ASTM D6768/D6768M-04(2015)e2
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method may be used for the acceptance testing of commercial shipments of GCLs but caution is advised since information about between-laboratory precision is incomplete. Comparative tests as directed in 5.1.1 may be advisable.
5.1.1 In cases of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance of shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias. The two parties should take a group of test samples that are as homogeneous as possible and which are from the lot of material in question.
5.2 Some modification of clamping techniques may be necessary for a given GCL depending upon its structure. Specimen clamping may be modified as required at the discretion of the individual laboratory providing a representative tensile strength is obtained. In any event, the procedure described in Section 10 of this test method for obtaining tensile strength must be maintained.
5.3 This test method is applicable for testing GCLs as received. It is used with a constant rate of extension type tension apparatus.
SCOPE
1.1 The test method establishes the procedures for the measurement of tensile strength of Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL). This test method is strictly an index test method to be used to verify the tensile strength of GCLs. Results from this test method should not be considered as an indication of actual or long-term performance of the geosynthetic(s) in field applications.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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´2
Designation: D6768/D6768M − 04 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Tensile Strength of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6768/D6768M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Units information was corrected editorially in February 2015.
ε NOTE—Footnote 1 was corrected editorially in July 2015.
1. Scope D5889Practice for Quality Control of Geosynthetic Clay
Liners
1.1 The test method establishes the procedures for the
D6072/D6072MPractice for Obtaining Samples of Geosyn-
measurement of tensile strength of Geosynthetic Clay Liner
thetic Clay Liners
(GCL). This test method is strictly an index test method to be
used to verify the tensile strength of GCLs. Results from this
3. Terminology
test method should not be considered as an indication of actual
3.1 geosynthetic, n—a product manufactured wholly or in
or long-term performance of the geosynthetic(s) in field
part from polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or
applications.
other geotechnical engineering related material as an integral
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
part of a project, structure, or system. D4439
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3.2 geosynthetic clay liner, n—a manufactured hydraulic
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
barrier consisting of clay bonded to a layer or layers of
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
geosynthetic material(s).
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard.
3.3 For terminology of other terms used in this test method,
refer to Terminologies D123 and D4439.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials,
operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
4. Summary of Test Method
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
4.1 A 100 mm [4-in.] wide specimen is gripped across its
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
entirewidthintheclampsofaconstantrateofextension(CRE)
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
type tensile testing machine operated at a prescribed rate of
extension, applying a longitudinal force to the specimen until
2. Referenced Documents
the specimen ruptures.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
D76/D76MSpecification for Tensile Testing Machines for
Textiles
5.1 This test method may be used for the acceptance testing
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
of commercial shipments of GCLs but caution is advised since
D2905Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens for
information about between-laboratory precision is incomplete.
Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
Comparative tests as directed in 5.1.1 may be advisable.
D4439Terminology for Geosynthetics
5.1.1 In cases of a dispute arising from differences in
reportedtestresultswhenusingthistestmethodforacceptance
of shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias. The
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosyn-
two parties should take a group of test samples that are as
thetic Clay Liners.
homogeneous as possible and which are from the lot of
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2015. Published February 2015. Originally
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D6768–04 (2009).
material in question.
DOI: 10.1520/D6768_D6768M-04R15E02.
5.2 Some modification of clamping techniques may be
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
necessary for a given GCL depending upon its structure.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Specimen clamping may be modified as required at the
the ASTM website.
discretion of the individual laboratory providing a representa-
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. tive tensile strength is obtained. In any event, the procedure
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´2
D6768/D6768M − 04 (2015)
describedinSection10ofthistestmethodforobtainingtensile observed 25 mm [1 in.] extend past the clamp. The specimen
strength must be maintained. lengthinthemachinedirectionmustbeparalleltothedirection
of application of force.
5.3 This test method is applicable for testing GCLs as
received. It is used with a constant rate of extension type 9.4 Measurement of Tensile Strength—Start the tensile test-
tension apparatus. ing machine.
9.4.1 Continue testing the specimen until complete rupture
6. Apparatus
and record the maximum tensile force of the GCL.
9.4.2 Readings of force and time shall be taken at a
6.1 Tensile Testing Machine, a constant rate of extension
minimum rate of 20 readings per second.
(CRE) type of testing machine described in Specification
9.4.3 If a specimen slips in the jaws, or if for any reason
D76/D76Mshallbeusedwithaminimumprecisionmeasuring
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attributable to faulty operation the results fall significantly
capability of 0.1 N/m [5.71 × 10 lbf/in.].
below the average for the set of specimens, discard the results
6.2 Clamps, the clamps shall be a minimum 25 by 100 mm
and test another specimen. Continue until the require
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´2
Designation: D6768/D6768M − 04 (Reapproved 2015) D6768/D6768M − 04 (Reapproved
´2
2015)
Standard Test Method for
Tensile Strength of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6768/D6768M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Units information was editorially corrected editorially in February 2015.
ε NOTE—Footnote 1 was corrected editorially in July 2015.
1. Scope
1.1 The test method establishes the procedures for the measurement of tensile strength of Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL). This
test method is strictly an index test method to be used to verify the tensile strength of GCLs. Results from this test method should
not be considered as an indication of actual or long-term performance of the geosynthetic(s) in field applications.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all
of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate
safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D76/D76M Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens for Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
D5889 Practice for Quality Control of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
D6072/D6072M Practice for Obtaining Samples of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
3. Terminology
3.1 geosynthetic, n—a product manufactured wholly or in part from polymeric material used with soil, rock, earth, or other
geotechnical engineering related material as an integral part of a project, structure, or system. D4439
3.2 geosynthetic clay liner, n—a manufactured hydraulic barrier consisting of clay bonded to a layer or layers of geosynthetic
material(s).
3.3 For terminology of other terms used in this test method, refer to Terminologies D123 and D4439.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A 100 mm [4-in.] wide specimen is gripped across its entire width in the clamps of a constant rate of extension (CRE) type
tensile testing machine operated at a prescribed rate of extension, applying a longitudinal force to the specimen until the specimen
ruptures.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic Clay
Liners.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009Jan. 15, 2015. Published February 2015. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D6768–04 (2009).
DOI: 10.1520/D6768_D6768M-04R15E01.10.1520/D6768_D6768M-04R15E02.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´2
D6768/D6768M − 04 (2015)
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method may be used for the acceptance testing of commercial shipments of GCLs but caution is advised since
information about between-laboratory precision is incomplete. Comparative tests as directed in 5.1.1 may be advisable.
5.1.1 In cases of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance of
shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias. The two parties
should take a group of test samples that are as homogeneous as possible and which are from the lot of material in question.
5.2 Some modification of clamping techniques may be necessary for a given GCL depending upon its structure. Specimen
clamping may be modified as required at the discretion of the individual laboratory providing a representative tensile strength is
obtained. In any event, the procedure described in Section 10 of this test method for obtaining tensile strength must be maintained.
5.3 This test method is applicable for testing GCLs as received. It is used with a constant rate of extension type tension
apparatus.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Tensile Testing Machine, a constant rate of extension (CRE) type of testing machine described in Specification D76/D76M
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shall be used with a minimum precision measuring capability of 0.1 N/m [5.71 × 10 lbf/in.].
6.2 Clamps, the clamps shall be a minimum 25 by 100 mm [1 by 4 in.] and with appropriate clamping power to prevent slipping
or crushing (damage).
6.3 Die or Template, 100 by 200 mm (61 mm) [4 by 8 in. (60.04 in.)].
6.4 Miscellaneous, knives, razor, etc, as required.
7. Sampling and Test Specimens
7.1 Lot Sample—For the lot sample, take rolls of GCLs as directed in an applicable material specification, Practice D5889, or
as agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.
7.2 Laboratory Sample—For the laboratory sample, sample shall be taken in accordance with Practice D6072/D6072M. The
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