ASTM D2861-87(2004)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Flexible Composites of Copper Foil with Dielectric Film or Treated Fabrics
Standard Test Methods for Flexible Composites of Copper Foil with Dielectric Film or Treated Fabrics
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The electrical and mechanical characteristics of circuits produced from flexible composites of copper foil with dielectric materials will to a large extent depend on the properties of the dielectric portion of the composite. Measurement of these properties is essential for predicting performance of the circuit.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing flexible materials consisting of copper foil combined with either dielectric film or with treated or impregnated fabric to form flexible composites used in the manufacture of flexible or multilayer circuitry, or both.
1.2 The procedures appear as follows:ASTMReferenceProcedureSectionMethodConditioningFlex Life of the CompositePeel Strength of the CompositeSpecimen Preparation D 1825Strain Relief Due to Etching Testing of the Dielectric Portion ofthe CompositeD 1825,D 2305,D 902
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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An American National Standard
Designation:D2861–87(Reapproved 2004)
Standard Test Methods for
Flexible Composites of Copper Foil with Dielectric Film or
Treated Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2861; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1825 Practice for Etching and Cleaning Copper-Clad
Electrical Insulating Materials and Thermosetting Lami-
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing flexible
nates for Electrical Testing
materials consisting of copper foil combined with either
D2305 Test Methods for Polymeric Films Used for Electri-
dielectric film or with treated or impregnated fabric to form
cal Insulation
flexible composites used in the manufacture of flexible or
D6054 Practice for Conditioning Electrical Insulating Ma-
multilayer circuitry, or both.
terials for Testing
1.2 The procedures appear as follows:
ASTM
3. Terminology
Reference
Procedure Section Method
3.1 Definitions: For definitions of terms used in this stan-
Conditioning 5
dard, refer to Terminology D1711.
Flex Life of the Composite 20-25
Peel Strength of the Composite 11-19
4. Selection of Test Specimens
Specimen Preparation 6 D1825
Strain Relief Due to Etching 26-32
4.1 Select specimens for test from portions of material that
Testing of the Dielectric Portion of
are free of obvious defects, unless the purpose of the test is to
the Composite 7-10 D1825,
D2305,
evaluate these defects.
D902
5. Conditioning
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for 5.1 Unless otherwise specified, conduct all conditioning and
information only. testing in the standard laboratory atmosphere specified in
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the Practice D6054. Condition specimens at least 18 h before
testing.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6. Specimen Preparation
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.1 Prepare specimens by etching without scrubbing, using
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Practice D1825. The etching reagents described in Practice
2. Referenced Documents
D1825 may be incompatible with some composite materials.
2.1 ASTM Standards: The use of other reagents should be noted in the report for the
test involved.
D902 Test Methods for Flexible Resin-Coated Glass Fab-
rics and Glass Fabric Tapes Used for Electrical Insulation
TESTING OF THE DIELECTRIC PORTION OF THE
D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
COMPOSITE
7. Significance and Use
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of
7.1 The electrical and mechanical characteristics of circuits
Subcommittee D09.07 on Flexible and Rigid Insulating Materials.
produced from flexible composites of copper foil with dielec-
Current edition approved Feb. 27, 1987. Published April 1987. Originally
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 1987 as D2861 – 82. DOI: tric materials will to a large extent depend on the properties of
10.1520/D2861-87R04.
the dielectric portion of the composite. Measurement of these
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
properties is essential for predicting performance of the circuit.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D2861–87 (2004)
8. Test Specimen 12. Apparatus
8.1 Take specimens as required from a sample that has been 12.1 Force-Measuring Instrument—Astrain gage, dial-type
etched free of copper foil in accordance with Section 6. Take
force meter, or similar instrument sensitive to 0.05 lbf (0.2 N).
the thickness from the material that remains after etching.
12.2 Chart Recorder (optional)—recording instrument ca-
pable of converting the force measured in 12.1 to a graphical
9. Procedure
record.
9.1 If the dielectric portion of the composite is a film, use
12.3 Peeling Mechanism—A device capable of peeling the
the procedures described in Test Methods D2305. copper from the dielectric at an angle of 90° to the specimen at
9.2 If the dielectric portion of the composite is a treated
a rate of 2 6 0.1 in. (50 6 3 mm)/min.
fabric, use the procedures described in Test Methods D902.
12.4 Specimen Holder—A device for clamping the speci-
men flat and in the correct position for testing with a minimum
10. Precision and Bias
of the dielectric left unsupported. A device equivalent to that
shown in Fig. 1 is required.
10.1 Thistestmethodhasbeeninuseformanyyears,butno
statement of precision has been available and no activity is
13. Test Specimen
planned to develop such a statement.Astatement of bias is not
applicable in view of the lack of a standard reference material
13.1 Unless otherwise specified, prepare the test specimens
for this property.
to be a 2.5-in. (62-mm) square of the composite on which the
pattern shown in Fig. 2 is etched in accordance with Section 6.
PEEL STRENGTH OF THE COMPOSITE
The dielectric portion may be trimmed to conveniently fit the
apparatus being used.
11. Significance and Use
13.2 Orient the pattern so that the long direction of the
11.1 Thepeelstrengthbetweencopperfoilandthedielectric
copper strips is either machine direction or cross-machine
material determines to what degree the composite can with-
direction as required.
stand processing and remain intact during service.
11.2 Flexible composites generally require more elaborate
14. Method A—Clamped Between Plates
means for proper support during peel testing than do rigid,
14.1 Clamp the test specimen between the plates as shown
copper-clad laminates. The selection of the proper procedure
in Fig. 1. Mount the plate horizontally.
will depend on the nature of the composite being tested, as
14.2 Carefully initiate the removal of each of the copper
shown by the following methods:
strips by lifting the ⁄2-in. (13-mm) land and peeling back to
11.2.1 Method A, Clamped Between Plates— This test
about 1 in. (25 mm).
method is generally used when the material tested is not so
14.3 Attach the free end of the strip to the force indicator by
flexible or slippery that it allows the substrate to deflect during
means of a clamp equipped with knurled jaws and a chain. Peel
the test.
the strip the remaining 1-in. (25-mm) length at a rate of 2.0 6
11.2.2 Method B, Using Adhesive Tape— This test method
0.1 in. (50 6 3 mm)/min. Repeat for each copper strip.
is used principally for its convenience, but is limited to cases
14.4 Determine the average peel force for each strip as
where the peel strength of the material is not so great as to
follows:
allow lifting of the substrate from the plate during removal of
the copper. 14.4.1 If a recording instrument is used, determine the
average peel force by the midpoint of a straight line that best
11.2.3 Method C, Free-turning Drum—This test method is
fits the chart record.
alsoprimarilyusedforitsconvenience,andisapplicablewhere
it is desired to prevent lifting of the dielectric material from the
14.4.2 If no recording instrument is used, take a visual
plate during removal of the copper. reading every 5 s during the peeling and average the readings.
FIG. 1 Device for Holding Peel Specimen for Method A
D2861–87 (2004)
FIG. 2 Peel Strength Test Specimen
15. Method B—Using Adhesive Tape
15.1 Attach the test specimen to a flat surface using a
suitably backed pressure-sensitive adhesive tape. Mount the
surface horizontally. Apply the tape in such manner it extends
at least 0.2 in. (5 mm) beyond the edges of the copper strip,
taking care to avoid the inclusion of dirt or air bubbles.
15.2 Initiate removal of the copper strip and peel in accor-
dance with the procedure of 14.3 and determine the average
peel force in accordance with 14.4.
16. Method C—Free-Turning Drum
16.1 Select a test specimen 2.5 in. (62 mm) wide by 10 in.
(250 mm) lon
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