ASTM D8288-19

Standard Test Method for Comparison of Metalworking Fluids Using a Tapping Torque Test Machine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method can be used to predict the comparative lubricating properties of a metalworking fluid (MWF).  
5.1.1 Fluids that produce lower torques or higher efficiencies are predicted to have better machining characteristics.  
5.2 The method is applicable to all tap types, machining speeds, alloys and coatings that can be fabricated into a test piece.  
5.3 Comparison between different operating conditions or various types of fluids can be made.  
5.4 The reportable quantity is the efficiency or mean average torque of a reference fluid divided by the mean average torque of the fluid of interest.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a laboratory technique to evaluate the relative performance of metal removal fluids using an instrumented tapping machine that measures and records torque.  
1.1.1 The method is applicable to all tap types, machining speeds, and alloys that can be fabricated into a test piece. Comparison can be made between different operating conditions or various types of fluids including straight and emulsifiable oils, semi-synthetics and synthetic fluids (see Classification D2881).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—The units for the threads of the tap, M6, are in metric thread units.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2019
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.L0.01 - Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D6300-15 - Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2015
• Refers: ASTM D6300-16 - Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2016
• Refers: ASTM D2881-19 - Standard Classification for Metalworking Fluids and Related Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2019
• Refers: ASTM D6300-19a - Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D8288 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Comparison of Metalworking Fluids Using a Tapping Torque
1
Test Machine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8288; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D5619Test Method for Comparing Metal Removal Fluids
Using the Tapping Torque Test Machine (Withdrawn
1.1 This test method describes a laboratory technique to
3
2016)
evaluatetherelativeperformanceofmetalremovalfluidsusing
D6300Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
an instrumented tapping machine that measures and records
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
torque.
Lubricants
1.1.1 The method is applicable to all tap types, machining
D7778Guide for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
speeds, and alloys that can be fabricated into a test piece.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
Comparison can be made between different operating condi-
E1488GuideforStatisticalProcedurestoUseinDeveloping
tions or various types of fluids including straight and emulsi-
and Applying Test Methods
fiable oils, semi-synthetics and synthetic fluids (see Classifica-
tion D2881).
3. Terminology
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1 Fordefinitionsoftermsusedinthistestmethod,referto
standard.
Terminology D4175.
1.2.1 Exception—The units for the threads of the tap, M6,
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
are in metric thread units.
3.2.1 built up edge, n—an accumulation of the material
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
beingtappedwhichseizesorbondstothecuttingsurfaceofthe
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tap.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.2 cutting tap, n—in metal removal, a machine tool
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
which forms a thread by cutting and removing test piece
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
material.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.2.1 Discussion—Cutting taps form threads by removing
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
material as chips; less force is typically required and they are
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
more effective than forming taps for hard materials.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.2.3 datum mark (D), n—anetchedindicationonthecorner
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. of a machined test piece indicating that the adjoining sides are
square or perpendicular.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.4 forming tap, n—in metal removal, a machine tool that
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
forms a thread by displacing or deforming the test piece
D2881Classification for Metalworking Fluids and Related
material.
Materials
3.2.4.1 Discussion—A form tap is most effective in ductile
D4175Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
materials where metal can flow; no chips are removed.
Fuels, and Lubricants
3.2.5 tool feed rate, n—the distance traveled by the tool at a
uniform rate divided by the number of spindle revolutions
1
during which this travel occurs.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
3.2.5.1 Discussion—In this method the tool feed rate is the
Subcommittee D02.L0.01 on Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants.
distance (mm) per second a cutting or forming tap (8.9) passes
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019. Published January 2020. DOI: 10.1520/
through a hole in a test piece (8.10).
D8288-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
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D8288 − 19
4. Summary of Test Method 7.1.3 The machine’s software shall be capable of:
7.1.3.1 Recording torque and vertical positioning data dur-
4.1 The torque required to tap threads is measured for a
ing tapping events.
numberofholesinatestpiecelubricated
...