ASTM C556-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Resistance of Overglaze Decorations to Attack by Detergents
Standard Test Method for Resistance of Overglaze Decorations to Attack by Detergents
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This test method provides an indication of service life under detergent exposure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers the determination and evaluation of the resistance of overglaze decorations on ceramic whitewares to attack by normal household soaps and liquid detergents under normal household conditions.
1.2 This test method applies primarily to overglaze decorations applied to dinnerware for domestic use wherein household soaps and detergents are used for cleaning the soiled ware by either hand or machine operations.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitation prior to use.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C556 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Resistance of Overglaze Decorations to Attack by
1
Detergents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C556; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Reagents and Materials
2
4.1 Sodium Carbonate Solution made by dissolving anhy-
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evalua-
drous sodium carbonate in distilled water in the ratio of5gof
tion of the resistance of overglaze decorations on ceramic
sodium carbonate per litre (1.14 qt) of water.
whitewares to attack by normal household soaps and liquid
detergents under normal household conditions.
4.2 Clean Muslin Cloth.
1.2 This test method applies primarily to overglaze decora-
5. Sampling
tions applied to dinnerware for domestic use wherein house-
5.1 Whole pieces or segments of ware are selected so as to
hold soaps and detergents are used for cleaning the soiled ware
be representative of the decoration to be tested.
by either hand or machine operations.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
6. Test Specimens
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
6.1 The size of the specimens shall be such that the ratio of
information only.
the total surface area of three specimens to volume of test
2 2
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials,
solution shall be not greater than 100 cm (15.5 in. ) of surface
operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
to 3 L (3.2 qt) solution. Four identical specimens (identical as
address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is
to decoration, not necessarily as to size or shape) are required
the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
for each test.
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitation prior to use.
7. Procedure
7.1 Place the stainless steel specimen support in the bottom
2. Significance and Use
of the 4-L (4.2-qt) stainless steel beaker, and pour 3 L (3.2 qt)
of sodium carbonate standard test solution into the beaker.
2.1 This test method provides an indication of service life
Cover the beaker and let it remain covered throughout the test
under detergent exposure.
except for brief intervals when temperature measurements are
made or when specimens are inserted or withdrawn. Place the
3. Apparatus
beaker on the steam bath or other heat source, and heat the test
3.1 Stainless Steel Beaker, 4 L(4.2 qt) capacity, fitted with a
solution to 95 6 1.1°C (203 6 2°F) throughout the test.
stainless steel lid.
NOTE 1—The mean temperature at which this test must be conducted is
3.2 Stainless Steel Supports to hold specimens off the
just below (approximately 1°C (or 2°F)) the boiling point of water. If the
test is conducted at altitudes above sea level, appropriate adjustment
bottom of the beaker.
should be made where steam baths are not used.
3.3 Steam Bath or other heating device capable of maintain-
7.2 Degrease the specimens just prior to testing by washing
ing bath temperature at 95 6 1.1°C (203 6 2°F).
in warm distilled water, rinsing with acetone until the surface
films uniformly with distilled water, rinsing finally with fresh
acetone, and then air drying. When the test solution has
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C21 on Ceramic
reached temperature, insert three of the specimens in the
Whitewares and Related Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
beaker in such a manner that they are completely covered with
C21.03 on Methods for Whitewares and Environmental Concerns.
solution and do not overlap each other.
Current edition approved July 1, 2016. Published July 2016. Originally approved
in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 1988 as C556 – 88 which was withdrawn
7.3 After 2 h, remove one specimen from the beaker and rub
in July 1994 and reinstated in July 2016. DOI: 10.1520/C0552-16.
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the decorated area vigorously with a bit of muslin cloth, four
ThistestmethodhasbeenadaptedfromtheFB2Ctestmethoddevelopedbythe
United States Potters Association. plies thick, which has been dampened with test solution. Rinse
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C556 − 16
TABLE 1 Evaluation of Degree of Anack to Overglaze Decoration
Numerical Degree of
Visual Evidence of Erosion
Rating Attack
0 none no material removed by rubbing, no fading, no loss of lustre
1 slight traces of material on cloth; slight fading, or dulling; first r
...
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