ASTM E1822-12

Standard Test Method for Fire Testing of Stacked Chairs

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a means of measuring a variety of fire-test-response characteristics resulting from burning a stack of five stacking chairs. After ignition using a propane gas burner, the test specimen is permitted to burn freely under well-ventilated conditions. The most important fire-test-response characteristic measured in this test method is the rate of heat release, which quantifies the intensity of the fire generated.  
5.2 The rate of heat release is measured by the principle of oxygen consumption. Annex A3 discusses the assumptions and limitations.  
5.3 This test method also provides measures of other fire-test-response characteristics, including smoke obscuration (as the rate of smoke release, total smoke released or optical density of smoke), combustion gas release (as concentrations of combustion gases), and mass loss, that are important to making decisions on fire safety.  
5.4 In the majority of fires, the most important gaseous components of smoke are the carbon oxides present in all fires. They are indicators of the toxicity of the atmosphere and of the completeness of combustion. Measurement of concentrations of carbon oxides are useful for two purposes: as part of fire hazard assessment calculations and to improve the accuracy of heat-release measurements. Other toxic combustion gases, which are specific to certain materials, are also indicators of the toxicity of the atmospheres, but are less crucial for determining combustion completeness and are optional measures; however fire hazard assessment often requires their measurement.  
5.5 The type of ignition chosen (flaming source) is common in both accidental and intentional fires in public occupancies. This test method is thus applicable to stacked chairs in public occupancies. Such facilities include, but are not limited to, health-care facilities, old-age convalescent and board and care homes, college dormitories and residence halls, and hotels and motels.  
5.6 One of the f...
SCOPE
1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard.  
1.2 This test method provides a means of determining the burning behavior of stacking chairs used in public occupancies by measuring specific fire-test responses when a stack of chairs is subjected to a specified flaming ignition source under well ventilated conditions.  
1.3 This test method is limited to stacked chairs.  
1.4 Test data are obtained describing the burning behavior following application of a specific ignition source, from ignition until all burning has ceased, a period of 1 h has elapsed, or flashover under test conditions appears inevitable.  
1.5 This test method does not provide information on the fire performance of stacked chairs under fire conditions other than those conditions specified in this test method. In particular, this test method does not apply to smoldering ignition by cigarettes. See 5.11 for further information.  
1.6 The rate of heat release of the burning test specimen is measured by an oxygen consumption method. See 5.11.4 for further information.  
1.7 Other measurements are the production of light-obscuring smoke and the concentrations of certain toxic gas species in the combustion gases. See 5.11.5 for further information.  
1.8 The burning behavior is documented visually by photographic or video recordings.  
1.9 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products or assemblies under actual fire conditions..  
1.10 Fire testing of products and materials is inherently hazardous, and adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests. This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment.  
1.11 Use the SI system of units in referee decisions; see IEEE/AS...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Dec-2012
• ICS: 13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products
• ICS: 97.140 - Furniture
• Technical Committee: E05 - Fire Standards
• Drafting Committee: E05.15 - Furnishings and Contents

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1822-09 - Standard Test Method for Fire Testing of Stacked Chairs
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2012
• Replaced By: ASTM E1822-13 - Standard Test Method for Fire Testing of Stacked Chairs
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E2102-21 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Mass Loss and Ignitability for Screening Purposes Using a Conical Radiant Heater
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM E176-21ae1 - Standard Terminology of Fire Standards
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM E603-23 - Standard Guide for Room Fire Experiments
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM E3020-22 - Standard Practice for Ignition Sources
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM E2335-22 - Standard Guide for Laboratory Monitors
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM E2067-22 - Standard Practice for Full-Scale Oxygen Consumption Calorimetry Fire Tests
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1822 − 12 AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Test Method for
1
Fire Testing of Stacked Chairs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope shall be employed in conducting these tests. This test method
may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment.
1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard.
1.11 Use the SI system of units in referee decisions; see
1.2 This test method provides a means of determining the
IEEE/ASTM SI-10. The units given in parentheses are for
burningbehaviorofstackingchairsusedinpublicoccupancies
information only.
bymeasuringspecificfire-testresponseswhenastackofchairs
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the
is subjected to a specified flaming ignition source under well
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ventilated conditions.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.3 This test method is limited to stacked chairs.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.4 Test data are obtained describing the burning behavior
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
following application of a specific ignition source, from
ignition until all burning has ceased, a period of1hhas
2. Referenced Documents
elapsed, or flashover under test conditions appears inevitable.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.5 This test method does not provide information on the
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
fire performance of stacked chairs under fire conditions other
E84Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
than those conditions specified in this test method. In
Building Materials
particular, this test method does not apply to smoldering
E176Terminology of Fire Standards
ignition by cigarettes. See 5.11 for further information.
E800GuideforMeasurementofGasesPresentorGenerated
During Fires
1.6 The rate of heat release of the burning test specimen is
E1354Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release
measured by an oxygen consumption method. See 5.11.4 for
Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Con-
further information.
sumption Calorimeter
1.7 Other measurements are the production of light-
E1474Test Method for Determining the Heat Release Rate
obscuring smoke and the concentrations of certain toxic gas
of Upholstered Furniture and Mattress Components or
species in the combustion gases. See 5.11.5 for further infor-
Composites Using a Bench Scale Oxygen Consumption
mation.
Calorimeter
1.8 The burning behavior is documented visually by photo-
E1537Test Method for Fire Testing of Upholstered Furni-
graphic or video recordings.
ture
E1590Test Method for Fire Testing of Mattresses
1.9 This standard is used to measure and describe the
IEEE/ASTM SI-10American National Standard for Use of
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and
theInternationalSystemofUnits(SI):TheModernMetric
flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself
System
incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk
assessment of the materials, products or assemblies under
2.2 ISO Standards:
actual fire conditions.
ISO 4880 Burning Behaviour of Textiles and Textile
3
Products—Vocabulary
1.10 Fire testing of products and materials is inherently
hazardous,andadequatesafeguardsforpersonnelandproperty
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.15 on Furnishings Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
and Contents. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2012. Published December 2012. Originally Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E1822–09. DOI: la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://
10.1520/E1822-12. www.iso.ch.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1822 − 12
ISO 9705Fire Tests—Full Scale Room Test for Surface 3.2.6.1 Discussion—This includes, but is not limited to,
3
Products material such as foams, cotton batting, polyester fiberfill,
3
ISO 13943Fire Safety—Vocabulary bonded cellulose, or down.
2.3 UL Standards:
4. Summary of Test Method
4
UL 1056Fire Test of Upholster
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1822 − 09 E1822 − 12 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
1
Fire Testing of Stacked Chairs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon («) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard.
1.2 This test method provides a means of determining the burning behavior of stacking chairs used in public occupancies by
measuring specific fire-test responses when a stack of chairs is subjected to a specified flaming ignition source under well ventilated
conditions.
1.3 This test method is limited to stacked chairs.
1.4 Test data are obtained describing the burning behavior following application of a specific ignition source, from ignition until
all burning has ceased, a period of 1 h has elapsed, or flashover under test conditions appears inevitable.
1.5 This test method does not provide information on the fire performance of stacked chairs under fire conditions other than
those conditions specified in this test method. In particular, this test method does not apply to smoldering ignition by cigarettes.
See 5.11 for further information.
1.6 The rate of heat release of the burning test specimen is measured by an oxygen consumption method. See 5.11.4 for further
information.
1.7 Other measurements are the production of light-obscuring smoke and the concentrations of certain toxic gas species in the
combustion gases. See 5.11.5 for further information.
1.8 The burning behavior is documented visually by photographic or video recordings.
1.9 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials,
products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.10 Fire testing of products and materials is inherently hazardous, and adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall
be employed in conducting these tests. This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment.
1.11 Use the SI system of units in referee decisions; see IEEE/ASTM SI-10. The units given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
E800 Guide for Measurement of Gases Present or Generated During Fires
E1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption
Calorimeter
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.15 on Furnishings and
Contents.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2009Dec. 15, 2012. Published February 2009December 2012. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20072009
as E1822 – 07.E1822 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/E1822-09.10.1520/E1822-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1822 − 12
E1474 Test Method for Determining the Heat Release Rate of Upholstered Furniture and Mattress Components or Composites
Using a Bench Scale Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter
E1537 Test Method for Fire Testing of Upholstered Furniture
E1590 Test Method for Fire Testing of Mattresses
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 American National Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
2.2 ISO Standards:
3
ISO 4880 Burning Behaviour of Textiles and Textile Products—Vocabulary
3
ISO 9705 Fire Tests—Full Scale Room Test for Surface Products
3
ISO 13943 Fire Safety—Voc
...