ASTM F2589-06
(Specification)Standard Specification for Ornamental Fences Employing Steel Tubular Pickets
Standard Specification for Ornamental Fences Employing Steel Tubular Pickets
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the minimum requirements for coated tubular picket ornamental fence systems fabricated from black (that is, not galvanized) steel components.
1.2 The requirements of this specification do not apply to vertical bar fence systems utilizing solid bar or wrought iron materials.
1.3 The values stated with inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI values in brackets are provided for information.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: F2589 – 06
Standard Specification for
Ornamental Fences Employing Steel Tubular Pickets
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2589; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
1.1 This specification establishes the minimum require-
3. Terminology
ments for coated tubular picket ornamental fence systems
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
fabricated from black (that is, not galvanized) steel compo-
3.1.1 adhesion—the bonding integrity of an organic coating
nents.
to the base metal substrate.
1.2 The requirements of this specification do not apply to
3.1.2 corrosion resistance—the ability of an organically
vertical bar fence systems utilizing solid bar or wrought iron
coated metal product to resist attack due to the base metal
materials.
attempting to return to a more passive oxidized state.
1.3 The values stated with inch-pound units are to be
3.1.3 fence panel—fabricated unit consisting of rails and
regardedasstandard.TheSIvaluesinbracketsareprovidedfor
pickets. Also referred to as a fence section.
information.
3.1.4 impact resistance—the measure of an organically
2. Referenced Documents coated metal product to resist indention; the ability of a coating
toresistcrackingorlossofadhesionduetoreformingthemetal
2.1 ASTM Standards:
during bending or a shape change from abuse.
A500 Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and Seamless
3.1.5 ornamental accessory—any fitting that adds further
Carbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and Shapes
decoration to an ornamental metal fence system including
A501 Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and Seamless
itemssuchasfinials,caps,picketcollars,rings,scrolls,orother
Carbon Steel Structural Tubing
ornamental panel inserts.
B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus
3.1.6 post—vertical fence structural component that sup-
D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
ports the panel in the ornamental metal fence system.
Paints
3.1.7 rail—horizontal structural component of a fence
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
panel.
D822 Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Expo-
3.1.8 tubular picket—hollow vertical ornamental compo-
sures of Paint and Related Coatings
nent of a fence panel.
D1654 Test Method for Evaluation of Painted or Coated
3.1.9 tubular picket ornamental metal fence system—an
Specimens Subjected to Corrosive Environments
architectural metal fence system that combines ornamental
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and
fence structural components (that is, tubular pickets, rails, and
Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color
posts) with ornamental accessories and fasteners, assembled
Coordinates
and evaluated as a complete installed structure.
D2794 Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to
3.1.10 weathering resistance—the ability of an organically
the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)
coated metal product to resist loss of coating gloss or color
D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
change due to excessive humidity or ultra-violet (UV) sunlight
exposure.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F14 on
Fencing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F14.35 on Architectural
4. Materials and Manufacture
Metal Fence Systems.
4.1 Steel material for tubular picket ornamental fence sys-
Current edition approved June 1, 2006. Published June 2006. DOI: 10.1520/
F2589-06.
tem structural components (that is, tubular pickets, rails and
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
posts) shall conform to the requirements of Specifications
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
A500 or A501 and shall have a minimum yield strength of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
45 000 psi [310 MPa].
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F2589 – 06
4.2 Organic Coating Materials 7. Testing – Structural
4.2.1 Powder coatings applied to the exterior surface of
7.1 Structural Test Method A – Application of Horizontal
fence components shall be polymer material: polyester or
Concentrated Load
epoxy and polyester combinations having a minimum thick-
7.1.1 Installation of Test Specimen—One line of fence with
ness of 3 mils; polyolefin elastomer having a minimum
a minimum of three panels of the fence system to be tested
thickness of 7 mils; or PVC having a minimum thickness of 10
shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s speci-
mils.
fications and drawings. Selection of the test specimen should
4.2.2 Wet coating applied to the exterior surface of fence
consider the maximum range of styles and sizes to be certified
components shall be a two-coat paint application system (one
(see Section 10).
coat of epoxy, polyester, or polyurethane primer; one coat of
7.1.2 Apparatus
polyester, polyurethane, or acrylic liquid) with the total com-
7.1.2.1 Testing Machine—Any testing machine or loading
bined coating having a minimum thickness of 2 mils.
device, capable of imposing forces accurate to within 61%,
4.3 Fittings, fasteners, and decorative accessories for orna-
when calibrated in accordance with Practices E4, is suitable
mental steel fence systems shall be manufactured with a
andmaybeused,providedtherequirementsofspecifiedrateof
material and finish coating that meets the same protective
loading and unloading are met. The testing device shall be of
coating performance requirements as required for panels and
sufficient capacity to prevent yielding of its various compo-
posts.
nents and shall ensure that the applied load remains essentially
parallel to the relevant axis of the assembly during testing.
5. Physical Dimensions
7.1.2.2 Test System—A diagrammatic test set-up for apply-
5.1 Cross-section and thickness dimensional requirements
ing horizontal tension forces to the assembly is shown in Fig.
for ornamental metal fence structural components shall be as
1.The bearing plate, normally 6-in. [150-mm] long, shall be of
specified by the manufacturer, provided that the performance
sufficient size to prevent local failure of the surrounding
criteria of Section 7 are met. Table 1 is provided as a guideline
structuralmembersorcomponents.Theloadingdeviceshallbe
to show nominal values typically used for residential, light
attached to the assembly by means of pins or a swivel
industrial (commercial), and industrial applications.
connector to prevent the direct transfer of any flexural forces
5.2 Fence height and space between rails may vary in
through the connection.
accordance with manufacturer’s standards, provided local or-
7.1.2.3 Deflection Measurements—Dial gauges, having a
dinances and building codes do not limit these dimensions for
smallest division of not more than 0.01 in. [0.25 mm], or any
a specific application, such as might be the case for pool safety,
suitable measurement devices or calibrated sensors of at least
gate safety, or structural wind load bearing capacity. No
comparable accuracy and sensitivity shall be used to measure
sharply pointed picket tops shall be used on fences less than 4
the horizontal displacements of the top rail relative to its
ft [1.22 m] in height.
originallocationateachloadingpointpriortoloadapplication.
NOTE 1—Fence height is a nominal value and is typically the distance
These devices shall have sufficient measurement capability to
from grade to the top of the fence.
indicate the displacement throughout the test range.
5.3 The spacing between pickets shall be 4 in. [101.6 mm] 7.1.3 Procedure
or less; however, if applicable local regulations (such as may
7.1.3.1 Positioning—Position the test stand in such a way
be applied to pool fencing, child care facility fencing, public that the load is applied, as shown in Fig. 1, to the structural
railing systems, or fencing adjacent to automated gates, etc.)
member perpendicular to the plane of the fence system without
have more restrictive spacing requirements, then those local causing any local failure at the point of load application.
regulations shall govern.
7.1.3.2 Mounting of Instruments—Mount the dial gauge,
measurement device, or sensor at the loading point as is shown
6. Workmanship
inFig.1.Placethesensingelementoftheinstrumentincontact
6.1 All ornamental metal fence system components shall be with and normal to the surface or an extension of the surface of
produced using materials and finishes specified in Section 4, the top rail of the fence system being tested in such a way as
and shall be free from defects in workmanship. to measure displacement in the direction of the applied load.
TABLE 1 Nominal Sizes for Ornamental Fence Structural Components
Application Component Typical Cross-Section Wall Thickness
5 5
Picket ⁄8 in. by ⁄8 in. [15.9 mm by 15.9 mm] 18 Ga.
Residential Rail 1 in. by 1 in. [25.4 mm by 25.4 mm] 18 Ga.
Post 2 in. by 2 in. [50.8 mm by 50.8 mm] 16 Ga.
3 3
Picket ⁄4 in. by ⁄4 in. [19.0 mm by 19.0 mm] 16 Ga.
Light Industrial
3 1 1 1
Rail 1 ⁄8 in. by 1 ⁄2 in. [44.4 mm by 38.1 mm] or 1 ⁄2 in. by 1 ⁄2 in. [38.1 mm by 38.1 mm] 14 Ga.
(Commercial)
1 1
Post 2 ⁄2 in. by 2 ⁄2 in. [63.5 mm by 63.5 mm] 14 Ga.
Picket 1 in. by 1 in. [25.4 mm by 25.4 mm] 16 Ga.
3 1 1 1
Industrial Rail 1 ⁄8 in. by 1 ⁄2 in. [44.4 mm by 38.1 mm] or 1 ⁄2 in. by 1 ⁄2 in. [38.1 mm by 38.1 mm] 14 Ga.
Post 3 in. by 3 in. [76.2 mm by 76.2 mm] 12 Ga.
F2589 – 06
FIG. 1 Test Set-Up for Application of Horizontal Concentrated Load
7.1.4 Load Application 7.2 Structural Test Method B—Application of Vertical Con-
7.1.4.1 Initial Load Application—Apply an initial load cor- centrated Load
responding to 50 % of the required test load (see Table 2) for 7.2.1 Installation of Test Specimen—A minimum of one
a minimum of two minutes in order to bring all members into panel of the fence system to be tested shall be installed in
full bearing. Reduce load to 25 % of the required test load accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and draw-
(50 % of the preload), and observe the initial deflection. The ings. Selection of the test specimen should consider the
deflection at this initial test load shall be the base point for maximum range of styles and sizes to be certified (see Section
subsequent deflection readings. 10). The bottom of the fence panel shall be elevated by an
7.1.4.2 Step Load Application—During constant-level step offset distance of approximately 12 in. [305 mm] to allow for
loading up to the required test load, each increment of load downward elastic deformation during test load application.
shall amount to not more than 15 % of the required test load. 7.2.2 Apparatus
After each step load is applied, it shall be released to the initial 7.2.2.1 Testing Machine—Any testing machine or loading
test load and the residual deflection shall be observed. Plot the device, capable of imposing forces accurate to within 61%,
initial and incremental readings of the force and deflection when calibrated in accordance with Practices E4, is suitable
gauges at each load point in the form of load-deformation andmaybeused,providedtherequirementsofspecifiedrateof
curves. loading and unloading are met. The testing device shall be of
7.1.4.3 Rate of Loading—The rate of loading between sufficient capacity to prevent yielding of its various compo-
increments shall be uniform throughout the test and such that nents and shall ensure that the applied load remains essentially
the load is applied at a constant rate of deformation of 0.20 6 parallel to the relevant axis of the assembly during testing.
0.10 in. [5.0 6 2.5 mm] per minute. If this rate of loading 7.2.2.2 Test System—A diagrammatic test set-up for apply-
cannot be achieved because of the type of testing machine used ing vertical forces to the assembly is shown in Fig. 2. The
or the equipment available, the rate of loading shall be as near bearing plate, normally 4-in. [101.6-mm] long, shall be of
to that required in this subsection. sufficient size to prevent local failure of the surrounding
TABLE 2 Required Test Load Capabilities
Required Test Required Test Required Test Required Test
Load - Method A Load - Method B Load - Method C Load - Method D
Class (Based on Residual (Based on Residual (Based on Residual (Based on Residual
Deflection Less Than Deflection Less Than Deflection Less Than Deflection Less Than
A
1 1 1 1
⁄2 in. [12.7 mm] ⁄2 in. [12.7 mm] ⁄4 in. [6.4 mm] ⁄4 in. [6.4 mm]
Industrial 300 lbf [1330 N] 400 lbf [1780 N] 100 lbf [440 N] 100 lbf [440 N]
Commercial 200 lbf [890 N] 300 lbf [1330 N] 75 lbf [330 N] 75 lbf [330 N]
Residential 100 lbf [440 N] 200 lbf [890 N] 50 lbf [220 N] 50 lbf [220 N]
A
Capability also requires that the test cone never penetrates beyond the tapered portion during any step load increment including the required test load.
F2589 – 06
FIG. 2 Test Set-Up for Application of Vertical Concentrated Load
structural members or components. The bearing plate shall be accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications and draw-
positionedflushtothetoprailandshallhaveaholeatitscenter ings. Selection of the test specimen should consider the
sufficiently sized to fit over a picket if the style being tested has maximum range of styles and sizes to be certified (see Section
pickets that extend above the top rail. The loading device shall 10). Test specimens used for Test MethodsAor B may be used
be attached to the assembly by means of pins or a swivel again to perform Test Method C, provided the pickets have not
connector to prevent the direct transfer of any flexural forces been damaged during previous testing.
through the connection. 7.3.2 Apparatus
7.2.2.3 Deflection Measurements—Onedialgauge,havinga 7.3.2.1 Testing Machine—Any testing machine or loading
smallest division of not more than 0.01 in. [0.25 mm], or any device, capable of imposing forces accurate to within 61%,
suitable measurement device or calibrated sensor of at least when calibrated in accordance with Practices E4, is suitable
comparable accuracy and sensitivity shall be used to measure andmaybeused,providedtherequirementsofspecifiedrateof
the vertical displacements of the top rail relative to the original loading and unloading are met. The testing device shall be of
location at the loading point after release of the preload. sufficient
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