ASTM D4427-92(2007)
(Classification)Standard Classification of Peat Samples by Laboratory Testing
Standard Classification of Peat Samples by Laboratory Testing
SCOPE
1.1 This classification is a system for subdividing and assigning nomenclature to peat samples through laboratory tests.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 4427 – 92 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Classification of
Peat Samples by Laboratory Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4427; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3.2.1 absorbency—the maximum amount of moisture (by
weight)thatcanbeheldbythepeat.Thisisexpressedinterms
1.1 This classification is a system for subdividing and
of the water-holding capacity as measured using Test Method
assigning nomenclature to peat samples through laboratory
D2980.
tests.
3.2.2 acidity—this is expressed as the pH of the peat in
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
water as measured using Test Method D2976.
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.3 ash content—thepercentagebydryweightofmaterial
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
remaining after the oven dry peat is burned, using the methods
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
described in Test Methods D2974.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.4 botanical composition—the dominant plant genus,
2. Referenced Documents
genera, or informal plant group identified by visual inspection
as comprising a portion of the fiber in the peat.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.5 fiber content—the dry weight of fibers remaining on a
D1997 Test Method for Laboratory Determination of the
100 mesh sieve after wet sieving. Fiber content is expressed as
Fiber Content of Peat Samples by Dry Mass
a percentage of the original dry weight, using the method
D2974 Test Methods for Moisture,Ash, and Organic Mat-
described in Test Method D1997.
ter of Peat and Other Organic Soils
D2976 Test Method for pH of Peat Materials
4. Significance and Use
D2980 Test Method for Volume Mass, Moisture-Holding
4.1 The purpose of this classification is to standardize the
Capacity, and Porocity of Saturated Peat Materials
naming of peat materials so that the peat-producer can better
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
identify the product and the peat-consumer better select peat
EngagedintheTestingand/orInspectionofSoilandRock
materials to meet requirements. This system may also be used
as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
for peat resource evaluations, environmental impact reports,
3. Terminology and preliminary engineering studies. The parameters selected
for use in this classification are ones which have been
3.1 Definitions:
determined to relate to the agricultural/horticultural, geotech-
3.1.1 peat—a naturally-occurring highly organic substance
nical, and energy uses of peats.
derived primarily from plant materials. Peat is distinguished
from other organic soil materials by its lower ash content (less
NOTE 1—The quality of the results produced by this standard is
than 25% ash by dry weight (see Test Methods D2974)), and
dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the
suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the
from other phytogenic material of higher rank (that is, lignite
criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent
coal) by its lower calorific value on a water saturated basis.
and objective testing/sampling/inspection/and the like. Users of this
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in
itself assure reliable testing. Reliable testing depends on many factors;
Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil
and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.07 on Identification
5. Sample
and Classification of Soils.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2007. Published March 2007. Originally
5.1 Representative samples of the peat should be used. The
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D4427–92(2002).
sizeandtypeofsamplerequiredisdependentontheteststobe
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
performedandthecoarsenessandmoisturecontentofthepeat.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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D 4427 – 92 (2007)
On taking the sample it should be accurately identified and Moss Peat, Herbaceous Peat, Woody Peat, etc.), it is required
placed in a sealed container to prevent moisture loss. that at least 75% of the fiber content of that peat be der
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