ASTM D2861-87(2009)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Flexible Composites of Copper Foil with Dielectric Film or Treated Fabrics
Standard Test Methods for Flexible Composites of Copper Foil with Dielectric Film or Treated Fabrics
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The electrical and mechanical characteristics of circuits produced from flexible composites of copper foil with dielectric materials will to a large extent depend on the properties of the dielectric portion of the composite. Measurement of these properties is essential for predicting performance of the circuit.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing flexible materials consisting of copper foil combined with either dielectric film or with treated or impregnated fabric to form flexible composites used in the manufacture of flexible or multilayer circuitry, or both.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D2861 − 87(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Methods for
Flexible Composites of Copper Foil with Dielectric Film or
Treated Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2861; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope trical Insulating Materials and Thermosetting Laminates
for Electrical Testing (Withdrawn 2012)
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing flexible
D2305 Test Methods for Polymeric Films Used for Electri-
materials consisting of copper foil combined with either
cal Insulation
dielectric film or with treated or impregnated fabric to form
D6054 Practice for Conditioning Electrical Insulating Mate-
flexible composites used in the manufacture of flexible or
rials for Testing (Withdrawn 2012)
multilayer circuitry, or both.
1.2 The procedures appear as follows:
3. Terminology
ASTM
3.1 Definitions: For definitions of terms used in this
Reference
standard, refer to Terminology D1711.
Procedure Section Method
Conditioning 5
Flex Life of the Composite 20–25
4. Selection of Test Specimens
Peel Strength of the Composite 11–19
Specimen Preparation 6 D1825
4.1 Select specimens for test from portions of material that
Strain Relief Due to Etching 26–32
are free of obvious defects, unless the purpose of the test is to
Testing of the Dielectric Portion of 7 – 10 D1825,
the Composite D2305, evaluate these defects.
D902
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded 5. Conditioning
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
5.1 Unless otherwise specified, conduct all conditioning and
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
testing in the standard laboratory atmosphere specified in
and are not considered standard.
Practice D6054. Condition specimens at least 18 h before
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
testing.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 6. Specimen Preparation
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.1 Prepare specimens by etching without scrubbing, using
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Practice D1825. The etching reagents described in Practice
D1825 may be incompatible with some composite materials.
2. Referenced Documents
The use of other reagents should be noted in the report for the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
test involved.
D902 Test Methods for Flexible Resin-Coated Glass Fabrics
TESTING OF THE DIELECTRIC PORTION OF THE
and Glass Fabric Tapes Used for Electrical Insulation
COMPOSITE
D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
D1825 Practice for Etching and Cleaning Copper-Clad Elec-
7. Significance and Use
7.1 The electrical and mechanical characteristics of circuits
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on
produced from flexible composites of copper foil with dielec-
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of
tric materials will to a large extent depend on the properties of
Subcommittee D09.07 on Flexible and Rigid Insulating Materials.
the dielectric portion of the composite. Measurement of these
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published February 2010. Originally
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D2861 – 87(2004).
properties is essential for predicting performance of the circuit.
DOI: 10.1520/D2861-87R09.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D2861 − 87 (2009)
8. Test Specimen 12. Apparatus
8.1 Take specimens as required from a sample that has been 12.1 Force-Measuring Instrument—A strain gage, dial-type
etched free of copper foil in accordance with Section 6. Take
force meter, or similar instrument sensitive to 0.05 lbf (0.2 N).
the thickness from the material that remains after etching.
12.2 Chart Recorder (optional)—recording instrument ca-
pable of converting the force measured in 12.1 to a graphical
9. Procedure
record.
9.1 If the dielectric portion of the composite is a film, use
12.3 Peeling Mechanism—A device capable of peeling the
the procedures described in Test Methods D2305.
copper from the dielectric at an angle of 90° to the specimen at
9.2 If the dielectric portion of the composite is a treated
a rate of 2 6 0.1 in. (50 6 3 mm)/min.
fabric, use the procedures described in Test Methods D902.
12.4 Specimen Holder—A device for clamping the speci-
10. Precision and Bias men flat and in the correct position for testing with a minimum
of the dielectric left unsupported. A device equivalent to that
10.1 Thistestmethodhasbeeninuseformanyyears,butno
shown in Fig. 1 is required.
statement of precision has been available and no activity is
planned to develop such a statement.Astatement of bias is not
13. Test Specimen
applicable in view of the lack of a standard reference material
for this property.
13.1 Unless otherwise specified, prepare the test specimens
to be a 2.5-in. (62-mm) square of the composite on which the
PEEL STRENGTH OF THE COMPOSITE
pattern shown in Fig. 2 is etched in accordance with Section 6.
The dielectric portion may be trimmed to conveniently fit the
11. Significance and Use
apparatus being used.
11.1 Thepeelstrengthbetweencopperfoilandthedielectric
13.2 Orient the pattern so that the long direction of the
material determines to what degree the composite can with-
copper strips is either machine direction or cross-machine
stand processing and remain intact during service.
direction as required.
11.2 Flexible composites generally require more elaborate
means for proper support during peel testing than do rigid,
14. Method A—Clamped Between Plates
copper-clad laminates. The selection of the proper procedure
14.1 Clamp the test specimen between the plates as shown
will depend on the nature of the composite being tested, as
in Fig. 1. Mount the plate horizontally.
shown by the following methods:
11.2.1 Method A, Clamped Between Plates— This test
14.2 Carefully initiate the removal of each of the copper
method is generally used when the material tested is not so
strips by lifting the ⁄2-in. (13-mm) land and peeling back to
flexible or slippery that it allows the substrate to deflect during
about 1 in. (25 mm).
the test.
14.3 Attach the free end of the strip to the force indicator by
11.2.2 Method B, UsingAdhesive Tape—Thistestmethodis
means of a clamp equipped with knurled jaws and a chain. Peel
used principally for its convenience, but is limited to cases
the strip the remaining 1-in. (25-mm) length at a rate of 2.0 6
where the peel strength of the material is not so great as to
0.1 in. (50 6 3 mm)/min. Repeat for each copper strip.
allow lifting of the substrate from the plate during removal of
the copper. 14.4 Determine the average peel force for each strip as
11.2.3 Method C, Free-turning Drum—This test method is follows:
alsoprimarilyusedforitsconvenience,andisapplicablewhere 14.4.1 If a recording instrument is used, determine the
it is desired to prevent lifting of the dielectric material from the average peel force by the midpoint of a straight line that best
plate during removal of the copper. fits the chart record.
FIG. 1 Device for Holding Peel Specimen for Method A
D2861 − 87 (2009)
FIG. 2 Peel Strength Test Specimen
14.4.2 If no recording instrument is used, take a visual
reading every 5 s during the peeling and average the readings.
15. Method B—Using Adhesive Tape
15.1 Attach the test specimen to a flat surface using a
suitably backed pressure-sensitive adhesive tape. Mount the
surface horizontally. Apply the tape in such manner it extends
at least 0.2 in. (5 mm) beyond the edges of the copper strip,
taking care to avoid the inclusion of dirt or air bubbles.
15.2 Initiate removal of the copper strip and peel in accor-
dance with the procedure of 14.3 and determine the average
peel force in accordance with 14.4.
16. Method C—Free-Turning Drum
16.1 Select a test specimen 2.5 in. (62 mm) wide by 10 in.
(250 mm) long. W
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