ASTM E694-99(2010)

Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Apparatus

ABSTRACT
This specification covers general requirements for laboratory glass volumetric apparatus of Class A and B. The volumetric apparatus shall be manufactured from glass of suitable chemical and thermal properties, and shall be as free as possible from visible defects. Glasswares with a flat base shall stand firmly without rocking when placed on a level surface. For those requiring stoppers and stopcocks, glass stoppers shall be interchangeable while plastic stoppers used as alternative to glass ones shall be of inert plastic material. Stopcocks, on the other hand, shall permit smooth and precise control of outflow. Glasswares shall have clean, permanent graduation lines of uniform thickness confined to the cylindrical portions of their cross section, with the graduations lines being of Pattern I, II, or III and the unit of volume being cubic centimetre. Units of cubic decimeter or cubic millimetre may be used in special cases; however, only one unit of volume shall be used on the same piece of apparatus. Aside from graduation lines, the glassware shall bear inscriptions of the capacity, the temperature at which it is to be used, the method of use (whether to contain or to deliver), and for those that deliver though an outflow nozzle, the time required to empty the total nominal capacity with unrestricted outflow. Per service requirement, additional provisions may be specified as well.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers general requirements common to glass volumetric apparatus. Specific dimensions and tolerances for applicable instruments are given in other specifications as cited throughout this specification. Glass must conform to Specifications E438 and be calibrated in accordance with Practice E542.
1.1.1 Class A—Each instrument shall be marked with the letter A to signify compliance with applicable construction and accuracy requirements. Instruments may be marked with an identification marker (serial number) at the option of the manufacturer.  
1.1.2 Class B—General purpose instruments are of the same basic design as Class A. However, volumetric tolerances for Class B instruments shall be within twice the specified range allowed for Class A unless otherwise specified.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2010
• ICS: 71.040.20 - Laboratory ware and related apparatus
• Technical Committee: E41 - Laboratory Apparatus
• Drafting Committee: E41.01 - Laboratory Ware and Supplies

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E694-99(2005) - Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Apparatus
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM E694-18 - Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Apparatus
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2018
• Referred By: ASTM C185-20 - Standard Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E1044-96(2018) - Standard Specification for Glass Serological Pipets (General Purpose and Kahn)
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E788-97(2019) - Standard Specification for Pipet, Blood Diluting
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D5086-20 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium, and Sodium in Atmospheric Wet Deposition by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E1878-97(2019) - Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks, Special Use
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E1377-99(2022) - Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Kjeldahl Flasks
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E1096-86(2018) - Standard Specification for Laboratory Glass Separatory Funnels
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E1293-02(2019) - Standard Specification for Glass Measuring Pipets
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D8421-22 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Aqueous Matrices by Co-solvation followed by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS/MS)
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E1349-06(2022) - Standard Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Bidirectional (45°:0° or 0°:45°) Geometry
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D3606-22 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Spark Ignition Fuels by Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E1094-04(2021) - Standard Specification for Pharmaceutical Glass Graduates
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E50-17 - Standard Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E694 −99 (Reapproved 2010)
Standard Specification for
1
Laboratory Glass Volumetric Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E694; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope E911 Specification for Glass Stopcocks with Polytetrafluo-
roethylene (PTFE) Plugs
1.1 This specification covers general requirements common
E969 Specification for Glass Volumetric (Transfer) Pipets
to glass volumetric apparatus. Specific dimensions and toler-
E1045 Specification for Pipet, Sahli Hemoglobin
ances for applicable instruments are given in other specifica-
E1272 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Cylin-
tionsascitedthroughoutthisspecification.Glassmustconform
ders
to Specifications E438 and be calibrated in accordance with
E1878 SpecificationforLaboratoryGlassVolumetricFlasks,
Practice E542.
Special Use
1.1.1 Class A—Each instrument shall be marked with the
letter A to signify compliance with applicable construction and
3. General Requirements
accuracy requirements. Instruments may be marked with an
identification marker (serial number) at the option of the
3.1 Units of Volume—The unit of volume shall be the cubic
3 3
manufacturer.
centimetre(cm )or,inspecialcases,thecubicdecimetre(dm )
3
1.1.2 Class B—General purpose instruments are of the same
or cubic millimetre (mm ).
basic design as Class A. However, volumetric tolerances for
NOTE 1—The term millilitre (mL) is commonly used as a special name
Class B instruments shall be within twice the specified range
3
for the cubic centimetre (cm ) and, similarly the litre for the cubic
allowed for Class A unless otherwise specified. 3 3
decimetre (dm ) and the microlitre (µL) for the cubic millimetre (mm ), in
accordance with the International System of Units (SI).
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 Standard Temperature—The standard reference
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
temperature, that is, the temperature at which the article of
C188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement
volumetric glassware is intended to contain or deliver its
E237 Specification for Laboratory Glass Microvolumetric
nominal volume (nominal capacity), shall be 20°C.
Vessels (Volumetric Flasks and Centrifuge Tubes)
NOTE 2—When it is necessary in tropical countries to work at an
E287 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Burets
ambient temperature considerably above 20°C, and it is not desired to use
E288 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks
the standard reference temperature of 20°C, it is recommended that a
E438 Specification for Glasses in Laboratory Apparatus
temperature of 27°C be adopted.
E542 Practice for Calibration of Laboratory Volumetric
3.3 Material and Annealing—Volumetric glassware shall be
Apparatus
constructed of glass of suitable chemical and thermal proper-
E671 Specification for Maximum Permissible Thermal Re-
ties.Itshallbeasfreeaspossiblefromvisibledefectsandshall
sidual Stress in Annealed Glass Laboratory Apparatus
conform to Specification E671.
E675 Specification for Interchangeable Taper-Ground Stop-
cocks And Stoppers
3.4 Limit of Error—On an article having multiple gradua-
E676 Specification for Interchangeable Taper-Ground Joints
tion lines, the limit of volumetric error may occur at any
E788 Specification for Pipet, Blood Diluting
graduation line unless otherwise specified. For example, on a
100-mL graduated cylinder having a limit of error of 61.00
mL, the volume at 10 mL could range from 9.00 to 11.00 mL.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 on
Laboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 on
3.5 Stability—Vessels provided with a flat base shall stand
Apparatus.
firmly thereon without rocking when placed on a level surface
Current edition approved July 1, 2010. Published July 2010. Originally approved
and, unless specified otherwise, the axis of the graduated
in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E694 – 99 (2005). DOI:
10.1520/E0694-99R10.
portion of the vessel should be vertical. Except for special
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
cases, vessels shall not topple when placed empty and without
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
a stopper on a surface inclined at an angle to the horizontal of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
3
the ASTM website. 15° for sizes 25 cm or greater and 10° for vessels less than 25
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