ASTM D2319-98(2003)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Pitch (Cube-in-Air Method)
Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Pitch (Cube-in-Air Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Pitch does not go through a solid-liquid phase change when heated and therefore does not have a true melting point. As the temperature is raised, pitch softens and becomes less viscous. The softening point is arbitrarily defined and must be determined by a closely controlled method that must be carefully followed if test results are to be reproducible.
This test method is useful in determining the consistency of pitch as one element in establishing the uniformity of shipments and sources of supply.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the softening point above 176°F (80°C) of pitch. Test Method D 3104 gives comparable results.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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An American National Standard
Designation:D2319–98 (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Test Method for
Softening Point of Pitch (Cube-in-Air Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2319; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.2 This test method is useful in determining the consis-
tency of pitch as one element in establishing the uniformity of
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the soft-
shipments and sources of supply.
ening point above 176°F (80°C) of pitch. Test Method D 3104
gives comparable results.
5. Apparatus
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
5.1 AirOven—Theovenshallbecylindrical,150mm(6in.)
standard.
in inside diameter by 155 mm (6.2 in.) in height. It shall have
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
two 75 mm (3-in.) diameter windows of mica, centered
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
vertically on opposite sides, and shall be fitted with a cover
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
having a central opening 25 mm (1 in.) in diameter to hold a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
thermometer,andaconcentricringsuspendedbelowtosupport
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the hooks with attached specimens. The ring shall be made of
1 1
2. Referenced Documents 6mm( ⁄4-in.) brass, shall be 54 mm (2 ⁄8 in.) in outside
diameter, and shall be centrally suspended 30 mm (1.2 in.)
2.1 ASTM Standards:
below the cover. The cover shall have two 3 mm (0.12-in.)
D61 Test Method for Softening Point of Pitches (Cube-in-
holes on a diagonal 50 mm (2 in.) from the center. On the
Water Method)
bottom of the oven, an inner pan 140 mm (5.6 in.) in diameter
D 3104 Test Method for Softening Point of Pitches (Mettler
shall rest on three brass legs 5 mm (0.2 in.) in height fastened
Softening Point Method)
to the bottom of the pan to provide an air space between the
D 4296 Practice for Sampling Pitch
pan and the bottom of the oven. The side wall, cover, and pan
E1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
shall be made of 0.7 mm (0.028 in.) thick or 22-gage (BWG)
3. Summary of Test Method copper sheet, and the bottom of 0.8 mm (0.032 in.) thick or
21-gage copper.
3.1 Two cubes of pitch, supported on wire hooks, are heated
5.2 Tripod for Use with Gas Burner—The tripod ring shall
in a standardized air oven at a linear rate. The softening point
be approximately 125 mm (5 in.) in inside diameter so that the
is the mean of the temperatures at which the cubes sag
oven is supported only on its outer edges. It shall be 200 mm
downwards a distance of 60 mm (2.4 in.).
(8 in.) in height.
4. Significance and Use
5.3 Shield for Oven:
5.3.1 For Use with Electric Heater—The shield shall be
4.1 Pitch does not go through a solid-liquid phase change
cylindrical, 216 mm or (8.64 in.) in inside diameter by 181 mm
when heated and therefore does not have a true melting point.
or (7 ⁄4 in.) in height. It shall have two 76 mm or (3-in.)
As the temperature is raised, pitch softens and becomes less
diameter mica windows on opposite sides, positioned to
viscous. The softening point is arbitrarily defined and must be
coincidewiththewindowsoftheovenwhenbothareplacedon
determined by a closely controlled method that must be
the electric heater. It shall be made of 0.7 mm (0.028 in.) thick
carefully followed if test results are to be reproducible.
or 22-gage sheet metal, painted inside and out with aluminum
paint.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material. The sole source of supply of the softening point apparatus items, obtainable as
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2003. Published November 2003. Originally a unit on special order, known to the committee at this time is Humboldt
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 2319–98. Manufacturing Co., 7302 W. Agatite Ave., Chicago, IL 60656. If you are aware of
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on responsible technical committee, which you may attend. All other apparatus items
the ASTM website. described may be obtained from any regular laboratory equipment supply house.
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D2319–98 (2003)
5.3.2 For Use with Gas Burner—The shield shall be iden- observed softening point. Use an excess of pitch to allow for
tical with that described in 5.3.1 except that it shall be 375 mm shrinkage on cooling. Cool in the mold until firm, and remove
(15 in.) in height and the windows shall coincide when the the surplus by drawing the heated blade of a putty-knife or
shield is standing on the bench and the oven on the tripod spatula across the surface of the mold so that the cubes are
1 1
described in 5.2. A door 115 by 115 mm (4 ⁄2 by 4 ⁄2 in). shall pressed into the cavities. Open the mold and remove the cubes
be provided at the bottom to give access to the burner. carefully. Inspect each specimen for possible cracks or bubbles
5.4 Mold—A mold suitable for forming two 12.7 mm and reject any which are imperfect. To reduce the risk of
( ⁄2-in.) cubes of pitch, having cylindrical core pins 12 gage cracking,themoldmaybeheatedtoatemperature50°C(90°F)
(2.05 to 2.07 mm) in diameter located in the base plate of the below the expected softening point before the specimens are
assembly to produce accurately centered suspension holes in poured.
the cubes. See Fig. 1 of Test MethodD61 for details. 8.3 Place two cubes of pitch on hooks, as shown in Fig. 1 of
5.5 Hooks—Two L-shaped hooks made of 2.06 mm or Test Method D61, warming the hooks slightly if necessary.
12-gage copper wire. The foot of the hook shall be 25 mm (1 The foot of the hook passes through the center of two opposite
in.) in length and at a right angle to the upright portion for faces, while the other four shall be at an angle of 45° to the
insertion into the central hole of the pitch cube. The upright hori
...
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