D02.L0.01 - Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In the normal use of a way lubricant in a machine tool, the way lubricant eventually becomes a contaminant that may emulsify into the coolant. It is generally desirable to remove this contaminant by skimming; otherwise, the coolant lifetime may be significantly shortened. This test method provides a guide for determining the separability characteristics of way lubricants that are expected to get into aqueous alkaline metalworking coolants. It is used for specification of new oils and might be useful in monitoring of in-service oils.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the ability of single-use way lubricants to separate from metalworking coolants (synthetic coolants, semisynthetic coolants, and soluble oils) or other alkaline aqueous fluids.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test provides a guide for determining the demulsibility characteristic of lubricating oils that are prone to water contamination and may encounter the turbulence of pumping and circulation capable of producing water-in-oil emulsions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the ability of oil and water to separate from each other. It is intended for use in testing medium and high-viscosity lubricating oils.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Thermal stability characterizes physical and chemical property changes which may adversely affect an oil's lubricating performance. This test method evaluates the thermal stability of a way lubricant in the presence of copper and steel rods at 100 °C. Deposits and rod colors are the evaluation criteria. No correlation of the test to field service has been made.  
5.2 This test method is intended for use in qualifying a way lubricant, rather than for quality control or condition monitoring purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the thermal stability of hydrocarbon-based way lubricants, although oxidation may occur during the test.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The results obtained by this test are a useful guideline in determining the ability of water-miscible metalworking fluids to prevent or minimize rust under specific conditions. There is usually a relationship between the results of this test and a similar ability of the subject coolant to prevent rust on nested parts or in drilled holes containing chips, etc. It must be understood, however, that conditions, metal types, etc. found in practice will not correlate quantitatively with these controlled laboratory conditions. The procedure may not be able to differentiate between two products with poor rust control due to the wide spacing between test dilutions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers evaluation of the ferrous corrosion control characteristics of water–miscible metalworking fluids.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—Note 1 contains inch-pound units since the drill sizes and feed rates do not have readily available metric equivalents.  
1.2.2 Exception—U.S. Standard sieve sizes include mesh values.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test provides a guide for evaluating the misting characteristics of oils for use in industrial mist lubrication systems. The degree of correlation between this test and service performance has not been fully determined.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the misting characteristics of lubricating fluids.  
Note 1: This test method should not be used to evaluate fluids containing solid additives such as graphite.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.2.1 Inch-pound units are used to describe the various tube fittings shown in Fig. 1.  
1.2.2 Inch-pound thread is shown in Fig. 2.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7 and 8.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method can be used to predict the comparative lubricating properties of a metalworking fluid (MWF).  
5.1.1 Fluids that produce lower torques or higher efficiencies are predicted to have better machining characteristics.  
5.2 The method is applicable to all tap types, machining speeds, alloys and coatings that can be fabricated into a test piece.  
5.3 Comparison between different operating conditions or various types of fluids can be made.  
5.4 The reportable quantity is the efficiency or mean average torque of a reference fluid divided by the mean average torque of the fluid of interest.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a laboratory technique to evaluate the relative performance of metal removal fluids using an instrumented tapping machine that measures and records torque.  
1.1.1 The method is applicable to all tap types, machining speeds, and alloys that can be fabricated into a test piece. Comparison can be made between different operating conditions or various types of fluids including straight and emulsifiable oils, semi-synthetics and synthetic fluids (see Classification D2881).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—The units for the threads of the tap, M6, are in metric thread units.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method measures the quantity of sulfur available to react with metallic surfaces to form solid lubricating aids at the temperature of the test. Rates of reaction are metal type, temperature, and time dependent.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of active sulfur in cutting oils. This test method applies to sulfur reactive with copper powder at a temperature of 150 °C (302 °F) in cutting fluids containing both natural and added sulfur.  
Note 1: It has not been established by ASTM Subcommittee D02.L0 as to how the active sulfur content thus determined may relate to field performance of the cutting fluid.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Metalworking may be divided into two general types of processes, metal deformation (such as rolling) and metal removal (such as grinding or cutting). This classification lists the various types of fluid and non-fluid materials used to directly provide cooling and lubrication in both types of metalworking processes. It is intended for use by those in metalworking or related industries who want to differentiate these materials. It is up to the user of this classification to determine the relevance of the items listed with respect to their application.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers and is designed to standardize and consolidate the terminology, nomenclature, and classification of metalworking fluids and related materials.  
1.2 Metalworking fluids includes both metal removal and forming fluids. These are the coolants and lubricants associated with both types of processes.  
1.3 This classification implies no evaluation of product quality or suitability for a given metalworking operation.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Thermal stability characterizes physical and chemical property changes which may adversely affect an oil's lubricating performance. This test method evaluates the thermal stability of a way lubricant in the presence of copper and steel rods at 100 °C. Deposits and rod colors are the evaluation criteria. No correlation of the test to field service has been made.  
4.2 This test method is intended for use in qualifying a way lubricant, rather than for quality control or condition monitoring purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the thermal stability of hydrocarbon–based way lubricants, although oxidation may occur during the test.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The results obtained by this test are a useful guideline in determining the ability of water-miscible metalworking fluids to prevent or minimize rust under specific conditions. There is usually a relationship between the results of this test and a similar ability of the subject coolant to prevent rust on nested parts or in drilled holes containing chips, etc. It must be understood, however, that conditions, metal types, etc. found in practice will not correlate quantitatively with these controlled laboratory conditions. The procedure may not be able to differentiate between two products with poor rust control due to the wide spacing between test dilutions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers evaluation of the ferrous corrosion control characteristics of water–miscible metalworking fluids.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—Note 1 contains inch-pound units since the drill sizes and feed rates do not have readily available metric equivalents.  
1.2.2 Exception—U.S. Standard sieve sizes include mesh values.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test provides a guide for determining the demulsibility characteristic of lubricating oils that are prone to water contamination and may encounter the turbulence of pumping and circulation capable of producing water-in-oil emulsions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the ability of oil and water to separate from each other. It is intended for use in testing medium and high-viscosity lubricating oils.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In the normal use of a way lubricant in a machine tool, the way lubricant eventually becomes a contaminant that may emulsify into the coolant. It is generally desirable to remove this contaminant by skimming; otherwise, the coolant lifetime may be significantly shortened. This test method provides a guide for determining the separability characteristics of way lubricants that are expected to get into aqueous alkaline metalworking coolants. It is used for specification of new oils and might be useful in monitoring of in-service oils.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the ability of single-use way lubricants to separate from metalworking coolants (synthetic coolants, semisynthetic coolants, and soluble oils) or other alkaline aqueous fluids.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test provides a guide for evaluating the misting characteristics of oils for use in industrial mist lubrication systems. The degree of correlation between this test and service performance has not been fully determined.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the misting characteristics of lubricating fluids.  
Note 1: This test method should not be used to evaluate fluids containing solid additives such as graphite.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.2.1 Inch-pound units are used to describe the various tube fittings shown in Fig. 1.  
1.2.2 Inch-pound thread is shown in Fig. 2.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7 and 8.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Metalworking may be divided into two general types of processes, metal deformation (such as rolling) and metal removal (such as grinding or cutting). This classification lists the various types of fluid and non-fluid materials used to directly provide cooling and lubrication in both types of metalworking processes. It is intended for use by those in metalworking or related industries who want to differentiate these materials. It is up to the user of this classification to determine the relevance of the items listed with respect to their application.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers and is designed to standardize and consolidate the terminology, nomenclature, and classification of metalworking fluids and related materials.  
1.2 Metalworking fluids includes both metal removal and forming fluids. These are the coolants and lubricants associated with both types of processes.  
1.3 This classification implies no evaluation of product quality or suitability for a given metalworking operation.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method measures the quantity of sulfur available to react with metallic surfaces to form solid lubricating aids at the temperature of the test. Rates of reaction are metal type, temperature, and time dependent.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of active sulfur in cutting oils. This test method applies to sulfur reactive with copper powder at a temperature of 150°C (302°F) in cutting fluids containing both natural and added sulfur. Note 1—It has not been established by ASTM Subcommittee D02.L0 as to how the active sulfur content thus determined may relate to field performance of the cutting fluid.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The results obtained by this test are a useful guideline in determining the ability of water-miscible metalworking fluids to prevent or minimize rust under specific conditions. There is usually a relationship between the results of this test and a similar ability of the subject coolant to prevent rust on nested parts or in drilled holes containing chips, etc. It must be understood, however, that conditions, metal types, etc. found in practice will not correlate quantitatively with these controlled laboratory conditions. The procedure may not be able to differentiate between two products with poor rust control due to the wide spacing between test dilutions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers evaluation of the ferrous corrosion control characteristics of water–miscible metalworking fluids.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—Note 1 contains inch-pound units since the drill sizes and feed rates do not have readily available metric equivalents.  
1.2.2 Exception—U.S. Standard sieve sizes include mesh values.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Thermal stability characterizes physical and chemical property changes which may adversely affect an oil's lubricating performance. This test method evaluates the thermal stability of a way lubricant in the presence of copper and steel rods at 100°C. Deposits and rod colors are the evaluation criteria. No correlation of the test to field service has been made.
This test method is intended for use in qualifying a way lubricant, rather than for quality control or condition monitoring purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the thermal stability of hydrocarbon–based way lubricants, although oxidation may occur during the test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test provides a guide for determining the demulsibility characteristic of lubricating oils that are prone to water contamination and may encounter the turbulence of pumping and circulation capable of producing water-in-oil emulsions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the ability of oil and water to separate from each other. It is intended for use in testing medium and high-viscosity lubricating oils.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
In the normal use of a way lubricant in a machine tool, the way lubricant eventually becomes a contaminant that may emulsify into the coolant. It is generally desirable to remove this contaminant by skimming; otherwise, the coolant lifetime may be significantly shortened. This test method provides a guide for determining the separability characteristics of way lubricants that are expected to get into aqueous alkaline metalworking coolants. It is used for specification of new oils and might be useful in monitoring of in-service oils.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the ability of single-use way lubricants to separate from metalworking coolants (synthetic coolants, semisynthetic coolants, and soluble oils) or other alkaline aqueous fluids.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test provides a guide for determining the demulsibility characteristic of lubricating oils that are prone to water contamination and may encounter the turbulence of pumping and circulation capable of producing water-in-oil emulsions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the ability of oil and water to separate from each other. It is intended for use in testing medium and high-viscosity lubricating oils.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method measures the quantity of sulfur available to react with metallic surfaces to form solid lubricating aids at the temperature of the test. Rates of reaction are metal type, temperature, and time dependent.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of active sulfur in cutting oils. This test method applies to sulfur reactive with copper powder at a temperature of 150°C (302°F) in cutting fluids containing both natural and added sulfur.
Note 1—It has not been established by ASTM Subcommittee D02.L0 as to how the active sulfur content thus determined may relate to field performance of the cutting fluid.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method measures the quantity of sulfur available to react with metallic surfaces to form solid lubricating aids at the temperature of the test. Rates of reaction are metal type, temperature, and time dependent.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of active sulfur in cutting oils. This test method applies to sulfur reactive with copper powder at a temperature of 150C (302F) in cutting fluids containing both natural and added sulfur. Note 1It has not been established by ASTM Subcommittee D02.L0 as to how the active sulfur content thus determined may relate to field performance of the cutting fluid.
1.2 &si-value;
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method measures the quantity of sulfur available to react with metallic surfaces to form solid lubricating aids at the temperature of the test. Rates of reaction are metal type, temperature, and time dependent.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of active sulfur in cutting oils. This test method applies to sulfur reactive with copper powder at a temperature of 150°C (300°F) in cutting fluids containing both natural and added sulfur. Note 1 - It has not been established by ASTM Subcommittee D02.L0 as to how the active sulfur content thus determined may relate to field performance of the cutting fluid.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test provides a guide for determining the demulsibility characteristic of lubricating oils that are prone to water contamination and may encounter the turbulence of pumping and circulation capable of producing water-in-oil emulsions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the ability of oil and water to separate from each other. It is intended for use in testing medium and high-viscosity lubricating oils.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test provides a guide for determining the demulsibility characteristic of lubricating oils that are prone to water contamination and may encounter the turbulence of pumping and circulation capable of producing water-in-oil emulsions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the ability of oil and water to separate from each other. It is intended for use in testing medium and high-viscosity lubricating oils.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The results obtained by this test are a useful guideline in determining the ability of water diluted metalworking fluids to prevent or minimize rust under specific conditions. There is usually a relationship between the results of this test and a similar ability of the subject coolant to prevent rust on nested parts or in drilled holes containing chips, etc. It must be understood, however, that conditions, metal types, etc. found in practice will not correlate quantitatively with these controlled laboratory conditions. The procedure may not be able to differentiate between two products with poor rust control due to the wide spacing between test dilutions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers evaluation of the ferrous corrosion control characteristics of water-dilutable metalworking fluids.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses re for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Thermal stability characterizes physical and chemical property changes which may adversely affect an oil’lubricating performance. This test method evaluates the thermal stability of a way lubricant in the presence of copper and steel rods at 100°C. Deposits and rod colors are the evaluation criteria. No correlation of the test to field service has been made.
This test method is intended for use in qualifying a way lubricant, rather than for quality control or condition monitoring purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the thermal stability of hydrocarbon-based way lubricants, although oxidation may occur during the test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
In the normal use of a way lubricant in a machine tool, the way lubricant eventually becomes a contaminant that may emulsify into the coolant. It is generally desirable to remove this contaminant by skimming; otherwise, the coolant lifetime may be significantly shortened. This test method provides a guide for determining the separability characteristics of way lubricants that are expected to get into aqueous alkaline metalworking coolants. It is used for specification of new oils and might be useful in monitoring of in-service oils.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the ability of single-use way lubricants to separate from metalworking coolants (synthetic coolants, semisynthetic coolants, and soluble oils) or other alkaline aqueous fluids.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 7 .

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The procedures described in this test method can be used to predict more accurately the lubricating properties of a metal removal fluid than previously available laboratory scale tests.
This test method is designed to allow flexibility in the selection of test specimen metal composition, tap alloy or coatings, and machining speeds.
Comparison between various types of fluids can be made, including cutting oils, soluble oils, semi-synthetics, or water soluble synthetics.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory technique to evaluate the relative performance of metal removal fluids using a non-matrix test protocol using the tapping torque test machine.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Because the equipment used in this test method is available only in inch-pound units, SI units are omitted when referring to the equipment and the test pieces.
1.3 This test method does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of active sulfur in cutting oils. This test method applies to sulfur reactive with copper powder at a temperature of 150°C (300°F) in cutting fluids containing both natural and added sulfur.
Note 1—It has not been established by ASTM as to how the active sulfur content thus determined may relate to field performance of the cutting fluid.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers evaluation of the ferrous corrosion control characteristics of water-dilutable metalworking fluids.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory technique to evaluate the relative performance of metal removal fluids using a non-matrix test protocol using the tapping torque test machine.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Because the equipment used in this test method is available only in inch-pound units, SI units are omitted when referring to the equipment and the test pieces.
1.3 This test method does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the ability of single-use way lubricants to separate from metalworking coolants (synthetic coolants, semisynthetic coolants, and soluble oils) or other alkaline aqueous fluids.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 7 .

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is designed primarily to evaluate the thermal stability of hydrocarbon based way lubricants, although oxidation may occur during the test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method is designed primarily to evaluate the thermal stability of hydrocarbon based way lubricants, although oxidation may occur during the test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers evaluation of the ferrous corrosion control characteristics of water-dilutable metalworking fluids.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of active sulfur in cutting oils. This test method applies to sulfur reactive with copper powder at a temperature of 150°C (300°F) in cutting fluids containing both natural and added sulfur.  Note 1-It has not been established by ASTM as to how the active sulfur content thus determined may relate to field performance of the cutting fluid.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the increase in volume of a low-viscosity aqueous liquid (less than 3 cSt at 40°C) due to its tendency to foam under high shear conditions.
Note 1—Foam under low shear is covered by Test Method D 3601.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific safety information, see 7.16.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the increase in volume of a low-viscosity aqueous liquid (less than 3 cSt at 40°C) due to its tendency to foam under low shear conditions.
Note 1—Foam under high shear is covered by Test Method D 3519 which uses a commercial blender.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety information, see 7.13.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the increase in volume of a low-viscosity aqueous liquid (less than 3 cSt at 40°C) due to its tendency to foam under low shear conditions.
Note 1—Foam under high shear is covered by Test Method D 3519 which uses a commercial blender.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety information, see 7.13.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the increase in volume of a low-viscosity aqueous liquid (less than 3 cSt at 40°C) due to its tendency to foam under high shear conditions.
Note 1—Foam under low shear is covered by Test Method D 3601.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific safety information, see 7.16.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The procedures described in this test method can be used to predict more accurately the lubricating properties of a metal removal fluid than previously available laboratory scale tests.
This test method is designed to allow flexibility in the selection of test specimen metal composition, tap alloy or coatings, and machining speeds.
Comparison between various types of fluids can be made, including cutting oils, soluble oils, semi-synthetics, or water soluble synthetics.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory technique to evaluate the relative performance of metal removal fluids using a non-matrix test protocol using the tapping torque test machine.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Because the equipment used in this test method is available only in inch-pound units, SI units are omitted when referring to the equipment and the test pieces.
1.3 This test method does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers a laboratory technique to evaluate the relative performance of metal removal fluids using a non-matrix test protocol using the tapping torque test machine.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants, this test method was withdrawn in January 2016. This standard was withdrawn without replacement due to lack of interest in supporting the standard with updated/compliant precision information.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The results obtained by this test method are useful as guides in determining the tendency of a water-based metalworking coolant to produce foam under low shear conditions. No correlation with changes in heat transfer, pumpability, or other factors affected by foam is intended. The foam generated by any given industrial process depends on the method by which the foam is generated and may not be directly proportional to that produced by this controlled laboratory test method. Further, the foam generated at the specified test temperature will not necessarily predict the foaming tendency of the liquid (that is, metalworking coolant) at some other use temperature.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the increase in volume of a low-viscosity aqueous liquid (less than 3 cSt at 40°C) due to its tendency to foam under low shear conditions. Note 1 - Foam under high shear is covered by Test Method D 3519 which uses a commercial blender.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety information, see 7.13.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the measurement of the increase in volume of a low-viscosity aqueous liquid (less than 3 cSt at 40°C) due to its tendency to foam under low shear conditions.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants, this test method was withdrawn in May 2013 due to lack of interest in its continued use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The results obtained by the test method described are useful as guides in determining the tendency of a water-based metalworking coolant to produce foam under high shear conditions. No correlation with changes in heat transfer, pumpability, or other factors affected by foam is intended. The foam produced by any given industrial process depends on the method by which the foam is generated and may not be directly proportional to that produced by this carefully controlled laboratory test method. Further, the foam generated at the specified test temperature will not necessarily predict the foaming tendency of the liquid (that is, metalworking coolant) at some other use temperature.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the increase in volume of a low-viscosity aqueous liquid (less than 3 cSt at 40°C) due to its tendency to foam under high shear conditions. Note 1 - Foam under low shear is covered by Test Method D 3601.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety information, see 7.16.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the measurement of the increase in volume of a low-viscosity aqueous liquid (less than 3 cSt at 40°C) due to its tendency to foam under high shear conditions.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants, this test method was withdrawn in May 2013 due to lack of interest in its continued use.