ASTM D7345-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure (Micro Distillation Method)
Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure (Micro Distillation Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The distillation (volatility) characteristics of hydrocarbons and other liquids have an important effect on their safety and performance, especially in the case of fuels and solvents. The boiling range gives information on the composition, the properties, and the behavior of the fuel during storage and use. Volatility is the major determinant of the tendency of a hydrocarbon mixture to produce potentially explosive vapors.
5.2 The distillation characteristics are critically important for both automotive and aviation gasolines, affecting starting, warm-up, and tendency to vapor lock at high operating temperature or at high altitude, or both. The presence of high boiling point components in these and other fuels can significantly affect the degree of formation of solid combustion deposits.
5.3 Distillation limits are often included in petroleum product specifications, in commercial contract agreements, process refinery/control applications, and for compliance to regulatory rules.
5.4 This test method can be applied to contaminated products or hydrocarbon mixtures. This is valuable for fast product quality screening, refining process monitoring, fuel adulteration control, or other purposes including use as a portable apparatus for field testing.
5.5 This test method uses an automatic micro distillation apparatus, provides fast results using small sample volume, and eliminates much of the operator time and subjectivity in comparison to Test Method D86.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determination of the distillation characteristics of petroleum products and liquid fuels having boiling range between 20 °C to 400 °C at atmospheric pressure using an automatic micro distillation apparatus.
1.2 This test method is applicable to such products as; light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels containing up to 10 % ethanol, aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, regular and low sulfur diesel fuels, biodiesel (B100), biodiesel blends up to 20 % biodiesel, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits, kerosines, burner fuels, and marine fuels.
1.3 The test method is also applicable to hydrocarbons with a narrow boiling range, like organic solvents or oxygenated compounds.
1.4 The test method is designed for the analysis of distillate products; it is not applicable to products containing appreciable quantities of residual material.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D7345 − 14
596/12
StandardTest Method for
Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at
Atmospheric Pressure (Micro Distillation Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7345; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* specified, such as in contractual agreements or regulatory rules
where earlier versions of the method(s) identified may be
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determination
required.
of the distillation characteristics of petroleum products and
liquid fuels having boiling range between 20 °C to 400 °C at
2.2 ASTM Standards:
atmospheric pressure using an automatic micro distillation
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
apparatus.
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D323 TestMethodforVaporPressureofPetroleumProducts
1.2 This test method is applicable to such products as; light
and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels, (Reid Method)
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
automotive spark-ignition engine fuels containing up to 10 %
ethanol, aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, regular and Reduced Pressure
lowsulfurdieselfuels,biodiesel(B100),biodieselblendsupto D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
20 % biodiesel, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white Petroleum Products
spirits, kerosines, burner fuels, and marine fuels. D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1.3 The test method is also applicable to hydrocarbons with
D4953 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and
a narrow boiling range, like organic solvents or oxygenated
Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
compounds.
D5190 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
1.4 The test method is designed for the analysis of distillate 3
ucts (Automatic Method) (Withdrawn 2012)
products;itisnotapplicabletoproductscontainingappreciable
D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
quantities of residual material.
ucts (Mini Method)
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D5482 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
ucts (Mini Method—Atmospheric)
standard.
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples
of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Measurement System Performance
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
2. Referenced Documents Lubricants
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
2.1 All standards are subject to revision, and parties to
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
agreement on this test method are to apply the most recent
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
edition of the standards indicated below, unless otherwise
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.08 on Volatility. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published January 2015. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D7345 – 08. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D7345-14. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7345 − 14
2.3 Energy Institute Standards: 3.1.9 percentrecovery,n—percentrecoverypredictedbythe
IP69 Petroleumproducts-Determinationofvapourpressure automatic apparatus and expressed as a percentage of the
- Reid method charge volume.
IP394 Liquid petroleum products -Vapour pressure - Part 1:
3.1.10 percent residue, n—volume of residue in the distil-
Determination of air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP)
lationflaskpredictedbytheautomaticapparatusandexpressed
2.4 ISO Standards:
as a percentage of the charge volume.
Guide 34 General requirements for the competence of refer-
3.1.11 reference method, n—ASTM D86 test method or its
ence material producers
analogs which is widely used for expression of the distillation
Guide 35 Reference materials — General and statistical
characteristics of petroleum products in industry.
principles for certification
3.1.12 temperature readings, n—vapor and liquid tempera-
3. Terminology
turehasthroughuseofanalgorithmoftheautomaticapparatus
been adjusted to mimic the same temperature lag and emergent
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
stem effects as would be seen when using an ASTM 7C/7F or
3.1.1 automatic apparatus, n—microprocessor-controlled
8C/8F liquid-in-glass thermometer to determine the distillation
unit that performs the procedures of automatically controlling
characteristicsofthematerialundertestbyindustryrecognized
the evaporation of a liquid specimen under specific conditions
reference method.
of this test method, collecting measurement data and convert-
ing this data by patented algorithm in order to predict distilla-
3.1.13 vapor temperature, n—temperature of the vapors in
tion results in correlation with industry recognized reference
the distillation flask during the test obtained by a vapor
method.
temperature measuring device of automatic apparatus.
3.1.2 corrected temperature reading, n— temperature
4. Summary of Test Method
readings, as described in 3.1.12, corrected to 101.3 kPa
barometric pressure.
4.1 A specimen of the sample is transferred into the distil-
3.1.3 end point (EP) or final boiling point (FBP),
lation flask, the distillation flask is placed into position on the
n—maximum corrected temperature readings obtained during
automatic apparatus, and heat is applied to the bottom of the
the test at the instant the flask internal pressure returns to the
distillation flask.
initial pressure level registered by automatic apparatus.
4.2 The automatic apparatus measures and records speci-
3.1.3.1 Discussion—This usually occurs after the evapora-
men vapor and liquid temperatures, and pressure in the
tion of all liquid from the bottom of the distillation flask. The
distillation flask as the sample gradually distills under atmo-
term maximum temperature is a frequently used synonym.
spheric pressure conditions. Automatic recordings are made
3.1.4 flask internal pressure, n—pressure within the distil-
throughout the distillation and the data stored into the appara-
lation flask obtained during the test by a differential pressure
tus memory.
sensor of automatic apparatus.
4.3 At the conclusion of the distillation, the collected data is
3.1.4.1 Discussion—The flask internal pressure data re-
treated by the data processing system, converted to distillation
corded during the test is automatically converted to the volume
characteristics and corrected for barometric pressure.
percent recovered or evaporated data by patented algorithm
employed by automatic apparatus.
4.4 Test results are commonly expressed as percent recov-
ered or evaporated versus corresponding temperature in com-
3.1.5 initial boiling point (IBP), n—corrected temperature
pliance with industry recognized standard form and reference
readings that corresponds to the instant of the flask internal
method either in a table or graphically, as a plot of the
pressure rise registered by automatic apparatus.
distillation curve.
3.1.6 liquidtemperature,n—temperatureoftheliquidspeci-
men in the distillation flask during the test obtained by a liquid
5. Significance and Use
temperature measuring device of automatic apparatus.
5.1 The distillation (volatility) characteristics of hydrocar-
3.1.7 percent evaporated, n—percent recovered corrected to
bons and other liquids have an important effect on their safety
a predicted by automatic analyzer evaporation loss percent.
and performance, especially in the case of fuels and solvents.
Percent evaporated is automatically reported for ASTM 7C
The boiling range gives information on the composition, the
thermometer correlation.
properties, and the behavior of the fuel during storage and use.
3.1.8 percent recovered, n—volume percent automatically
Volatility is the major determinant of the tendency of a
reported by the analyzer; expressed as a percentage of the
hydrocarbon mixture to produce potentially explosive vapors.
charge volume, associated with a simultaneous temperature
5.2 The distillation characteristics are critically important
readings. Percent recovered is reported for ASTM 8C ther-
for both automotive and aviation gasolines, affecting starting,
mometer correlation.
warm-up, and tendency to vapor lock at high operating
temperature or at high altitude, or both. The presence of high
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
boiling point components in these and other fuels can signifi-
U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
cantly affect the degree of formation of solid combustion
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de
Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.ch. deposits.
D7345 − 14
5.3 Distillation limits are often included in petroleum prod- Flammable. Liquid causes eye burns. Vapor harmful. May be
uct specifications, in commercial contract agreements, process fatal or cause blindness if swallowed or inhaled.)
refinery/control applications, and for compliance to regulatory
7.2 Toluene, 99.5 % purity. (Warning—Extremely flam-
rules.
mable. Harmful if inhaled. Skin irritant on repeated contact.
5.4 This test method can be applied to contaminated prod-
Aspiration hazard.)
ucts or hydrocarbon mixtures. This is valuable for fast product
7.3 n-Hexadecane, 99 % purity. (Warning—Extremely
quality screening, refining process monitoring, fuel adultera-
flammable. Harmful if inhaled. Skin irritant on repeated
tion control, or other purposes including use as a portable
contact. Aspiration hazard.)
apparatus for field testing.
7.4 Chemicals of at least 99 % purity shall be used in the
5.5 This test method uses an automatic micro distillation
calibration procedure (see 10.2). Unless otherwise indicated, it
apparatus,providesfastresultsusingsmallsamplevolume,and
isintendedthatallreagentsconformtothespecificationsofthe
eliminates much of the operator time and subjectivity in
Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical
comparison to Test Method D86.
Society.
6. Apparatus 7.5 Granular Pumice Stones, clean and dry fine grade
6 pumice stones of diameter 0.8 mm to 3.0 mm, approximately
6.1 Basic Components of the Automatic Apparatus:
10 grains are necessary for each test.
6.1.1 Thebasiccomponentsofthemicrodistillationunitare
the distillation flask, a condensate recovery area with waste 7.6 Sample Drying Agent—Anhydrous sodium sulfate has
beaker, an enclosure for the distillation flask with the heat been found to be suitable.
source and flask support, the specimen liquid temperature
measuring device, the specimen vapor temperature measuring
8. Sampling, Storage, and Sample Conditioning
device,thedistillationflaskinternalpressuremeasuringdevice,
8.1 Sampling:
the ambient pressure measuring device, the control systems for
8.1.1 The extreme sensitivity of volatility measurements to
regulating the distillation process, and the data processing
losses through evaporation and the resulting changes in com-
system for converting recorded information into typical indus-
position is such as to require the utmost precaution in the
try recognized standard report form.
drawing and handling of volatile product samples.
6.2 AdetaileddescriptionoftheapparatusisgiveninAnnex
8.1.2 Obtain a sample and test specimen in accordance with
A1.
Practice D4057, D4177,or D5854 when appropriate. At least
50 mL of sample is recommended.
6.3 Barometer for Calibration—A pressure measuring de-
8.1.3 Sample shall be free from any suspended solids or
vice capable of measuring local station pressure with an
other insoluble contaminations. Obtain another sample or
accuracy of 0.1 kPa (1 mmHg) or better, at the same elevation
remove solid particle by filtration. During filtration operation
relative to sea level where the apparatus is located.
take care to minimize any loss of light ends.
6.3.1 Thebarometerisonlyrequiredforperiodiccalibration
of the external and internal pressure measuring devices.
8.2 Sample Storage:
6.3.2 (Warning—Do not take readings from ordinary aner-
8.2.1 All samples shall be stored in a tightly closed and
oid barometers, such as those used at weather stations and
leak-free container away from direct sunlight or sources of
airports, since these are precorrected to give sea level read-
direct heat.
ings.)
8.2.2 Protect samples containing light materials having
6.4 Sampling Device—Glass or plastics syringe capacity expectedinitialboilingpointlowerthan100 °Cfromexcessive
10 mL 6 0.3 mLor constant volume dispenser capacity 10 mL
temperatures prior to testing. This can be accomplished by
6 0.3 mL.
storage of the sample container in an appropriate ice bath or
refrigerator at a temperature below 10 °C. Other samples can
6.5 Waste Beaker—Glass approximately 200 mL capacity,
be stored at ambient or lower temperature.
outside diameter approximately 70 mm and height approxi-
8.2.3 If the sample has partially or completely solidified
mately 130 mm fitted with a cover to reduce evaporation. The
during storage, it is to be carefully heated to a temperature
cover design shall allow the beaker to remain open to atmo-
when it is completely fluid. It shall be vigorously shaken after
spheric pressure.
melting, prior to opening the sample container, to ensure
homogeneity.
7. Reagents and Materials
8.3 Wet Samples:
7.1 Cleaning Solvents, suitable for cleaning and drying the
testflasksuchas;petroleumnaphthaandacetone.(Warning—
Reagent Chemi
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7345 − 08 D7345 − 14
596/12
Standard Test Method for
Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at
Atmospheric Pressure (Micro Distillation Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7345; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determination of the distillation characteristics of petroleum products and liquid
fuels having boiling range between 2020 °C to 400°C400 °C at atmospheric pressure using an automatic micro distillation
apparatus.
1.2 This test method is applicable to such products as; light and middle distillates, automotive spark-ignition engine fuels,
automotive spark-ignition engine fuels containing up to 10 % ethanol, aviation gasolines, aviation turbine fuels, regular and low
sulfur diesel fuels, biodiesel (B100), biodiesel blends up to 20 % biodiesel, special petroleum spirits, naphthas, white spirits,
kerosines, burner fuels, and marine fuels.
1.3 The test method is also applicable to hydrocarbons with a narrow boiling range, like organic solvents or oxygenated
compounds.
1.4 The test method is designed for the analysis of distillate products; it is not applicable to products containing appreciable
quantities of residual material.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreement on this test method are to apply the most recent edition of
the standards indicated below, unless otherwise specified, such as in contractual agreements or regulatory rules where earlier
versions of the method(s) identified may be required.
2.2 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4953 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
D5190 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Automatic Method) (Withdrawn 2012)
D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
D5482 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method—Atmospheric)
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.08 on Volatility.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2008Dec. 1, 2014. Published November 2008January 2015. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20072008
as D7345D7345 – 08.–07. DOI: 10.1520/D7345-08.10.1520/D7345-14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7345 − 14
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
2.3 Energy Institute Standards:
IP 69 Petroleum products - Determination of vapour pressure - Reid method
IP 394 Liquid petroleum products - Vapour pressure - Part 1: Determination of air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP)
2.4 ISO Standards:
Guide 34 General requirements for the competence of reference material producers
Guide 35 Reference materials — General and statistical principles for certification
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 automatic apparatus, n—microprocessor-controlled unit that performs the procedures of automatically controlling the
evaporation of a liquid specimen under specific conditions of this test method, collecting measurement data and converting this
data by patented algorithm in order to predict distillation results in correlation with industry recognized reference method.
3.1.2 corrected temperature reading, n— temperature readings, as described in 3.1.12, corrected to 101.3 kPa barometric
pressure.
3.1.3 end point (EP) or final boiling point (FBP), n—maximum corrected temperature readings obtained during the test at the
instant the flask internal pressure returns to the initial pressure level registered by automatic apparatus.
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iso.ch.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—
This usually occurs after the evaporation of all liquid from the bottom of the distillation flask. The term maximum temperature
is a frequently used synonym.
3.1.4 flask internal pressure, n—pressure within the distillation flask obtained during the test by a differential pressure sensor
of automatic apparatus.
3.1.4.1 Discussion—
The flask internal pressure data recorded during the test is automatically converted to the volume percent recovered or evaporated
data by patented algorithm employed by automatic apparatus.
3.1.5 initial boiling point (IBP), n—corrected temperature readings that corresponds to the instant of the flask internal pressure
rise registered by automatic apparatus.
3.1.6 liquid temperature, n—temperature of the liquid specimen in the distillation flask during the test obtained by a liquid
temperature measuring device of automatic apparatus.
3.1.7 percent evaporated, n—percent recovered corrected to a predicted by automatic analyzer evaporation loss percent. Percent
evaporated is automatically reported for ASTM 7C thermometer correlation.
3.1.8 percent recovered, n—volume percent automatically reported by the analyzer; expressed as a percentage of the charge
volume, associated with a simultaneous temperature readings. Percent recovered is reported for ASTM 8C thermometer
correlation.
3.1.9 percent recovery, n—percent recovery predicted by the automatic apparatus and expressed as a percentage of the charge
volume.
3.1.10 percent residue, n—volume of residue in the distillation flask predicted by the automatic apparatus and expressed as a
percentage of the charge volume.
3.1.11 reference method, n—ASTM D86 test method or its analogs which is widely used for expression of the distillation
characteristics of petroleum products in industry.
3.1.12 temperature readings, n—vapor and liquid temperature has through use of an algorithm of the automatic apparatus been
adjusted to mimic the same temperature lag and emergent stem effects as would be seen when using an ASTM 7C/7F or 8C/8F
liquid-in-glass thermometer to determine the distillation characteristics of the material under test by industry recognized reference
method.
D7345 − 14
3.1.13 vapor temperature, n—temperature of the vapors in the distillation flask during the test obtained by a vapor temperature
measuring device of automatic apparatus.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A specimen of the sample is transferred into the distillation flask, the distillation flask is placed into position on the
automatic apparatus, and heat is applied to the bottom of the distillation flask.
4.2 The automatic apparatus measures and records specimen vapor and liquid temperatures, and pressure in the distillation flask
as the sample gradually distills under atmospheric pressure conditions. Automatic recordings are made throughout the distillation
and the data stored into the apparatus memory.
4.3 At the conclusion of the distillation, the collected data is treated by the data processing system, converted to distillation
characteristics and corrected for barometric pressure.
4.4 Test results are commonly expressed as percent recovered or evaporated versus corresponding temperature in compliance
with industry recognized standard form and reference method either in a table or graphically, as a plot of the distillation curve.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The distillation (volatility) characteristics of hydrocarbons and other liquids have an important effect on their safety and
performance, especially in the case of fuels and solvents. The boiling range gives information on the composition, the properties,
and the behavior of the fuel during storage and use. Volatility is the major determinant of the tendency of a hydrocarbon mixture
to produce potentially explosive vapors.
5.2 The distillation characteristics are critically important for both automotive and aviation gasolines, affecting starting,
warm-up, and tendency to vapor lock at high operating temperature or at high altitude, or both. The presence of high boiling point
components in these and other fuels can significantly affect the degree of formation of solid combustion deposits.
5.3 Distillation limits are often included in petroleum product specifications, in commercial contract agreements, process
refinery/control applications, and for compliance to regulatory rules.
5.4 This test method can be applied to contaminated products or hydrocarbon mixtures. This is valuable for fast product quality
screening, refining process monitoring, fuel adulteration control, or other purposes including use as a portable apparatus for field
testing.
5.5 This test method uses an automatic micro distillation apparatus, provides fast results using small sample volume, and
eliminates much of the operator time and subjectivity in comparison to Test Method D86.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Basic Components of the Automatic Apparatus:
6.1.1 The basic components of the micro distillation unit are the distillation flask, a condensate recovery area with waste beaker,
an enclosure for the distillation flask with the heat source and flask support, the specimen liquid temperature measuring device,
the specimen vapor temperature measuring device, the distillation flask internal pressure measuring device, the ambient pressure
measuring device, the control systems for regulating the distillation process, and the data processing system for converting
recorded information into typical industry recognized standard report form.
6.2 A detailed description of the apparatus is given in Annex A1.
6.3 Barometer for Calibration—A pressure measuring device capable of measuring local station pressure with an accuracy of
0.1 kPa 0.1 kPa (1 mmHg) or better, at the same elevation relative to sea level where the apparatus is located.
6.3.1 The barometer is only required for periodic calibration of the external and internal pressure measuring devices.
6.3.2 (Warning—Do not take readings from ordinary aneroid barometers, such as those used at weather stations and airports,
since these are precorrected to give sea level readings.)
6.4 Sampling Device—Glass or plastics syringe capacity 10 6 0.3 mL10 mL 6 0.3 mL or constant volume dispenser capacity
1010 mL 6 0.3 mL.0.3 mL.
6.5 Waste Beaker—Glass approximately 200 mL 200 mL capacity, outside diameter approximately 70 mm 70 mm and height
approximately 130 mm 130 mm fitted with a cover to reduce evaporation. The cover design shall allow the beaker to remain open
to atmospheric pressure.
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time is ISL /PAC, B.P. 70285 Verson, 14653 CARPIQUET – FRANCE. If you are aware of
alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible
technical committee, which you may attend.
D7345 − 14
7. Reagents and Materials
7.1 Cleaning Solvents, suitable for cleaning and drying the test flask such as; petroleum naphtha and acetone. (Warning—
Flammable. Liquid causes eye burns. Vapor harmful. May be fatal or cause blindness if swallowed or inhaled.)
7.2 Toluene, 99.5 % purity. (Warning—Extremely flammable. Harmful if inhaled. Skin irritant on repeated contact. Aspiration
hazard.)
7.3 n-Hexadecane, 99 % purity. (Warning—Extremely flammable. Harmful if inhaled. Skin irritant on repeated contact.
Aspiration hazard.)
7.4 Chemicals of at least 99 % purity shall be used in the calibration procedure (see 10.2). Unless otherwise indicated, it is
intended that all reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical
Society.
7.5 Granular Pumice Stones, clean and dry fine grade pumice stones of diameter 0.80.8 mm to 3.0 mm, 3.0 mm, approximately
10 grains are necessary for each test.
7.6 Sample Drying Agent—Anhydrous sodium sulfate has been found to be suitable.
8. Sampling, Storage, and Sample Conditioning
8.1 Sampling:
8.1.1 The extreme sensitivity of volatility measurements to losses through evaporation and the resulting changes in composition
is such as to require the utmost precaution in the drawing and handling of volatile product samples.
8.1.2 Obtain a sample and test specimen in accordance with Practice D4057, D4177, or D5854 when appropriate. At least 50
mL 50 mL of sample is recommended.
8.1.3 Sample shall be free from any suspended solids or other insoluble contamina
...
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