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ASTM D2428-92

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Simulative Recirculating System Testing of Aerospace Hydraulic Fluids (Withdrawn 1997)

Standard Test Method for Simulative Recirculating System Testing of Aerospace Hydraulic Fluids (Withdrawn 1997)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for system evaluation of aerospace hydraulic fluids. The test method recommends control of test variables, a typical test system geometry, data to be obtained, and procedures which will assure a uniform approach to fluid screening and evaluation. Recommendations concerning specific hardware and rigid techniques have been avoided where possible to allow the test method to be used as the state-of-the-art advances.  
1.2 Each agency using the test method can simulate a specific system, thus fluids can be qualified for use in applications having unique hardware and design concepts. This approach provides the test flexibility needed to meet the rapid changes in fluid requirements and also provide valuable comparative data for both users and developers of hydraulic fluids.  
1.3 Since the test system was purposely generalized, it is important that the specified data be obtained in order that fluid flow dynamics can be defined. Such factors as shear rate, mass flow rate, temperature gradients, etc., must be defined for valid comparisons.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.>  
1.5 The values stated in metric units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
31-Dec-1991
Withdrawal Date
09-Nov-1997
ICS
75.120 - Hydraulic fluids
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Current Stage
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ASTM D2428-92 - Standard Test Method for Simulative Recirculating System Testing of Aerospace Hydraulic Fluids (Withdrawn 1997)ASTM D2428-92 - Standard Test Method for Simulative Recirculating System Testing of Aerospace Hydraulic Fluids (Withdrawn 1997)
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ASTM D2428-92 - Standard Test Method for Simulative Recirculating System Testing of Aerospace Hydraulic Fluids (Withdrawn 1997)
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Standards Content (Sample)

ASTI D2428 92 0759510 0515071 972
AMERICAN SOCIETY MR TESTING AND MATERIALS
An American National Standard
(@$ Designation: D 2428 - 92
1916 RaceSt Philadelphla, Pa 19103
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ACTM Standards. Copyright AsTh4
If Mt listed in the current comblned tndex, will appear in the next editlon.
Standard Test Method for
Simulative Recirculating System Testing of Aerospace
Hydraulic Fluids1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2428; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (6) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
D941 Test Method for Density and Relative Density
1, Scope
(Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Lipkin Bicapillary
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for system
Pycnometer’
evaluation of aerospace hydraulic fluids. The test method
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by
recommends control of test variables, a typical test system
Color-Indicator Titration’
geometry, data to be obtained, and procedures which will
D 1298 Practice for Density, Relative Density (Specific
assure a uniform approach to fluid screening and evaluation.
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and
Recommendations concerning specific hardware and rigid
Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method’
techniques have been avoided where possible to allow the
D 1480 Test Method for Density and Relative Density
test method to be used as the state-of-the-art advances.
(Specific Gravity) of Viscous Materials by Bingham
1.2 Each agency using the test method can simulate a
Pycnometei3
specific system, thus fluids can be qualified for use in
D 1481 Test Method for Density and Relative Density
applications having unique hardware and design concepts.
(Specific Gravity) of Viscous Materials by Lipkin
This approach provides the test flexibility needed to meet the
Bicapillary Pycnometer3
rapid changes in fluid requirements and also provide valu-
D 1533 Test Method for Water in Insulating Liquids (Karl
able comparative data for both users and developers of
Fischer Meth~d)~
hydraulic fluids.
D 2 i 55 Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of
1,3 Since the test system was purposely generalized, it is
Liquid Petroleum Products5
important that the specified data be obtained in order that
F 303 Practices for Sampling Aerospace Fluids from
fluid flow dynamics can be defined. Such factors as shear
Components6
rate, mass flow rate, temperature gradients, etc., must be
F 3 i 3 Test Method for Insoluble Contamination of Hy-
defined for valid comparisons.
draulic Fluids by Gravimetric Analysis7
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Summary of Test Method
responsibility of the user ofthis standard to establish appro-
3.1 Hydraulic fluids are evaluated in a system which
priate sdety and health practices and determine the applica-
simulates as closely as practical that in which the fluid is to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
operate. System variables and test procedures have been
1.5 The values stated in metric units are to be regarded as
purposely generalized while system description and data to
the standard, The values given in parentheses are for
be obtained have been rigidly defined.
information only.
4. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 The usefulness of this test method is related directly to
the ability to correlate valid test results from different
2.1 ASTM Standards:
laboratories. Results validity and correlativity are related
D 88 Test Method for Saybolt Viscosity2
directly to the care with which data is obtained and reported
D92 Test Method for Fiash and Fire Points by Cleveland
as weil as instrumentation accuracy and test concept.
Open Cup3
4.2 Instrumentation accuracy is a function not only of
D 97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Oils3
resolution but also placement in the system.
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Trans-
4.2.1 Pressure piezometer rings are fabricated and placed
parent and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of
in accordance with “Fluid Meters, Their Theory and Appli-
Dynamic Viscosity)’
cations,” ASME, 1959, p. 18.* Thermocouple probes are
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum
placed in the line to read the maximum fluid temperature.
Products by Potentiometric Titration3
For inside-out heat flow this is generally at the tube
I This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom- Annual Bwk of ASTM Siandards, Vol 10.03.
mittee D 02.1 I on Engineering Science of High Performance Fluids and Solids.
Discontintied 1980-Replaced by E 659.
Current edit
...

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1.1 This guide covers and provides information to assist in planning a laboratory test or series of tests from which may be inferred information about the biodegradability of an unused fully formulated hydraulic fluid in its original form. Biodegradability is one of three characteristics which are assessed when judging the environmental impact of a hydraulic fluid. The other two characteristics are ecotoxicity and bioaccumulation.  
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4.1 The temperature at which a lubricant remains fluid and homogeneous after seven days is an index of its ability to withstand prolonged exposure to cold temperature. With vegetable oils and some synthetic esters, it is necessary to do extended cold storage testing. Quick cool, short-term tests, such as Test Methods D97 and D2500, do not adequately predict the tendency to solidify over longer time spans at cold temperatures.  
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1.1 This test method covers the fluidity and appearance of hydraulic fluids after storage at low temperature.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—In 6.1.1, the material is designated in cSt as this is the common name used for this type of oil.  
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.  
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5.1 This test method is an indicator of the wear characteristics of non-petroleum and petroleum hydraulic fluids operating in a constant volume vane pump. Excessive wear in vane pumps could lead to malfunction of hydraulic systems in critical applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a constant volume vane pump test procedure operated at 1200 r/min and 13.8 MPa.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—There are no SI equivalents for the inch fasteners and inch O-rings that are used in the apparatus in this test method.  
1.2.2 Exception—In some cases English pressure values are given in parentheses as a safety measure.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Floating Piston Cylinder

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5.1 This practice allows the collection of a representative sample of LPG that may contain trace volatile dissolved components such as methane, ethane, and nitrogen. Sampling by Practice D1265 can result in a small, but predictable, loss of these lighter components. Practice D1265 is suitable for collecting samples for routine specification testing, as the small loss of light components is not significant under Specification D1835 specification requirements. Practice D3700 is recommended whenever highly accurate determination of light components is required. For example, compositions determined on samples collected according to Practice D3700 may be used to establish the product value of NGL mixtures (see Appendix X1).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the equipment and procedures for obtaining a representative sample of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), such as specified in ASTM Specification D1835, GPA 2140, and comparable international standards. It may also be used for other natural gas liquid (NGL) products that are normally single phase (for example, NGL mix, field butane, and so forth), defined in other industry specifications or contractual agreements, and for volatile (higher vapor pressure) crude oils.
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