical Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM B670-07(2018) - Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Nickel Alloy (UNS N07718) Plate, Sheet, and Strip for High-Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM F2281-04(2017) - Standard Specification for Stainless Steel and Nickel Alloy Bolts, Hex Cap Screws, and Studs, for Heat Resistance and High Temperature Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM B639-02(2018) - Standard Specification for Precipitation Hardening Cobalt-Containing Alloys (UNS R30155 and UNS R30816) Rod, Bar, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM B637-18 - Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening and Cold Worked Nickel Alloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for Moderate or High Temperature Service
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM A453/A453M-17 - Standard Specification for High-Temperature Bolting, with Expansion Coefficients Comparable to Austenitic Stainless Steels
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM B1015-20 - Standard Practice for Form and Style of Standards Relating to Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E2714-13(2020) - Standard Test Method for Creep-Fatigue Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM A732/A732M-20 - Standard Specification for Castings, Investment, Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel for General Application, and Cobalt Alloy for High Strength at Elevated Temperatures
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E139 − 11
Standard Test Methods for
Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture
1
Tests of Metallic Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E139; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
amount of deformation as a function of time (creep test) and
the measurement of the time for fracture to occur when
2. Referenced Documents
sufficient force is present (rupture test) for materials when
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
under constant tensile forces at constant temperature. It also
E4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
includes the essential requirements for testing equipment. For
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of MechanicalTesting
information of assistance in determining the desirable number
E8Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
and duration of tests, reference should be made to the product
E21TestMethodsforElevatedTemperatureTensionTestsof
specification.
Metallic Materials
1.2 These test methods list the information which should be
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
included in reports of tests. The intention is to ensure that all
Determine Conformance with Specifications
useful and readily available information is transmitted to
E74Practice of Calibration of Force-Measuring Instruments
interested parties. Reports receive special attention for the
for Verifying the Force Indication of Testing Machines
following reasons: (1) results from different, recognized pro-
E83Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
cedures vary significantly; therefore, identification of methods
someter Systems
used is important; (2) later studies to establish important
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
variables are often hampered by the lack of detailed informa-
ASTM Test Methods
tioninpublishedreports;(3)thenatureofprolongedtestsoften
E220Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By
makesretestimpractical,andatthesametimemakesitdifficult
Comparison Techniques
to remain within the recommended variations of some con-
E292Test Methods for ConductingTime-for-Rupture Notch
trolled variables. A detailed report permits transmittal of test
Tension Tests of Materials
results without implying a degree of control which was not
E633Guide for Use of Thermocouples in Creep and Stress-
achieved.
Rupture Testing to 1800°F (1000°C) in Air
1.3 Testsonnotchedspecimensarenotincluded.Thesetests
E1012Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Speci-
are addressed in Practice E292.
men Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial
Force Application
1.4 Tests under conditions of short times are not included.
These test methods are addressed in Test Methods E21.
3. Terminology
1.5 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
3.1 Definitions—The definitions of terms relating to creep
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
testing, which appear in Section E of Terminology E6 shall
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
apply to the terms used in this practice. For the purpose of this
and are not considered standard.
practiceonly,someofthemoregeneraltermsareusedwiththe
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
restricted meanings given below.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of theASTM Committee E28 on
2
Mechanical Testing For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E139–06. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E0139-11. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E139 − 11
3.2.1 axial strain—the average of the strain measured on test data used will depend on the criterion of load-carrying
opposite sides and equally dist
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E139–06 Designation:E139–11
Standard Test Methods for
Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture
1
Tests of Metallic Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E139; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the amount of deformation as a function of time (creep test) and the
measurement of the time for fracture to occur when sufficient force is present (rupture test) for materials when under constant
tensile forces at constant temperature. It also includes the essential requirements for testing equipment. For information of
assistance in determining the desirable number and duration of tests, reference should be made to the product specification.
1.2 Thesetestmethodslisttheinformationwhichshouldbeincludedinreportsoftests.Theintentionistoensurethatalluseful
and readily available information is transmitted to interested parties. Reports receive special attention for the following reasons:
(1)resultsfromdifferent,recognizedproceduresvarysignificantly;therefore,identificationofmethodsusedisimportant; (2)later
studies to establish important variables are often hampered by the lack of detailed information in published reports; (3) the nature
of prolonged tests often makes retest impractical, and at the same time makes it difficult to remain within the recommended
variations of some controlled variables. A detailed report permits transmittal of test results without implying a degree of control
which was not achieved.
1.3 Tests on notched specimens are not included. These tests are addressed in Practice E292.
1.4 Tests under conditions of short times are not included. These test methods are addressed in Test Methods E21.
1.5The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of Metallic Materials
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E74 Practice of Calibration of Force-Measuring Instruments for Verifying the Force Indication of Testing Machines
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer Systems
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison Techniques
E292 Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of Materials
E633 Guide for Use of Thermocouples in Creep and Stress-Rupture Testing to 1800F (1000C) in Air
E1012 PracticeforVerificationofTestFrameandSpecimenAlignmentUnderTensileandCompressiveAxialForceApplication
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of theASTM Committee E28 on Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.04 on Uniaxial
Testing.
´1
Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E139–00 . DOI:
10.1520/E0139-06.on Mechanical Testing
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E139–06. DOI:
10.1520/E0139-11.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail]ards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Consho
...