ASTM D6279-03(2007)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Rub Abrasion Mar Resistance of High Gloss Coatings
Standard Test Method for Rub Abrasion Mar Resistance of High Gloss Coatings
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Coatings, particularly the high gloss coatings used on automobiles, boats, toys, etc., are subject of a wide variety of conditions (for example, wiping, cleaning and exposure) during manufacture and service that can mar their surface. The ability of high gloss coatings to maintain their appearance is an important product attribute. This test method provides a way to estimate the ability of high gloss coatings to resist mar damage.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for evaluating the relative mar resistance of a series of high gloss coatings applied to a flat, rigid surface. Wet rub and dry rub abrasion tests are described. To fully characterize a coating's mar resistance, both tests should be run.
Note 1 - Dry abrasion mar resistance can also be evaluated by using Test Methods D 6037. If a series of very highly mar resistant coatings is being evaluated, Test Methods D 6037 will generally provide the better performance discrimination than the dry rub test described here. However, if the equipment described in Test Methods D 6037 is not available, the dry rub test described in this test method affords a reasonable alternative. The dry rub test is also useful for evaluating coatings that are not highly mar resistant.
1.2 Mar resistance is assessed by measuring the gloss of the abraded and unabraded areas. Mar resistance is directly related to the coating's ability to retain gloss in abraded areas.
Note 2 - The mar resistance values obtained by this test method have no absolute significance. They should only be used to derive relative performance rankings for test panels that have been prepared from the series of coatings that are currently being evaluated. If mar resistance values are quoted between laboratories, it is essential that a common standard be measured and that the values be compared to that standard. Even then, the values should be used with caution.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D6279 − 03 (Reapproved 2007)
StandardTest Method for
Rub Abrasion Mar Resistance of High Gloss Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6279; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
1.1 This test method covers procedures for evaluating the
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
relativemarresistanceofaseriesofhighglosscoatingsapplied
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
to a flat, rigid surface. Wet rub and dry rub abrasion tests are
D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
described. To fully characterize a coating’s mar resistance,
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
both tests should be run.
a Ferrous Base (Withdrawn 2006)
NOTE 1—Dry abrasion mar resistance can also be evaluated by using
D1400 TestMethodforNondestructiveMeasurementofDry
Test Methods D6037. If a series of very highly mar resistant coatings is
Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to a
being evaluated, Test Methods D6037 will generally provide the better
Nonferrous Metal Base (Withdrawn 2006)
performance discrimination than the dry rub test described here. However,
iftheequipmentdescribedinTestMethodsD6037isnotavailable,thedry D3924 Specification for Environment for Conditioning and
rub test described in this test method affords a reasonable alternative. The
Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Materials
dry rub test is also useful for evaluating coatings that are not highly mar
D6037 Test Methods for Dry Abrasion Mar Resistance of
resistant.
High Gloss Coatings
1.2 Mar resistance is assessed by measuring the gloss of the
abraded and unabraded areas. Mar resistance is directly related 3. Terminology
to the coating’s ability to retain gloss in abraded areas.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
NOTE 2—The mar resistance values obtained by this test method have 3.1.1 mar resistance, n—the ability of a coating to resist
no absolute significance. They should only be used to derive relative
permanent deformation or fracture, resulting from the applica-
performance rankings for test panels that have been prepared from the
tion of a dynamic mechanical force.
series of coatings that are currently being evaluated. If mar resistance
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Thistestmethodmeasuresresistanceto
values are quoted between laboratories, it is essential that a common
visible damage caused by mild abrasion.
standard be measured and that the values be compared to that standard.
Even then, the values should be used with caution.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1 The coatings that are being evaluated are applied at
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
uniform dry film thickness to planar panels of uniform surface
only.
texture. After drying or curing, or both, panels are marred by
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety
the action of dry abrasion media or wet abrasion media, or
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
both, under a reciprocating weighted pad. Mar resistance is
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
assessed by measuring the coating’s gloss within the abraded
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
and unabraded areas of test panels. Mar resistance is directly
limitations prior to use.
related to the coating’s ability to retain gloss in abraded areas.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Coatings, particularly the high gloss coatings used on
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
automobiles, boats, toys, etc., are subject of a wide variety of
conditions (for example, wiping, cleaning and exposure) dur-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
ing manufacture and service that can mar their surface. The
Subcommittee D01.55 on Factory Applied Coatings on Preformed Products.
ability of high gloss coatings to maintain their appearance is an
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2007.PublishedJuly2007.Originallyapproved
important product attribute.This test method provides a way to
in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D6279 – 03. DOI: 10.1520/
D6279-03R07. estimatetheabilityofhighglosscoatingstoresistmardamage.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
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D6279 − 03 (Reapproved 2007)
6. Apparatus 8. Conditioning
6.1 Application Equipment, as described in Practices D823.
8.1 Condition the test specimens at 23 6 2°C (74 6 4°F)
and 50 6 5 % relative humidity in accordance with Specifica-
6.2 Film Thickness Measuring Apparatus, as described in
tion D3924 unless otherwise specified in the test methods or
Test Methods D1005, D1186 or D1400.
the standard.
6.3 Abrader—Themartester issodesignedthatthe16mm,
61 mm diameter, friction element with a downward force of 9
9. Procedure
N, 610 %, moves back and forth in a straight line over a 100
9.1 Securely fasten the friction element to the reciprocating
mm 6 10 mm (4 in 6 0.4 in.) track on the test panel. It has a
arm.
uniform stroke rate of 60 r/min. One revolution is a complete
back and forth motion.
9.2 Set the number of cycles at 10, unless otherwise
specified. Set fewer cycles for easily marred panels and more
6.4 Friction Pad— Cover the instrument’s friction element
cycles for more mar resistant materials.
with a pad made of felt or paper. Felt pads can be attached by
wrapping the felt around the friction element and holding it in
9.3 Attach a new pad to the friction element. If an adhesive
place with a suitable spring clip or clamp. Paper pads must be
backed pad is used, attach the pad to the bottom of the friction
cut to fit to cover the area of the friction element that contacts
element. For nonadhesive backed pads, cover the friction
the coating. They can be attached to the friction element with
element by cupping the cloth around the bottom. Attach the
two-sided tape or paper pads that can be purchased with an
material with a spring clip or clamp, such that a flat, un-
adhesive backing. The type of pad affects the abrasion and so
wrinkled cloth surface comes into contact with the coated
must be defined for the test. It has been found
...
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