ASTM A355-89(2012)

Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Alloys, for Nitriding

ABSTRACT
This guide covers standard specification for alloy steel bars, suitable for surface hardening by nitriding, designated as Classes A, B, C, and D. Class A and Class D bars are general-purpose bars; Class B bars are free-machining bars; Class C bars contain nickel and are characterized by higher core strength. All classes shall be furnished in the hot-rolled, quenched, and tempered condition. The steel shall be made by the electric-furnace process only. The microstructure resulting from heat treatment shall not show free ferrite in amounts exceeding the prescribed values. The maximum depth of total and partial decarburization of hot-rolled bars and heat-treated bars shall not exceed the amounts prescribed. Heat or cast analysis shall be performed on four classes of steel, wherein the material shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, aluminum, molybdenum, selenium, and nickel. After quenching and tempering, the steel shall conform to one of the specified hardness ranges.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers alloy steel bars, suitable for surface hardening by nitriding, designated as Classes A, B, C, and D. Class A and Class D bars are general-purpose bars; Class B bars are free-machining bars; Class C bars contain 3.50 % nickel and are characterized by higher core strength. All classes are normally furnished in the hot-rolled, quenched, and tempered condition. However, centerless-ground or turned bars, in any of the classes, may be specified by the purchaser. Also, as-rolled, annealed, or unannealed bars suitable for forging may be purchased to this specification. When as-rolled, annealed, or unannealed bars are furnished, Sections 6, 10, and 11 are not applicable.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 29-Feb-2012
• ICS: 77.140.60 - Steel bars and rods
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.15 - Bars

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A355-89(2006) - Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Alloys, for Nitriding
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:A355 −89 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Specification for
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Steel Bars, Alloys, for Nitriding
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A355; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.9 Hardness (Section 11),
3.1.10 Microstructure when desired (Section 7),
1.1 This specification covers alloy steel bars, suitable for
3.1.11 Report of ladle analysis if desired (Section 9),
surface hardening by nitriding, designated as ClassesA, B, C,
3.1.12 Straightness (Section 10),
and D. Class A and Class D bars are general-purpose bars;
3.1.13 ASTM designation A355, and
Class B bars are free-machining bars; Class C bars contain
3.1.14 End use, exceptions to the specification, or special
3.50% nickel and are characterized by higher core strength.
requirements.
All classes are normally furnished in the hot-rolled, quenched,
and tempered condition. However, centerless-ground or turned
4. Process
bars, in any of the classes, may be specified by the purchaser.
4.1 The steel shall be made by the electric-furnace process
Also, as-rolled, annealed, or unannealed bars suitable for
only.
forgingmaybepurchasedtothisspecification.Whenas-rolled,
annealed,orunannealedbarsarefurnished,Sections6,10,and
5. Discard
11 are not applicable.
5.1 Sufficient discard shall be made from each ingot to
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
ensure freedom from injurious piping and undue segregation.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
6. Quenching and Tempering
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
6.1 The bars shall be given a liquid quench followed by a
tempering treatment at a temperature not lower than 600°C
2. Referenced Documents
(1112°F) to produce a fine spheroidized structure.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
7. Microstructure
A29/A29MSpecification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy,
Hot-Wrought, General Requirements for 7.1 When specified the microstructure resulting from the
heat treatment specified in Section 6 shall not show free ferrite
3. Ordering Information
in amounts exceeding those prescribed in Table 1. Other
percentages of free ferrite may be supplied by agreement
3.1 Orders under this specification should include the fol-
lowingasrequiredtoadequatelydescribethedesiredmaterials: between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
7.2 The amount of free ferrite shall be determined by
3.1.2 Name of material (alloy steel bars, for nitriding),
metallographic examination under suitable magnification of a
3.1.3 Surface finish (Section 14),
specimen from the bars in the quenched and tempered condi-
3.1.4 Cross-sectional shape,
tion. The number and location of tests and details of the basis
3.1.5 Size,
of establishing free ferrite shall be as agreed upon between the
3.1.6 Length (Section 13),
manufacturer and the purchaser.
3.1.7 Class (Section 1),
8. Decarburization
3.1.8 Thermal treatment (Section 6),
8.1 The maximum depth of total and partial decarburization
1 of hot-rolled bars and heat-treated bars shall not exceed the
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee amounts prescribed in Table 2.
A01.15 on Bars.
8.2 Centerless-groundorturnedbarsshallbefreefromtotal
Current edition approved March 1, 2012. Published April 2012. Originally
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as A355–89 (2006). and partial decarburization.
DOI: 10.1520/A0355-89R12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 9. Heat Analysis
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
9.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to cast or
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. heat (formerly ladle) analysis prescribed in Table 3.
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A355−89 (2012)
TABLE 1 Permissible Free Ferrite TABLE 4 Hardness Requirements
Permissible Free Hardness
Ferrite Area, Range 2
Diameter or Thickness, in. (mm)
max, % Hardness Scale Range 1
Brinell 223 to 269 248 to 302
Rockwell C 19 to 28 24 to 32
1.00 (25.4) and under 2
Rockwell B 98 to 104 101 to 107
Over 1.00 to 3.00 (25.4 to 76.2), incl 4
Over 3.00 (76.2) 6
12.2 The diameter of centerless ground bars shall not vary
from that specified by more than the followi
...