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ASTM D8364/D8364M-21

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Geosynthetic Cementitious Composite Mat (GCCM) Materials

Standard Specification for Geosynthetic Cementitious Composite Mat (GCCM) Materials

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements and properties for geosynthetic cementitious composite mat materials, or GCCM materials, in various applications. The applications where GCCM materials are utilized shall have different required physical properties, which this standard describes.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Feb-2021
ICS
59.080.70 - Geotextiles
Technical Committee
D35 - Geosynthetics
Drafting Committee
D35.06 - Geosynthetic Specifications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D6768/D6768M-20 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Geosynthetic Clay Liners
Effective Date
01-May-2020
Refers
ASTM C1353/C1353M-20 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Dimension Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic Using a Rotary Platform Abraser
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020
Refers
ASTM C1353/C1353M-20e1 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Dimension Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic Using a Rotary Platform Abraser
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020

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ASTM D8364/D8364M-21 - Standard Specification for Geosynthetic Cementitious Composite Mat (GCCM) MaterialsASTM D8364/D8364M-21 - Standard Specification for Geosynthetic Cementitious Composite Mat (GCCM) Materials
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ASTM D8364/D8364M-21 - Standard Specification for Geosynthetic Cementitious Composite Mat (GCCM) Materials
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D8364/D8364M −21
Standard Specification for
Geosynthetic Cementitious Composite Mat (GCCM)
1
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8364/D8364M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4759 Practice for Determining the Specification Confor-
mance of Geosynthetics
1.1 This specification covers the requirements and proper-
D4885 Test Method for Determining Performance Strength
ties for geosynthetic cementitious composite mat materials, or
of Geomembranes by the Wide Strip Tensile Method
GCCM materials, in various applications. The applications
D5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thickness
where GCCM materials are utilized shall have different re-
of Geosynthetics
quired physical properties, which this standard describes.
D5494 Test Method for the Determination of Pyramid Punc-
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
ture Resistance of Unprotected and Protected Geomem-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
branes
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
D5641/D5641M Practice for Geomembrane Seam Evalua-
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
tion by Vacuum Chamber
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
D5820 Practice for Pressurized Air Channel Evaluation of
with the standard.
Dual-Seamed Geomembranes
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the D5993 Test Method for Measuring Mass per Unit Area of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Geosynthetic Clay Liners
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- D6768/D6768M Test Method for Tensile Strength of Geo-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
synthetic Clay Liners
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. D7177/D7177M Specification forAir Channel Evaluation of
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Dual Track Seamed Geomem-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- branes
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
D8030/D8030M Practice for Sample Preparation for GCCM
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
D8058 Test Method for Determining the Flexural Strength
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical of a Geosynthetic Cementitious Composite Mat (GCCM)
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Using the Three-Point Bending Test
D8173 Guide for Site Preparation, Layout, Installation, and
2. Referenced Documents
Hydration of Geosynthetic Cementitious Composite Mats
2
D8329 Test Method for Determination of Water/
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Cementitious Materials Ratio for Geosynthetic Cementi-
C1185 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Non-
tious Composite Mats (GCCMs) and Measurement of the
Asbestos Fiber-Cement Flat Sheet, Roofing and Siding
Compression Strength of the Cementitious Material Con-
Shingles, and Clapboards
tained Within
C1353/C1353M Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of
Dimension Stone Subjected to FootTraffic Using a Rotary
Platform Abraser 3. Terminology
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms related to
geosynthetics, refer to Terminology D4439.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.06 on Geosyn-
3.2.1 cured, adj—a description of the state of a GCCM or
thetic Specifications.
cementitious mixture after hydration for a specific period of
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2021. Published March 2021. DOI: 10.1520/
D8364_D8364M-21.
timeandquantityofwaterunderspecifiedconditions,followed
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
by a period of time when the GCCM is kept under a specified
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
environmental condition during which the cementitious mate-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. rial continues to cure and develop compressive strength.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D8364/D8364M−21
3.2.2 uncured, adj—a description of the state of a GCCM or shall b
...

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5.1 Use of the SIM decreases the time required for creep to occur and the obtaining of the associated data.  
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1.1 This test method is used to determine the filtering efficiency and the flow rate of the filtration component of a sediment retention device, such as a silt fence, silt barrier, or inlet protector.  
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1.1 This test method is an index test used to measure the force required to continue or propagate a tear in woven or nonwoven geotextiles by the trapezoid method. While useful for quality control and acceptance testing, the trapezoid tear test does not provide all the information needed for all design applications and other test methods should be used.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to most geotextiles that include woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, layered fabrics, knit fabrics, and felts that are used for geotextile applications.  
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5.1 The significant opening size of geotextiles is usually determined using Test Method D4751, which involves sieving calibrated beads through specimens of the geotextile being evaluated. However, Test Method D4751 includes many risks of errors due to static electricity, precision of the glass beads, among other issues.5 This risk of error is even higher with knitted geotextiles which exhibit a very low tensile modulus. This test method is proposed as an alternate to Test Method D4751 using a nondestructive technique, where the stress conditions are controlled without manipulation of the specimen.  
5.2 This test method has been found to provide representative results for products exhibiting a planar structure, such as two-dimensional knits.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the pore size characteristics of geotextiles using an optical method and image analysis.  
1.2 This method has been developed for determination of the Image Opening Size (IOS) of knitted geotextiles by image analysis. Other properties may be obtained based on the pore size distribution.  
1.3 The applicability of this test method must be assessed on a product-by-product basis, as it requires light to pass through its thickness to provide a useful observation. As a general rule, the tested product must be thin. Example of products which cannot be tested using this test method is thick needle-punched nonwoven and woven with a complex three-dimensional structure.  
1.4 This test method shows values in both SI units and inch-pound units. SI units is the technically correct name for the system of metric units known as the International System of Units. Inch-pound units is the technically correct name for the customary units used in the United States. The values in inch-pound units are provided for information only.  
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ASTM D7852-23(Practice)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 With the increased use of geomembranes as a barrier material to restrict liquid migration from one location to another, a need has been created for standardized tests by which the continuity of the installed geomembrane, including the seams, can be evaluated. This practice is intended to meet such a need whenever the subgrade soil is nonconductive, or a geomembrane is installed on a nonconductive material.  
5.2 The use of a suitably conductive geotextile installed between a nonconductive soil or material and the geomembrane will permit electrical leak location survey to be conducted.  
5.3 The compatibility of a conductive geotextile and leak location equipment shall be assessed for each leak location technique considered (covered or exposed, when applicable). A realistic small-scale test shall have been conducted by the supplier of geotextile and/or leak detection equipment to demonstrate their mutual compatibility for a given leak detection technique.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard practice describes standard procedures for using a conductive geotextile with electrical methods to locate leaks in exposed geomembranes and geomembranes covered with water or earth materials containing moisture.  
1.2 This standard practice provides guidance for the use of appropriate conductive geotextile used in leak location surveys on geomembranes. This guide includes all types of conductive geotextiles with sufficient conductivity for the particular electrical leak location method. A conductive geotextile is applicable to all types of geoelectric surveys when there is otherwise not a conductive layer under the geomembrane.  
1.3 This standard practice is intended to ensure that leak location surveys can always be performed with a reasonable level of certainty. This standard practice provides guidance for the use of appropriate conductive geotextiles used in leak location surveys on geomembranes.  
1.4 Leak location surveys can be used on nonconductive geomembranes installed in basins, ponds, tanks, ore and waste pads, landfill cells, landfill caps, other containment facilities, and building applications such as in parking garages, decks, and green roofs. The procedures are applicable for geomembranes made of nonconductive materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, bituminous material, and other electrically insulating materials. Leak location surveys involving conductive or partially conductive geomembranes are not within the scope of this document.  
1.5 Warning—The electrical methods used for geomembrane leak location could use high voltages, resulting in the potential for electrical shock or electrocution. This hazard might be increased because operations might be conducted in or near water. In particular, a high voltage could exist between the water or earth material and earth ground, or any grounded conductor. These procedures are potentially VERY DANGEROUS, and can result in personal injury or death. Because of the high voltage that could be involved, and the shock or electrocution hazard, do not come in electrical contact with any leak unless the excitation power supply is turned off. The electrical methods used for geomembrane leak location should be attempted only by qualified and experienced personnel. Appropriate safety measures must be taken to protect the leak location operators as well as other people at the site.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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5.3 This test method is applicable to geogrid products with essentially symmetrical orthogonal or non-orthogonal ribs, yarns, or straps, that is, geogrids which are composed of ribs, yarns, or straps that are entangled through weaving or knitting, welded, bonded, or formed through drawing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is an index test which provides a procedure for determining the strength of an individual geogrid junction, also called a node. The test is configured such that a single rib is pulled from its junction with a rib(s) transverse to the test direction to obtain the maximum force, or strength of the junction. The procedure allows for the use of two different clamps with the appropriate clamp selected to minimize the influence of the clamping mechanism on the specific type of geogrid to be tested.  
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1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D7864/D7864M-15(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Aperture Stability Modulus of Geogrids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The aperture stability modulus is a measure of the in-plane shear modulus, which is a function of other geogrid characteristics, most notably junction stability, flexural rib stiffness, and rib tensile modulus.  
5.2 The test data can be used in conjunction with interpretive methods to evaluate the geogrid aperture stability at various traffic loads and base/subgrade conditions.
Note 1: Aperture stability modulus is referenced in the FHWA Geosynthetics Design and Construction Guidelines (2008) as an input parameter for the design of geogrid-reinforced unpaved roads using punched and drawn biaxial geogrids. Geogrids of different manufacturing process and material composition may use this property in calibration and validation of their material within the associated design.  
5.3 This test method is not intended for routine acceptance testing of geogrid. This test method should be used to characterize geogrid intended for use in applications in which aperture stability is considered relevant.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for measuring the Aperture Stability Modulus of a geogrid. (The terms “Secant Aperture Stability Modulus,” “Torsional Rigidity Modulus,” “In-plane Shear Modulus,” and “Torsional Stiffness Modulus” have been used in the literature to describe this same property.)  
1.2 This test method is intended to determine the in-plane stability of a geogrid by clamping a center node and measuring the stiffness over an area of the geogrid. This test method is applicable for various types of geogrid.  
1.3 This test method is intended to provide characteristic properties for design. The test method was developed for pavement and subgrade improvement calibrated design methods requiring input of aperture stability modulus.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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