ASTM F2090-01a(2007)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Window Fall Prevention Devices With Emergency Escape (Egress) Release Mechanisms
Standard Specification for Window Fall Prevention Devices With Emergency Escape (Egress) Release Mechanisms
ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the installation, safety, performance, and labeling requirements for devices intended to address the risk of injury and death associated with accidental falls from windows by children five years old and younger. It applies to window fall prevention devices that are to be used on any window, including those that are designated for emergency escape (egress) and rescue (ingress). It is, however, not intended to meet the unique requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for devices intended to address the risk of injury and death associated with accidental falls from windows by children five years old and younger.
1.2 This specification is not intended to meet the unique requirements of Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA).
1.3 This specification applies to window fall prevention devices that are to be used on any windows, including those that are designated for emergency escape (egress) and rescue (ingress).Note 1
A separate safety specification, Safety Specification F 2006, covers window fall prevention devices for non-emergency escape (egress) and rescue (ingress) windows in installations more than 75 feet (23 m) above ground level in multiple family dwelling buildings.
This standard does not purport to address all safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI values given in parentheses are for information only.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: F 2090 – 01a (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Specification for
Window Fall Prevention Devices With Emergency Escape
(Egress) Release Mechanisms
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2090; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses window fall prevention devices that protect against
potential falls by children aged five years and under from windows.
A special study by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission indicates that young children
are at high risk of death and serious injury from window falls. Children aged five and younger account
for a higher percentage of window fall fatalities and injuries.
Windowfallpreventiondevicesusuallydifferinpurposeandapplicationfromsecurity/burglarbars.
The general purpose of a window fall prevention device is to prevent a child age five or younger from
falling from a window. The general purpose of a security bar is to prevent unlawful entry through a
window. Generally window fall prevention devices and security bars are two separate devices.
However, a security bar could be used as a fall prevention device if it meets the requirements of this
specification.
1. Scope 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for devices
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
intended to address the risk of injury and death associated with
health practices and to determine the applicability of regula-
accidental falls from windows by children five years old and
tory limitations prior to use.
younger.
1.5 The values stated in inch–pound units are to be regarded
1.2 This specification is not intended to meet the unique
as the standard. The SI values given in parentheses are for
requirements of Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA).
information only.
1.3 This specification applies to window fall prevention
devices that are to be used on any windows, including those
2. Referenced Documents
that are designated for emergency escape (egress) and rescue
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(ingress).
F 977 Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Walkers
NOTE 1—A separate safety specification, Safety Specification F 2006,
F 1487 Consumer Safety Performance Specification for
covers window fall prevention devices for non-emergency escape (egress)
Playground Equipment for Public Use
and rescue (ingress) windows in installations more than 75 feet (23 m)
F 2006 Safety Specification for Window Fall Prevention
above ground level in multiple family dwelling buildings.
Devices for Non-Emergency Escape (Egress) and Rescue
(Ingress) Windows
2.2 Code of Federal Regualtions:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on
Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.38 on
16 CFR 1500.53 Test Methods for Simulating Use and
Window Fall Prevention.
Abuse of Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by
Current edition approved April 1, 2007. Published July 2007. Originally
Children Over 36 But Not Over 96 Months of Age, (f)(3)
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as F 2090 – 01a.
U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Special Window Falls Study, Testing Procedure
conducted in 1991.
U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Special Window Falls Study,
conducted in 1991 and “Window Safety: Data and Patterns Related to Entrapments For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and Accidental Falls from Windows,” prepared by Andersen Corporation. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Research Report F15-1002 available through ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1994 Uniform Building Code Handbook, Section 1807(a) and 2000 Interna- the ASTM website.
tional Building Code, Section 403.1, Special Provisions for Groups B and R1, Code of Federal Regulations, available from U.S. Government Printing Office,
January 2000. Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 2090 – 01a (2007)
16 CFR 1508.6(b) Requirements for Full-Size Baby Cribs 4.3.2 Release of the emergency escape (egress) mechanism
shall require no more than 15 lbf (66 N) of force.
CPSC16CFRChapter11(1-1-87Edition)Part1201 Safety
4.3.3 The emergency escape (egress) release mechanism
Standard for Architectural Glazing Materials
shall consist of a double-action device requiring two distinct
2.3 ANSI Standards:
actions to operate. Opening the window fall prevention
ANSI Z535.4 Product Safety Signs and Labels
device shall not be counted as one of the two required actions.
ANSI Z97.1-1984 Safety Glazing Materials Used in Build-
4.3.4 The emergency escape (egress) release mechanism
ings—SafetyPerformanceSpecificationsandMethodsof
shall operate properly in all types of weather.
Test (Tempered Glass Impact Test)
4.3.5 Emergency escape (egress) releases shall have their
operating mechanisms clearly identified for proper use in an
3. Terminology
emergency.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
4.3.6 Neither the window fall prevention device nor the
3.1.1 emergency escape (egress) and rescue (ingress) win- emergency escape (egress) release mechanism shall reduce the
dow, n—awindowintendedforemergencyescape(egress)and exitable area of the window unit below what is required by
rescue (ingress) during an emergency situation such as fire, gas applicable codes.
leak, etc., as defined by the prevailing applicable building and 4.3.7 The location of the release mechanism to be used to
fire codes. open the window fall prevention device shall be visible.
4.4 Window fall prevention devices, if hinged, shall be
3.1.2 release mechanism for emergency escape (egress) and
hinged on one side (not top or bottom) to provide easy escape
rescue (ingress) window fall prevention device, n—a means of
(egress) and if interior mounted shall not operate outward.
opening a window fall prevention device to provide a clear
4.5 Once released, window fall prevention device shall not
opening space for the purpose of emergency escape or rescue.
re-engage until manually closed.
3.1.3 window, n—an opening constructed in a wall or a roof
4.6 Releasable window fall prevention devices shall be free
to admit light and/or air to any enclosure.
of sharp projections and edges.
3.1.4 window fall prevention device, n—a product installed
4.7 Releasable window fall prevention devices shall not
into an existing window opening, and in conjunction with the
interfere with the design, operation, and function of the
properly functioning window unit, for the purpose of prevent-
window; shall not alter the window in a manner that causes
ing children five years old or younger from falling from or out
water and/or air infiltration; and shall not violate light, venti-
of an open window.
lation,andegressrequirementsoftheapplicablebuildingcode.
3.1.5 window falls, n—a fall from or out of a window.
4.8 Releasable window fall prevention devices shall be
designed in a manner that does not accommodate the use of
4. General Requirements
locking devices which require special knowledge or tools to
4.1 Window fall prevention devices shall be constructed so
operate,suchascombinationlocksorkeyedlocks,wherebythe
as to prohibit the free passage of a 4.0-in. (102-mm) diameter
device could be locked in a closed position to some part of the
rigid sphere at any point, during or after testing as specified in
building structure or to some non-moveable portion of the
Section 8, when the window fall prevention device is installed
deviceitselfandtherebyberenderednotreadilyoperableinthe
in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
event of an emergency.
4.2 The distance between window fall prevention device
4.9 Each releasable window fall prevention device shall be
structuralmembersorcomponentsafteralltestingisconducted
sold with installation instructions and safety information in-
shall not exceed 4.0 in. (102 mm) when a 60-lbf (267-N)
cluded in the packaging for each device.
direct force is applied in accordance with the test method in
4.10 Installation instructions shall include the statement that
8.2.
a copy of the safety information shall be provided to the owner
4.3 Window fall prevention devices shall be designed with
of the building in which the device is installed and to the
release mechanisms to allow for emergency escape (egress)
occupant in the dwelling where the device is installed (or is to
without the need for special tools or special knowledge.
be installed)
4.3.1 Operation of emergency escape (egress) mechanisms
4.11 Installation instructions and safety information shall be
shall be accomplished with a minimum amount of effort from
conspicuous.
the inside of the building, whether the window fall prevention
4.12 Installation instructions and safety information shall
device is mounted inside or outside the building.
specify maximum window opening width and height for which
the window fall prevention device is intended.
5. Installation Instructions
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
5.1 Installation instructions shall specify that window fall
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
prevention devices shall be installed in such a manner that no
CPSC Publication 362, “Safety Barrier Guidelines for Home Pools” and New
Jersey Community Affairs Division of Codes and Standards, Cite 27 N.M.R. 3150,
Subchapter 27 Child-Protection Window Guards — 5:10 — 27.4 — Specifications
for Window Guards. 16 CFR 1500.53. Test Methods for Simulating Use and Abuse of Toys and
“Anthropometry of Infants, Children, and Youths toAge 18 for Product Safety Other Articles Intended for Use by Children Over 36 But Not Over 96 Months of
Design,” Highway Safety Research Institute, University of Michigan, May 31, Age, (f)(3) Testing Procedure
1977. 16Cfr 1508.6 (b) Requirements for Full-Size Baby Cribs
F 2090 – 01a (2007)
space shall exist anywhere in the window opening with 5.2.5 Installation instructions shall describe how to re–en-
window fall prevention device installed that would permit the gage the window fall prevention device after activation of
passage of a rigid sphere measuring 4.0 in. (102 mm) in release mechanism to check for operability.
diameter. Installation instructions shall state that failure to
6. Safety Information
follow these instructions may result in the window fall preven-
tion device’s being ineffective in preventing falls from the 6.1 Safety information shall be distinct from the Installation
window.
Instructions. Safety information shall be headed “IMPOR-
5.2 Installation instructions shall specify application to spe- TANT SAFETY INFORMATION” and shall contain a note of
cificwindowtype.Theinstallationinstructionsshallincludeall
attention to the installer to leave the safety information behind
details of recommended attachment materials and techniques for the occupant.
of installation that will provide for support equal to or greater
6.2 Safetyinformationshallincludeatleasttheinformation,
thantheattachmentmethodsandmaterialsusedtomeetthetest signal word panels, and graphics contained in 6.4, 6.5, and 6.6.
requirementsasdescribedinSection8.Installationinstructions
(Sample safety information is included in the Appendix.)
shall include the statements specified in 5.2.2 and 5.2.3. 6.3 Safety information shall specify that window fall pre-
5.2.1 Installation Instructions shall specify that building and
vention devices shall be installed in such a manner that no
fire codes should be consulted before installing window fall
space shall exist anywhere in the window opening with
prevention devices. Contact local building code department or
window fall prevention device installed that would permit the
fire department for specific codes.
passage of a rigid sphere measuring 4.0 in. (102 mm) in
5.2.1.1 Window fall prevention device shall be installed diameter.
such that the release mechanism(s) is in conformance with
6.3.1 The safety information in 6.4, 6.5 and 6.6 shall be
local building and fire code requirements. headedbyasignalwordpanel(seebelow)andshallcontainthe
5.2.2 Where a warning is required by this specification
word “WARNING” in upper case letters, preceded by a safety
within the installation instructions, a signal word panel (see alert symbol consisting of an exclamation mark inside a solid
below) that contains the word “WARNING” in upper case
equilateral triangle background with the point of the triangle
letters, preceded by a safety alert symbol consisting of an oriented upward. The word “WARNING” and the safety alert
exclamation mark inside a solid equilateral triangle back-
symbol shall be centered on one line and shall be in letters at
ground with the point of the triangle oriented upward shall least ⁄16 in (7.9 mm) high.
head the information. The word “WARNING” and the safety
" WARNING
alertsymbolshallbecenteredononelineandshallbeinletters
at least ⁄16 in. (7.9 mm) high.
6.4 The safety information shall include the statement of the
th
hazard,“NoWindowRescueAbove75ft(6 Floor),”andshall
" WARNING
contain the following information:
5.2.3 Within the installation instructions a warning message
" WARNING
shall include the statement of the hazard: “Possible Fall
th
No Window RescueAbove 75 ft (6 Floor)
Hazard” and shall contain the following information:
th
• Fire rescue ladder may not reach beyond 75 ft (6 floor).
th
• Do not rely on being rescued from windows above 75 ft (6
" WARNING
floor). Follow building fire escape plan.
Possible Fall Hazard
•Young children may fall out of the window if the window fall
6.5 The safety information shall include the statement of the
prevention device is not installed correctly.
hazard, “Blocks Escape in Fire and Emergency Unless Re-
–Install the device so that a rigid 4.0-in.–diameter sphere
leased,” and shall contain the following information:
does not pass through any space in the window opening
after the window fall prevention device is in place.
" WARNING
• Young children may fall out the window if all installation
Blocks Escape in Fire and Emergency Unless Released
instructions are not followed:
• Need to properly operate release mechanism to open window
–Use recommended materials and techniques.
fall p
...
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