ASTM A703/A703M-99
(Specification)Standard Specification for Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in an individual specification, shall apply to steel castings for pressure-containing parts under each of the following ASTM specifications: Title of SpecificationASTM Designation Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding A 216/A 216Mfor High-Temperature ServiceSteel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for A 217/A 217MPressure-Containing Parts Suitable for High-Temperature Service Steel Castings, Austenitic, for High-Temperature A 351/A 351M Service Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure- A 352/A 352M Containing Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature Service Steel Castings, Alloy, Specially Heat-Treated, for A 389/A 389MPressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service A 487/A 487M
1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementary requirements which may be applied to the above specifications as indicated therein. These are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired and apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.3 In case of conflict between the requirements of the individual specification and this general specification, the former shall prevail.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. Inch-pound units are applicable for material ordered to Specification A 703 and SI units for material ordered to Specification A 703M.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: A 703/A 703M – 99 An American National Standard
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Specification for
Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-
Containing Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 703/A 703M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A 216/A 216M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon,
Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Ser-
1.1 This specification covers a group of common require-
vice
ments that, unless otherwise specified in an individual speci-
A 217/A 217M Specification for Steel Castings, Martensi-
fication, shall apply to steel castings for pressure-containing
tic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts
parts under each of the following ASTM specifications:
Suitable for High-Temperature Service
Title of Specification ASTM Designation
A 351/A 351M Specification for Castings, Austenitic,
Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding A 216/A 216M
Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex), for Pressure-Containing
for High-Temperature Service
Parts
Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for A 217/A 217M
A 352/A 352M Specification for Steel Castings, Ferritic
Pressure-Containing Parts Suitable for High-
Temperature Service
and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable
Steel Castings, Austenitic, for High-Temperature A 351/A 351M
for Low-Temperature Service
Service
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure- A 352/A 352M
Containing Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature
of Steel Products
Service
A 389/A 389M Specification for Steel Castings, Alloy,
Steel Castings, Alloy, Specially Heat-Treated, for A 389/A 389M
Specially Heat-Treated, for Pressure-Containing Parts,
Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-
Temperature Service
Suitable for High-Temperature Service
Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service A 487/A 487M
A 487/A 487M Specification for Steel Castings Suitable
1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementary
for Pressure Service
requirements which may be applied to the above specifications
A 488/A 488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Quali-
as indicated therein. These are provided for use when addi-
fication of Procedures and Personnel
tional testing or inspection is desired and apply only when
A 609/A 609M Practice for Castings, Carbon, Low-Alloy,
specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
and Martensitic Stainless Steel, Ultrasonic Examination
1.3 In case of conflict between the requirements of the
Thereof
individual specification and this general specification, the
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
former shall prevail.
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
A 800/A 800M Practice for Steel Castings, Austenitic Al-
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
loy, Estimating Ferrite Content Thereof
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
A 802/A 802M Practice for Steel Castings, Surface Accep-
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
tance Standards, Visual Examination
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
A 919 Terminology Relating to Heat Treatment of Metals
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
cation. Inch-pound units are applicable for material ordered to
Determine Conformance With Specifications
Specification A 703 and SI units for material ordered to
E 94 Guide for Radiographic Testing
Specification A 703M.
E 125 Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indica-
tions on Ferrous Castings
2. Referenced Documents
E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 4 ⁄2-
in. (51 to 114-mm)) Steel Castings
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel,
E 208 Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.18 on Castings.
Current edition approved June 10, 1999. Published July 1999. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02.
published as A 703 – 74. Last previous edition A 703/A 703M – 97. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
2 5
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
cation SA-703/SA-703M in Section II of that Code. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
A 703/A 703M
Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Ferritic covered by this specification shall be in accordance with Test
Steels Methods A 751.
E 280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (4 ⁄2 to 5.2 Heat Analysis— An analysis of each heat shall be made
12-in. (114 to 305-mm)) Steel Castings by the manufacturer to determine the percentages of the
E 340 Test Method for Macroetching Metals and Alloys elements specified. The analysis shall be made from a test
E 446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings up to 2 in. sample preferably taken during the pouring of the heat. When
(51 mm) in Thickness drillings are used, they shall be taken not less than ⁄4 in. [6.4
E 709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination mm] beneath the surface. The chemical composition thus
2.2 ANSI Standard: determined shall be reported to the purchaser, or his represen-
B16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings tative, and shall conform to the requirements in the individual
2.3 ASME Standard: specification for the grade being poured.
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, NB- 5.3 Product Analysis— A product analysis may be made by
2546 the purchaser from material representing each heat, lot, or
2.4 Standards of the Manufacturer’s Standardization Soci- casting. The analysis shall be made on representative material.
ety of the Valve and Fitting Industry: Due to the possibility of decarburization, carbon and alloy steel
MSS SP 53 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, samples for carbon analysis shall be taken no closer than ⁄4 in.
Flanges and Fittings, and Other Piping Components (Dry [6.4 mm] to a cast surface except that castings too thin for this
Powder Magnetic Particle Inspection Method) shall be analyzed on representative material. The chemical
MSS SP 54 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, composition thus determined shall meet the requirements
Flanges and Fittings, and Other Piping Components (Ra- specified in the applicable specification for the grade involved,
diographic Inspection Method) or shall be subject to rejection by the purchaser, except that the
chemical composition determined for carbon and low-alloy
3. Terminology
steel castings may vary from the specified limits by the
3.1 Definitions:
amounts shown in Table 1. The product analysis tolerances of
3.1.1 The definitions in Test Methods and Definitions A 370
Table 1 are not applicable as acceptance criteria for heat
and Terminology A 919 are applicable to this specification and
analysis by the casting manufacturer.
those listed in 1.1.
5.4 Unspecified Elements—When chemical analysis for el-
3.1.2 chaplet,, n—a chaplet is a metallic support placed in a
ements not specified for the grade ordered is desired, Supple-
mold cavity to maintain the spacing between a core and the
mentary Requirement S1 may be specified.
mold.
5.4.1 Grade substitution for stainless and nickel base alloy
3.1.3 electronic data interchange (EDI),, n— the computer-
castings is not permitted. Grade substitution occurs when the
to-computer exchange of business information in a standard
material supplied: (1) contains an element, other the nitrogen,
format such as ANSI ASC X12.
that is not specified in the ordered grade, and (2) the amount of
3.1.4 heat,, n—all the molten metal poured from a single
that element equals or exceeds the minimum requirement for
furnace or all the molten metal from two or more furnaces
the element in another grade for which it is specified. For this
poured into a single ladle or casting prior to the replenishing of
requirement, a grade is defined as an alloy described individu-
the furnace(s).
ally in a table of chemical requirements within any specifica-
3.1.5 internal chill,, n—an internal chill is a metallic device
tion listed within the Scope of this section.
placed in a mold cavity to increase the rate of heat removal at
5.5 The substitution of a grade or composition different
that location.
from that specified by the purchaser is prohibited.
5.6 Where more than one ladle is poured into a single
4. Materials and Manufacture
casting, the molten metal in each ladle must conform to the
4.1 Melting Process— The steel shall be made by open-
specified chemical requirements.
hearth or electric-furnace process, with or without separate
refining such as argon-oxygen-decarburization (AOD), unless
6. Mechanical Test Methods
otherwise designated by the individual specification.
6.1 All mechanical tests shall be conducted in accordance
4.2 Heat Treatment— Ferritic and martensitic steel shall be
with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
cooled after pouring to provide substantially complete trans-
formation of austenite prior to heat treatment to enhance
7. Tensile Requirements
mechanical properties.
7.1 One tension test shall be made from each heat, and shall
5. Chemical Composition
conform to the tensile requirements specified. Test bars shall be
poured in special blocks from the same heat as the castings
5.1 Chemical Analysis—Chemical analysis of materials
represented, except that for investment castings the test speci-
7 mens shall be cast in the same type of mold as the castings.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd St., 13th
Floor, New York, NY 10036.
9 11
Available from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 E. 47th St., Information on the relationship of mechanical properties determined on test
New York, NY 10017. coupons obtained as specified in 7.1 and 7.4 with those obtained from the casting
Available from the Manufacturers’ Standardization Society of the Valve and may be found in “The Steel Castings Handbook,” Fifth Edition, Steel Founders’
Fittings Industry, 127 Park St. NE, Vienna, VA 22180. Society of America, 1980, pp. 15–35 through 15–43.
A 703/A 703M
TABLE 1 Product Analysis Tolerances for Carbon and Low-Alloy
7.4 Investment Castings—For investment castings, the
Steels
specimens may be cast to shape or machined from blocks to
B,C
Tolerances over max or
A dimensions in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions
Element Range
under min, Limit, %
A 370 or the ICI bar shown in Fig. 1.
Carbon (C) up to 0.65 % 0.03 3%C + 0.02
L
7.5 Other Castings— Unless otherwise specified by the
above 0.65 % 0.04 %
purchaser, test coupons may be cast integrally with the castings
Manganese (Mn) up to 1 % 0.08 3%Mn + 0.01
L
above 1 % 0.09
or as separate blocks in accordance with Fig. 2 and Table 2,
Silicon (Si) up to 0.60 % 0.22 3%Si − 0.01
L
with Fig. 3, or with Fig. 4, except when Supplementary
above 0.60 % 0.15 %
Requirement S26 is specified. The test coupon in Fig. 4 shall be
Phosphorus (P) all 0.13 3%P + 0.005
L
Sulfur (S) all 0.36 3%S + 0.001
L employed only for austenitic alloy castings with cross sections
Nickel (Ni) up to 2 % 0.10 3%Ni + 0.03
L 1
less than 2 ⁄2 in. [63.5 mm]. Tension test coupons shall be
above 2 % 0.25 %
machined or ground to the form and dimension shown in Fig.
Chromium (Cr) up to 2 % 0.07 3%Cr + 0.04
L
above 2% 0.18 %
6 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
Molybdenum (Mo) up to 0.6 % 0.04 3%Mo + 0.03
L
7.6 If any specimen shows defective machining or develops
above 0.6 % 0.06 %
flaws, it may be discarded and another substituted from the
Vanadium (V) up to 0.25 % 0.23 3%V + 0.004
L
above 0.25 % 0.06 %
same heat.
Tungsten (W) up to 0.10 % 0.08 3%W + 0.02
L
7.7 To determine conformance with the tension test require-
above 0.10 % 0.02 %
Copper (Cu) up to 0.15 % 0.18 3%Cu + 0.02 ments, an observed value or calculated value shall be rounded
L
above 0.15 % 0.05 %
off in accordance with Practice E 29 to the nearest 500 psi [5
Aluminum (Al) up to 0.10 % 0.08 3 %Al + 0.02
L
MPa] for yield and tensile strength and to the nearest 1 % for
above 0.10 % 0.03 %
elongation and reduction of area.
A
The range denotes the composition limits up to which the tolerances are
computed by the equation, and above which the tolerances are given by a
8. Repair by Welding
constant.
B
The subscript for the elements in each equation indicates that the limits of the
L
8.1 Repair by welding shall be in accordance with the
element specified by the applicable specification are to be inserted into the
requirements of individual specification using procedures and
equation to calculate the tolerance for the upper limit and the lower limit, if
applicable, respectively. Examples of computing tolerances are presented in the welders qualified in accordance with Practice A 488/A 488M.
footnote C.
C
To compute the tolerances, consider the manganese limits 0.50 − 80 % of
9. Flanges
Grade WC4 of Specification A 217/A 217M. According to Table 1, the maximum
9.1 When a flange from a flanged casting is removed to
permissible deviation of a product analysis below the lower limit 0.50 is 0.05 % 5
(0.08 3 0.50 + 0.01). The lowest acceptable product analysis of Grade WC4,
make a weld end casting, discontinuities may be observed that
therefore, is 0.45 %. Similarly, the maximum permissible deviation above the
would not have been detrimental in a flanged casting. The
upper limit of 0.80 % is 0.074 % 5 (0.08 3 0.80 + 0.01). The highest acceptable
product analysis of Grade WC4, therefore, is 0.874. For Grade WCC of Specifi- disposition of the casting shall be subject to agreement between
cation A 216/A 216M, the maximum manganese content is 1.20 % if the carbon
the purchaser and manufacturer.
content is 0.20 %. In this case, the highest acceptable product analysis is 1.29 5
(1.20 + 0.09).
10. Quality
10.1 The surface of the casting shall be free of adhering
7.2 The bar from which the test specimen is taken shall be sand, scale, cracks, and hot tears as determined by visual
heat treated in production furnaces to
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