ASTM F2467-06(2019)

Standard Practice for Measuring Static Sealing Pressure Using Pressure-Indicating Film (PIF) in Transportation Applications

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is a screening tool and should be used in conjunction with other more accurate real-time load-measuring techniques.  
5.2 This practice covers the use of PIF, which is available in several load ranges. This practice also covers the use of a manual or automatic scanning device to read indicated load.  
5.3 Limitations include those applications in which the PIF may be kinked, twisted, or buckled. PIF does not withstand elevated temperature, low temperature, or fluid aging and does not take into account any relaxation of bolts, gasket materials, or flange twisting, as it provides only the maximum attained pressure.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a standard means for measuring initial static sealing pressure in transportation applications.  
1.2 It uses a pressure-indicating film (PIF) that will record the maximum load imprint of the seal-to-flange interfaces. The imprints will vary in intensity based on load across and along the interface.  
1.3 These imprints can be used to determine if initial load on the gasket is adequate to attain a seal. These imprints may also indicate correct bolt torque sequence. These imprints may also be used to determine if the mating surface waviness or local flatness meets gasket requirements. Roughness is rarely found by PIFs because peak-to-peak wavelengths are too short. PIF is very good at finding waviness (peak to peak > 2.5 mm) and local flatness dips. PIFs provide an approximation of maximum pressures, and do not take into account relaxation of the joint after the torque sequence. Other methods involving dynamic measurement should be used if flange loading after relaxation is desired.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2019
• ICS: 55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
• Technical Committee: F03 - Gaskets
• Drafting Committee: F03.10 - Composite Gaskets

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F2467-06(2013) - Standard Practice for Measuring Static Sealing Pressure Using Pressure-Indicating Film (PIF) in Transportation Applications
• Effective Date: 01-May-2019

Overview

ASTM F2467-06(2019) is a standard practice developed by ASTM International for measuring initial static sealing pressure using pressure-indicating film (PIF) in transportation applications. This standard offers a consistent approach to evaluating the pressure distribution at the seal-to-flange interface, crucial for ensuring adequate gasket loading and sealing in various transportation components. By using a physical impression method, it allows manufacturers and maintenance teams to visually assess and document the effectiveness of gasket installation and the uniformity of pressure application.

Key Topics

• Pressure-Indicating Film (PIF): ASTM F2467-06(2019) focuses on the use of PIF, a specialized film that records the maximum load imprint at the interface where a gasket meets a flange. The resulting imprints reveal intensity variations that correspond to load differences across the sealed joint.
• Static Sealing Pressure Evaluation: The practice measures the initial static clamp force, helping determine if a gasket is loaded properly to ensure an effective seal and whether the applied bolt torque sequence is correct.
• Screening Tool: The method is intended as a screening tool and should be complemented by more accurate, real-time load-measuring techniques for comprehensive analysis.
• Interpretation of Imprints: PIF imprints provide insights into the adequacy of gasket loading, correctness of bolt torque sequence, and surface irregularities such as waviness and local flatness dips (not roughness).
• Test Procedure: The standard outlines the selection of appropriate PIF load range, placement of film, proper tightening protocol for bolts, and guidelines for reading and storing the pressure imprints.

Applications

ASTM F2467-06(2019) is valuable in a range of transportation-related applications, including:

• Engine Component Assembly: Assess the load distribution in engine gaskets to confirm proper sealing in head, exhaust, coolant, and oil applications.
• Flange and Gasket Inspection: Evaluate the pressure profile between flanges and gaskets in test stands, subassemblies, and during quality control checks.
• Production Validation: Assist in production settings to verify clamp force and bolt torque sequences across multiple assemblies, helping prevent seal failures in service.
• Surface Conformance Assessments: Identify areas of inadequate pressure or potential leakage due to flange surface waviness or improper flatness. This supports both troubleshooting and validation in maintenance and repair operations.
• Development of Assembly Procedures: Inform assembly best practices by visualizing bolt tightening patterns and their effect on seal pressure.

Related Standards

Implementing ASTM F2467-06(2019) can be enhanced by referencing the following related ASTM standards and guidelines:

• ASTM F03 Series: Standards for gaskets and sealing materials, offering broader context on material specifications and performance testing.
• ASTM Standards on Flanges and Bolted Joints: Provides requirements for component materials, assembly, and testing in transportation and related industries.
• ISO Standards on Sealing Joints: International standards that align with the principles laid out by ASTM, supporting global conformity and regulatory compliance.
• Real-Time Load Measurement Methods: For comprehensive assessment, complement this screening practice with standards detailing dynamic load measurement for bolted joints.

By adhering to ASTM F2467-06(2019), organizations can implement a reliable process for evaluating sealing pressure in transportation applications, supporting improved safety, component reliability, and quality control throughout the assembly and maintenance lifecycle. For best results, always refer to the standard in conjunction with related specifications and the manufacturer's recommendations for PIF products.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2467 − 06 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Practice for
Measuring Static Sealing Pressure Using Pressure-
Indicating Film (PIF) in Transportation Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2467; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope density that correlates directly with the joint clamp force
applied in a given area.
1.1 This practice covers a standard means for measuring
initial static sealing pressure in transportation applications.
3. Special Test Equipment and Materials
1.2 It uses a pressure-indicating film (PIF) that will record
3.1 Pressure-indicating film (PIF) in the required pressure
the maximum load imprint of the seal-to-flange interfaces. The
range(s).
imprints will vary in intensity based on load across and along
3.2 A bolt micrometer or torque wrench for quantifying
the interface.
fastener load or sequence or both. For yielded fastener
1.3 These imprints can be used to determine if initial load
applications, torque versus yield or angle recording equipment
on the gasket is adequate to attain a seal. These imprints may
is also required.
also indicate correct bolt torque sequence. These imprints may
3.3 Subassembly test stand with one set of mating parts of
also be used to determine if the mating surface waviness or
the joint (minimum) and a complete set of fasteners.Anew set
local flatness meets gasket requirements. Roughness is rarely
of fasteners for each run shall be used if the torque loading is
found by PIFs because peak-to-peak wavelengths are too short.
high enough to cause plastic deformation of the bolts.
PIF is very good at finding waviness (peak to peak > 2.5 mm)
and local flatness dips. PIFs provide an approximation of 3.4 Asufficient quantity of gaskets to complete the required
maximum pressures, and do not take into account relaxation of
number of tests as agreed upon between producer and user.
the joint after the torque sequence. Other methods involving Reuse of gaskets after initial tightening is not allowed, unless
dynamic measurement should be used if flange loading after
approved by the user.
relaxation is desired.
3.5 Manual densitometer or automatic scanning device for
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
reading color density (optional).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Summary of Practice
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.1 PIF is placed between a gasket or seal and one or both
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of the mating flanges. Using the specified torque sequence, the
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
assembly is clamped together. After the specified waiting
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
period, the system is unclamped and the PIF removed. The
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
visible color pattern denotes where clamp pressure is present.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
The approximate pressure can be determined from color
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
density using a reflective (optical) densitometer or an auto-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
matic scanning device in conjunction with a computer conver-
sion program designed for the films. Follow the PIF supplier’s
2. Terminology
guidelines with regard to how color density relates to pressure
for a given PIF.
2.1 Definitions:
2.1.1 pressure-indicating film (PIF), n— film that will,
5. Significance and Use
under varying clamp forces, give a varying imprint or color
5.1 This practice is a screening tool and should be used in
conjunction with other more accurate real-time load-measuring
1 techniques.
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F03 on Gaskets and
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F03.10 on Composite Gaskets.
5.2 This practice covers the use of PIF, which is available in
Current edition approved May 1, 2019. Published June 2019. Originally
several load ranges. This practice also covers the use of a
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F2467 – 06 (2013).
DOI: 10.1520/F2467-06R19. manual or automatic scanning device to read indicated load.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2467 − 06 (2019)
5.3 Limitations include those applications in which the PIF 9.2 Using properly sized film, punch holes to allow clear-
may be kinked, twisted, or buckled. PIF does not withstand ance for fasteners, dowels, and so forth.
elevated temperature, low temperature, or fluid aging and does
9.3 Properly clean parts to ensure they are free of fluids
...