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ASTM D4306-01

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination

Standard Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination

SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the types of and preparation of containers found most suitable for the handling of aviation fuel samples for the determination of critical properties affected by trace contamination.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, and 5.6.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Aug-2001
ICS
75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.J0.04 - Additives and Electrical Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4306-97 - Standard Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
Effective Date
10-Aug-2001
Replaced By
ASTM D4306-07 - Standard Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM D4865-19 - Standard Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Electricity in Petroleum Fuel Systems
Effective Date
10-Aug-2001
Referred By
ASTM D5983-21 - Standard Specification for Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE) for Blending With Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
Effective Date
10-Aug-2001
Referred By
ASTM D4806-21a - Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
Effective Date
10-Aug-2001
Referred By
ASTM D4308-21 - Standard Test Method for Electrical Conductivity of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Precision Meter
Effective Date
10-Aug-2001
Referred By
ASTM D8011-19 - Standard Specification for Natural Gasoline as a Blendstock in Ethanol Fuel Blends or as a Denaturant for Fuel Ethanol
Effective Date
10-Aug-2001
Referred By
ASTM D3241-23 - Standard Test Method for Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
Effective Date
10-Aug-2001
Referred By
ASTM D8434-21 - Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel Containing Organo-metallic Additive
Effective Date
10-Aug-2001
Referred By
ASTM D7960-21 - Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel Containing Non-hydrocarbon Components
Effective Date
10-Aug-2001
Referred By
ASTM D1655-23 - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
Effective Date
10-Aug-2001
Referred By
ASTM D975-23 - Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
Effective Date
10-Aug-2001
Referred By
ASTM D4953-20 - Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
Effective Date
10-Aug-2001
Referred By
ASTM D7547-23 - Standard Specification for Hydrocarbon Unleaded Aviation Gasoline
Effective Date
10-Aug-2001
Referred By
ASTM D5452-23 - Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
Effective Date
10-Aug-2001

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ASTM D4306-01 - Standard Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace ContaminationASTM D4306-01 - Standard Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
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ASTM D4306-01 - Standard Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:D4306–01
Standard Practice for
Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace
1
Contamination
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4306; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Significance and Use
2
1.1 This practice describes the types of and preparation of 3.1 General descriptions for the manual sampling of petro-
containers found most suitable for the handling of aviation fuel leum products are given in Practice D 4057. However, a
samples for the determination of critical properties affected by number of aviation fuel properties are established or affected
trace contamination. by trace levels of polar or other compounds. Measurement
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the significance therefore requires that the sample containers not
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the add or adsorb any materials. This practice presents types and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- preparations of sampling containers found satisfactory for the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- determination of water separation, copper corrosion, electrical
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard conductivity, thermal stability, lubricity, and trace metal con-
statements, see 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, and 5.6. tent. An approval procedure for new containers is also given.
3.2 Twoproperties,particulatecontaminationandfreewater
2. Referenced Documents
content, involve materials easily removed by any sampling
2.1 ASTM Standards: container. These properties should be determined by placing
D 2624 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity of Avia-
the sample directly into the measuring apparatus and not using
tion and Distillate Fuels Containing a Static Dissipator containers to transport the sample to the measuring equipment.
3
Additive
3.3 Recommendations in this practice provide guidance for
D 3948 Test Methods for Determining Water Separation immediate use and for storage of samples. Immediate use
Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels by Portable involves sample storage for periods less than 24 hours.
4
Separometer
4. Apparatus
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
4
Petroleum Products 4.1 Sampling Containers:
D 4308 Test Method for Electrical Conductivity of Liquid 4.1.1 Epoxy-Coated Containers:
4
Hydrocarbons by Precision Meter 4.1.1.1 While generally superior to other coatings, certain
2.2 SAE Standard: epoxy-coatings evolve plasticizers which can adversely affect
SAE MAP-1794, The Ball on Cylinder Method for Measur- critical fuel properties. Because no specification is known to
5,6
ing Lubricity of Aviation Turbine Fuel describe a satisfactory epoxy-coating, 6.2 lists an approval
procedure which can be used to identify a satisfactory coating.
4.1.1.2 For initial qualification of new container sources,
1
coated cans should be examined closely to assure that the
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.J0 on
coating covers all inside surfaces. If not, the cans should be
Additive Related Properties.
considered the same as tin-plated, soldered side seam cans.
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2001. Published September 2001. Originally
4.1.2 Borosilicate (hard) Glass Bottles.
published as D 4306 – 84. Last previous edition D 4306 – 97.
2
The detailed data on which this Practice is based may be found in ASTM 4.1.2.1 Amber colored or bottles covered with an opaque
Research Report D02-1169. Practice on SamplingAviation Fuels for TestsAffected
material such as aluminum foil are preferred to avoid possible
by Trace Contamination, ASTM Research Report D02-1142 Sampling for Trace
reactions with sunlight.
Metals in Gas Turbine and SAE Practice MAP-1794, and ASTM Research Report
4.1.3 Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Bottles.
D02-1504.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
4.1.3.1 Black, carbon-filled bottles avoid possible reactions
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
with sunlight.
5
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Drive,
4.1.4 Polyethylene Bottles, high-density, linear.
Warrendale, PA 15096.
6
Alconox made byAlconox Inc., NewYork, NY10003 has been found suitable. 4.1.5 Steel Cans, tin-plated, soldered side seam.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Cons
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The combustion quality of aviation turbine fuel has traditionally been controlled in specifications by such tests as smoke point (see Test Method D1322), smoke volatility index, aromatic content of luminometer number (see Test Method D1740). Evidence is accumulating that a better control of the quality may be obtained by limiting the minimum hydrogen content of the fuel.  
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1.1 This guide provides procedures to develop data for use in research reports for new aviation gasolines or new aviation gasoline additives.  
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1.3 These research reports are intended to support the development and issuance of new specifications or specification revisions for these products. Guidance to develop ASTM International standard specifications for aviation gasoline is provided in Subcommittee J on Aviation Fuels Operating Procedures, Annex A6, “Guidelines for the Development and Acceptance of a New Aviation Fuel Specification for Spark-Ignition Reciprocating Engines.”  
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5.1 Some acids can be present in aviation turbine fuels due either to the acid treatment during the refining process or to naturally occurring organic acids. Significant acid contamination is not likely to be present because of the many check tests made during the various stages of refining. However, trace amounts of acid can be present and are undesirable because of the consequent tendencies of the fuel to corrode metals that it contacts or to impair the water separation characteristics of the aviation turbine fuel.  
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5.1 The tendency of a fuel to vaporize in automotive engine fuel systems is indicated by the vapor-liquid ratio of the fuel.  
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5.1 Wear due to excessive friction resulting in shortened life of engine components such as fuel pumps and fuel controls has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in an aviation fuel.  
5.2 The relationship of test results to aviation fuel system component distress due to wear has been demonstrated for some fuel/hardware combinations where boundary lubrication is a factor in the operation of the component.  
5.3 The wear scar generated in the ball-on-cylinder lubricity evaluator (BOCLE) test is sensitive to contamination of the fluids and test materials, the presence of oxygen and water in the atmosphere, and the temperature of the test. Lubricity measurements are also sensitive to trace materials acquired during sampling and storage. Containers specified in Practice D4306 shall be used.  
5.4 The BOCLE test method may not directly reflect operating conditions of engine hardware. For example, some fuels that contain a high content of certain sulfur compounds can give anomalous test results.
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1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels on rubbing steel surfaces.  
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully automated instrument. Either of the two instruments may be used to carry out the test.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) in the Boiling Range from 100 °C to 615 °C by Gas Chromatography

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5.1 The boiling range distribution of FAMES provides an insight into the composition of product related to the transesterification process. This gas chromatographic determination of boiling range can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
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1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
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5.1 This test method was developed to assess the performance of a heavy-duty engine oil in controlling engine wear under operating conditions selected to accelerate soot production and valve-train wear in a turbocharged and aftercooled four-cycle diesel engine with sliding tappet followers equipped with exhaust gas recirculation hardware.  
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1.1 This test method, commonly referred to as the Cummins ISB Test, covers the utilization of a modern, 5.9 L, diesel engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation and is used to evaluate oil performance with regard to valve-train wear.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, or where there is a sole source of supply equipment specification.  
1.2.2 See also A7.1 for clarification; it does not supersede 1.2 and 1.2.1.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A1 for general safety precautions.  
1.4 Table of Contents:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Test Method  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Apparatus  
6  
Engine Fluids and Cleaning Solvents  
7  
Preparation of Apparatus  
8  
Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests  
9  
Test Procedure  
10  
Calculations, Ratings, and Test Validity  
11  
Report  
12  
Precision and Bias  
13  
Annexes  
Safety Precautions  
Annex A1  
Intake Air Aftercooler  
Annex A2  
The Cummins ISB Engine Build Parts Kit  
Annex A3  
Sensor Locations and Special Hardware  
Annex A4  
External Oil System  
Annex A5  
Cummins Service Publications  
Annex A6  
Specified Units and Formats  
Annex A7  
Oil Analyses  
Annex A8  
Alternate Fuel Approval Process  
Annex A9  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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    English language
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