ASTM D4427-92(2002)e1
(Classification)Standard Classification of Peat Samples by Laboratory Testing
Standard Classification of Peat Samples by Laboratory Testing
SCOPE
1.1 This classification is a system for subdividing and assigning nomenclature to peat samples through laboratory tests.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 4427 – 92 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Classification of
Peat Samples by Laboratory Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4427; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
e NOTE—Editorial changes were made in September 2002.
1. Scope * than 25% ash by dry weight (see Test Methods D2974)), and
from other phytogenic material of higher rank (that is, lignite
1.1 This classification is a system for subdividing and
coal) by its lower calorific value on a water saturated basis.
assigning nomenclature to peat samples through laboratory
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
tests.
3.2.1 absorbency—the maximum amount of moisture (by
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
weight)thatcanbeheldbythepeat.Thisisexpressedinterms
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of the water-holding capacity as measured using Test Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D2980.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.2 acidity—this is expressed as the pH of the peat in
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
water as measured using Test Method D2976.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.3 ash content—thepercentagebydryweightofmaterial
remaining after the oven dry peat is burned, using the methods
2.1 ASTM Standards:
described in Test Methods D2974.
D420 Guide to Site Characterization for Engineering De-
3.2.4 botanical composition—the dominant plant genus,
sign and Construction Purposes
genera, or informal plant group identified by visual inspection
D1997 Test Method for Laboratory Determination of the
as comprising a portion of the fiber in the peat.
Fiber Content of Peat Samples By Dry Mass
3.2.5 fiber content—the dry weight of fibers remaining on a
D2944 TestMethodofSamplingProcessedPeatMaterials
100 mesh sieve after wet sieving. Fiber content is expressed as
D2974 Test Methods for Moisture,Ash, and Organic Mat-
a percentage of the original dry weight, using the method
ter of Peat and Other Organic Soils
described in Test Method D1997.
D2976 Test Method for pH of Peat Materials
D2980 Test Method for Volume Weights, Water-Holding
4. Significance and Use
Capacity, andAir Capacity of Water Saturated Peat Mate-
4.1 The purpose of this classification is to standardize the
rials
naming of peat materials so that the peat-producer can better
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
identify the product and the peat-consumer better select peat
Engaged in theTesting and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock
2 materials to meet requirements. This system may also be used
as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
for peat resource evaluations, environmental impact reports,
3. Terminology and preliminary engineering studies. The parameters selected
for use in this classification are ones which have been
3.1 Definitions:
determined to relate to the agricultural/horticultural, geotech-
3.1.1 peat—a naturally-occurring highly organic substance
nical, and energy uses of peats.
derived primarily from plant materials. Peat is distinguished
from other organic soil materials by its lower ash content (less
NOTE 1—The quality of the results produced by this standard is
dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the
suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil
criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent
and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.07 on Identification
and objective testing/sampling/inspection/and the like. Users of this
and Classification of Soils.
standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in
Current edition approved July 15, 1992. Published November 1992. Originally
itself assure reliable testing. Reliable testing depends on many factors;
published as D4427–84. Last previous edition D4427–84.
2 Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D 4427 – 92 (2002)
5. Sample 6.5 Botanical Composition—If a botanical designation is
required, the following rules of naming should be applied:
5.1 Representative samples of the peat should be used. The
6.5.1 If a single botanical names, or other botanical desig-
sizeandtypeofsamplerequiredisdependentontheteststobe
nation, is used (for example, Sphagnum Peat, Taxodium Peat,
performedandthecoarsenessandmoisturecontentofth
...
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