ASTM D6403-99(2009)

Standard Test Method for Determining Moisture in Raw and Spent Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to determine the moisture content of materials (raw or spent) that are to be extracted for tannin analysis. The value obtained for moisture content by this test method is used to calculate the results of the other analyses on this material to a moisture-free basis.  
The specimens are obtained from the material prepared for extraction in Practice D 6405.
Tanning materials contain moisture in varying amounts, depending both on the nature of the material and on the climatic conditions, therefore sampling must be carried out as quickly as is consistent with thoroughness in order to avoid changes in moisture content.
Negative errors may occur in the moisture determination because under the conditions of this method there may be retention of moisture by certain components (for example, hydrated salts or water bound to organic structures) of the raw or spent material or because of oxidation of other components (for example, tannins) of the raw or spent material.
Positive errors may occur in the moisture determination because under the conditions of this test method there may be volatilization of certain components of the raw or spent material other than water.
It is known that other factors can also affect the quantity of volatile matter (moisture) released by the specimen. These factors include but are not limited to: particle size of the test specimen, quantity of test specimen, oven temperature, exposure time in the oven, shape of the specimen container, and type of oven (for example, gravity or mechanical convection) used.
Because of the possibility of unknown errors in this test method it is essential that the method be followed exactly in order to obtain reproducible results both among specimens within a laboratory and for analyses between laboratories.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended for use in determining the moisture content in raw and spent materials that are extracted for tannin analysis. The moisture content of the sample is operationally defined to be equal to the weight loss experienced as a result of the evaporation which occurs in the drying oven.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2009
• ICS: 59.140.10 - Processes and auxiliary materials
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.01 - Vegetable Leather

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D6403-99(2004) - Standard Test Method for Determining Moisture in Raw and Spent Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D6405-99(2020) - Standard Practice for Extraction of Tannins from Raw and Spent Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D4905-99(2020) - Standard Practice for Preparation of Solution of Solid, Pasty and Powdered Vegetable Tannin Extracts
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D6406-99(2020) - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Sugar in Vegetable Tanning Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D4902-99(2020) - Standard Test Method for Evaporation and Drying of Analytical Solutions
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D4899-99(2020) - Standard Practice for Analysis of Vegetable Tanning Materials—General
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D6402-99(2020) - Standard Test Method for Determining Soluble Solids and Insolubles in Extracts of Vegetable Tanning Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6403 − 99 (Reapproved2009)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Moisture in Raw and Spent Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6403; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.3 tannin—an astringent substance found in the various
parts of plants such as bark, wood, leaves, nuts, fruits, roots,
1.1 This test method is intended for use in determining the
etc.
moisture content in raw and spent materials that are extracted
3.1.4 vegetable tannins—mixtures of substances (natural
for tannin analysis. The moisture content of the sample is
products) obtained from plant tissues by water extraction
operationallydefinedtobeequaltotheweightlossexperienced
which have the chemical and physical properties necessary to
as a result of the evaporation which occurs in the drying oven.
convert animal hides and skins into leather.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4. Summary of Test Method
standard.
4.1 A specimen of the material sample prepared for use in
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
PracticeD6405isdriedovernightinaforced-airoven.Theloss
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
in weight represents the moisture in the specimen.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 This test method is used to determine the moisture
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
content of materials (raw or spent) that are to be extracted for
2. Referenced Documents tanninanalysis.Thevalueobtainedformoisturecontentbythis
2 test method is used to calculate the results of the other analyses
2.1 ASTM Standards:
on this material to a moisture-free basis.
D6405 Practice for Extraction of Tannins from Raw and
5.2 The specimens are obtained from the material prepared
Spent Materials
for extraction in Practice D6405.
2.2 ALCA Methods
5.3 Tanning materials contain moisture in varying amounts,
A6 Moisture in Raw and Spent Materials
depending both on the nature of the material and on the
3. Terminology climatic conditions, therefore sampling must be carried out as
quickly as is consistent with thoroughness in order to avoid
3.1 Definitions:
changes in moisture content.
3.1.1 raw material—any of the various parts of plants that
are used as a source of vegetable tannins. 5.4 Negativeerrorsmayoccurinthemoisturedetermination
because under the conditions of this method there may be
3.1.2 spent material—plant tissue by-products from indus-
retention of moisture by certain components (for example,
trial processes which may contain significant quantities of
hydrated salts or water bound to organic structures) of the raw
vegetable tannins.
or spent material or because of oxidation of other components
(for example, tannins) of the raw or spent material.
5.5 Positive errors may occur in the moisture determination
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.01 on Vegetable Leather. This
because under the conditions of this test method there may be
test method has been adapted from and is a replacement for Method A6 of the
volatilization of certain components of the raw or spent
Official Methods of the American Leather Chemists Association.
material other than water.
Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D6403 – 99 (2004).
5.6 It is known that other factors can also affect the quantity
DOI: 10.1520/D6403-99R09.
of volatile matter (moisture) released by the specimen. These
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
factors include but are not limited to: particle size of the test
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
specimen, quantity of test specimen, oven temperature, expo-
the ASTM website.
sure time in the oven, shape of the specimen container, and
Official Methods of the American Leather Chemists Association. Available
type of oven (for example, gravity or mechanical convection)
from the American Leather Chemists Association, University of Cincinnati, P.O.
Box 210014, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0014. used.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6403 − 99 (2009)
5.7 Because of the possibility of unknown errors in this test 8.3 Oven Drying:
method it is essential that the method be followed exactly in
8.3.1 Place the tannin dish containing the test specimen on
order to obtain reproducible results both among specimens
a shelf in the drying oven at 100 6 2.0°C for 17 61h.
within a laboratory and for analyses between laboratories.
8.3.2 Remove the dish from the oven and place it in a
dessicator until it has reached temperature equilibrium with the
6. Apparatus
laboratory environment.
6.1 Balance, analytical balance which will weigh up to 100
8.3.3 Record the weight of the dish with dried material as
g with an accuracy of 6 0.1 mg (6 0.0001 g).
W to the nearest 6 0.0001 g.
6.2 Tannin Dish, crystallizing dish, borosilicate glass, 50
mm tall, 70 mm outside diameter. The bottom corner shall be
9. Calculation
rounded to a radius of 6 mm, the bottom shall be flat and not
9.1 Calculate the percent volatile matter (moisture) in the
cupped in the center, and the top edge s
...