ASTM D6766-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Permeated with Potentially Incompatible Aqueous Solutions
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Permeated with Potentially Incompatible Aqueous Solutions
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method applies to one-dimensional, laminar flow of aqueous solutions, such as chemical solutions, landfill leachate, and contaminated water (from here on referred to as “test liquid”), through saturated/hydrated GCL specimen that is consolidated and permeated under a prescribed or requested set of conditions.
4.2 This test method assumes that Darcy’s law is valid and that the hydraulic conductivity is essentially unaffected by hydraulic gradient. The validity of Darcy’s law may be evaluated by measuring the hydraulic conductivity of the specimen at three different hydraulic gradients; if all measured values are similar (within about 25 %), then Darcy's law may be taken as valid. However, when the hydraulic gradient acting on a test specimen is changed, the state of stress will also change, and, if the specimen is compressible, the volume of the specimen will change. Thus, some change in hydraulic conductivity may occur when the hydraulic gradient is altered, even in cases where Darcy's law is valid.
4.3 This test method provides tools for determining flux and hydraulic conductivity values for a given GCL under the following two different scenarios, which should be specified by the requester:
4.3.1 Scenario 1 – Hydrated/Saturated with Water Prior to Contact with Test Liquid—This scenario simulates the field conditions where the GCL is well hydrated with water prior to contact with actual test liquid. It should be noted that initial degree of saturation/hydration greatly affects the hydraulic properties of a GCL product. The test has two phases: (Phase 1) hydrate, saturate, consolidate, and permeate with water as Test Liquid 1, and (Phase 2) switch to permeation with test liquid as Test Liquid 2.
4.3.2 Scenario 2 – Hydrated/Saturated with Test Liquid (Worst Case)—This scenario simulates the field conditions where the GCL is in contact with test liquid prior to being fully hydrated with water. It should be noted that this scenario may result i...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers laboratory measurement of both flux and hydraulic conductivity (also referred to as coefficient of permeability) of geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) specimens permeated with chemical solutions and leachates utilizing a flexible wall permeameter. For test measurement of index hydraulic properties of geosynthetic clay liners, refer to Test Method D5887/D5887M. For hydraulic conductivity compatibility of soils with aqueous chemical solutions and leachates, refer to Test Method D7100.
1.2 This test method may be utilized with GCL specimens that have a hydraulic conductivity less than or equal to 1 × 10–5 m/s (1 × 10–3 cm/s).
1.3 This test method is applicable to GCL products having geotextile backing(s). It is not applicable to GCL products with geomembrane backing(s), geofilm backing(s), or polymer coating backing(s).
1.4 This test method allows the requester to evaluate the hydraulic properties of a GCL with site-specific or laboratory-prepared solution under different test conditions; thus, the test method also may be used to check performance or conformance, or both.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, unless other units are specifically given. By tradition in U.S. practice, hydraulic conductivity is reported in centimeters per second, although the common SI units for hydraulic conductivity are meters per second.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations i...
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6766 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Geosynthetic Clay
Liners Permeated with Potentially Incompatible Aqueous
1
Solutions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6766; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 Thistestmethodcoverslaboratorymeasurementofboth
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
flux and hydraulic conductivity (also referred to as coeffıcient
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
of permeability) of geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) specimens
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
permeated with chemical solutions and leachates utilizing a
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
flexible wall permeameter. For test measurement of index
hydraulic properties of geosynthetic clay liners, refer to Test
2. Referenced Documents
Method D5887/D5887M. For hydraulic conductivity compat-
2
ibility of soils with aqueous chemical solutions and leachates, 2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
refer to Test Method D7100.
Fluids
1.2 This test method may be utilized with GCL specimens
D854Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by
that have a hydraulic conductivity less than or equal to
–5 –3 Water Pycnometer
1×10 m⁄s(1×10 cm/s).
D2216TestMethodsforLaboratoryDeterminationofWater
1.3 This test method is applicable to GCL products having
(Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
geotextilebacking(s).ItisnotapplicabletoGCLproductswith
D4439Terminology for Geosynthetics
geomembranebacking(s),geofilmbacking(s),orpolymercoat-
D4753Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Bal-
ing backing(s).
ances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and
Construction Materials Testing
1.4 This test method allows the requester to evaluate the
D5887/D5887MTest Method for Measurement of Index
hydraulic properties of a GCLwith site-specific or laboratory-
Flux Through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Speci-
prepared solution under different test conditions; thus, the test
mens Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter
method also may be used to check performance or
D7100TestMethodforHydraulicConductivityCompatibil-
conformance, or both.
ity Testing of Soils with Aqueous Solutions
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
E145Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
standard, unless other units are specifically given. By tradition
Ventilation Ovens
in U.S. practice, hydraulic conductivity is reported in centime-
ters per second, although the common SI units for hydraulic
3. Terminology
conductivity are meters per second.
3.1 Definitions:
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.1 flux, n—the rate of discharge of liquid under laminar
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
flow conditions through a unit cross-sectional area of a GCL
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
specimen at a standard temperature condition (22 6 3°C).
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1.2 geosynthetic clay liner (GCL), n—a factory-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
manufactured geosynthetic hydraulic barrier consisting of clay
supported by geotextiles, geomembranes, or a combination
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosyn-
2
thetic Clay Liners. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2018. Published February 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6766–12. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D6766-18. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6766 − 18
thereof, that are held together by needling, stitching, chemical 4.3.2 Scenario 2 – Hydrated/Saturated with Test Liquid
adhesives, or other methods. (Worst Case)—This scenario simulates the field conditions
wheretheGCLisincontactwithtestliquidpriortobeingfully
3.1.3 hydraulic conductivity, k, n—the rate of discharge of
hydrated with water. It should be noted that this scenario may
liqu
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6766 − 12 D6766 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Geosynthetic Clay
Liners Permeated with Potentially Incompatible Aqueous
1
Solutions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6766; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers laboratory measurement of both flux and hydraulic conductivity (also referred to as coeffıcient of
permeability) of geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) specimens permeated with chemical solutions and leachates utilizing a flexible wall
permeameter. For test measurement of index hydraulic properties of geosynthetic clay liners, refer to Test Method D5887D5887/
D5887M. For hydraulic conductivity compatibility of soils with aqueous chemical solutions and leachates, refer to Test Method
D7100.
-5–5
1.2 This test method may be utilized with GCL specimens that have a hydraulic conductivity less than or equal to 1 × 10 m
-3–3
m/s ⁄s (1 × 10 cm/s).
1.3 This test method is applicable to GCL products having geotextile backing(s). It is not applicable to GCL products with
geomembrane backing(s), geofilm backing(s)backing(s), or polymer coating backing(s).
1.4 This test method provides measurements of flux and hydraulic conductivity under a prescribed set of conditions, as an index
test, that can be used for manufacturing quality control. The flux and hydraulic conductivity values determined using this test
method under the prescribed set of conditions is not considered to be representative of the in-service conditions of GCLs. However,
the test method allows the requester to establish a set of allows the requester to evaluate the hydraulic properties of a GCL with
site-specific or laboratory-prepared solution under different test conditions; thus, the test method also may be used to check
performance or conformance, or both.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, unless other units are specifically given. By tradition in U.S.
practice, hydraulic conductivity is reported in centimeters per second, although the common SI units for hydraulic conductivity
are meters per second.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D854 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by Water Pycnometer
D2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
D4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Balances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and Construction
Materials Testing
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.04 on Geosynthetic Clay
Liners.
Current edition approved July 1, 2012Feb. 1, 2018. Published September 2012February 2018. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20092012
as D6766D6766 – 12.–09. DOI: 10.1520/D6766-12.10.1520/D6766-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6766 − 18
D5887D5887/D5887M Test Method for Measurement of Index Flux Through Saturated Geosynthetic Clay Liner Specimens
Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter
D7100 Test Method for Hydraulic Conductivity Compatibility Testing of Soils with Aqueous Solut
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.