ASTM F1870-22
(Guide)Standard Guide for Selection of Fire Test Methods for the Assessment of Upholstered Furnishings in Detention and Correctional Facilities
Standard Guide for Selection of Fire Test Methods for the Assessment of Upholstered Furnishings in Detention and Correctional Facilities
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The information presented provides the user with guidance on identification of test methods, and related documents, which are potentially useful to determine fire-test-response characteristics of upholstery products, and the materials of which they are made, present inside detention cells, in detention and correctional facilities. Some information is given about every standard included, so as to allow a judgment as to the potential usefulness of the original method.
5.2 The detention environment has some unique features which potentially require the use of modifications of standard test methods or the application of particular techniques. Some guidance to that effect is also presented.
SCOPE
1.1 This is a fire-test-response guide.
1.2 This guide is intended to provide guidance for the selection of test methods that are applicable to determining fire-test-response characteristics of upholstered furniture items contained within a detention cell.
1.3 This guide is intended for use by those interested in assessing the fire properties of the upholstery products and their component materials or composites, within cells and other areas (such as isolation lounges) of detention and correctional occupancies.
1.4 This guide includes standard test methods promulgated by ASTM, NFPA, Underwriters Laboratories, trade associations and government agencies and other proposed test methods. It does not include industrial materials specification tests. The guide indicates some means by which modifications of standard test methods lead to potential achievement of certain testing goals.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to regarded as standard; see IEEE/ASTM SI 10 for further details. The units given in parentheses are for information only. Some individual standards referenced use inch-pound units for referee decisions.
1.6 This guide contains four types of test methods, namely: (1) generic small-scale methods, (2) specific applications of small-scale test methods to particular products or composites of products, associated with upholstery items, (3) real-scale test methods where actual upholstery products are exposed to heat or flame, and (4) guides explaining the concepts involved with room-scale testing.
1.7 The main fire-test-response characteristics investigated in this guide are: ignitability, ease of extinction, flame spread, heat release, smoke obscuration and toxic potency of smoke.
1.8 This guide measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.9 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1870 − 22
Standard Guide for
Selection of Fire Test Methods for the Assessment of
Upholstered Furnishings in Detention and Correctional
1
Facilities
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1870; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.8 This guide measures and describes the response of
materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
1.1 This is a fire-test-response guide.
controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all
1.2 This guide is intended to provide guidance for the
factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the
selection of test methods that are applicable to determining
materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
fire-test-response characteristics of upholstered furniture items
1.9 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safe-
contained within a detention cell.
guards for personnel and property shall be employed in
1.3 This guide is intended for use by those interested in
conducting these tests.
assessing the fire properties of the upholstery products and
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the
theircomponentmaterialsorcomposites,withincellsandother
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
areas (such as isolation lounges) of detention and correctional
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
occupancies.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.4 This guide includes standard test methods promulgated
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
by ASTM, NFPA, Underwriters Laboratories, trade associa-
1.11 This international standard was developed in accor-
tions and government agencies and other proposed test meth-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ods. It does not include industrial materials specification tests.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
The guide indicates some means by which modifications of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
standard test methods lead to potential achievement of certain
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
testing goals.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.5 ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoregardedasstandard;
2. Referenced Documents
see IEEE/ASTM SI 10 for further details. The units given in
2
parentheses are for information only. Some individual stan- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
dards referenced use inch-pound units for referee decisions.
D1929Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature
1.6 This guide contains four types of test methods, namely:
of Plastics
(1) generic small-scale methods, (2) specific applications of
D2863Test Method for Measuring the Minimum Oxygen
small-scale test methods to particular products or composites
Concentration to Support Candle-Like Combustion of
ofproducts,associatedwithupholsteryitems,(3)real-scaletest
Plastics (Oxygen Index)
methods where actual upholstery products are exposed to heat
D3675Test Method for Surface Flammability of Flexible
or flame, and (4) guides explaining the concepts involved with
Cellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
room-scale testing.
E162Test Method for Surface Flammability of Materials
1.7 The main fire-test-response characteristics investigated
Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
in this guide are: ignitability, ease of extinction, flame spread,
E176Terminology of Fire Standards
heat release, smoke obscuration and toxic potency of smoke.
E603Guide for Room Fire Experiments
E662Test Method for Specific Optical Density of Smoke
Generated by Solid Materials
1
ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF33onDetentionand
Correctional Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F33.05 on
2
Furnishings and Equipment. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2022. Published June 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F1870–16. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F1870-22. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1870
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1870 − 16 F1870 − 22
Standard Guide for
Selection of Fire Test Methods for the Assessment of
Upholstered Furnishings in Detention and Correctional
1
Facilities
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1870; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This is a fire-test-response guide.
1.2 This guide is intended to provide guidance for the selection of test methods that are applicable to determining fire-test-response
characteristics of upholstered furniture items contained within a detention cell.
1.3 This guide is intended for use by those interested in assessing the fire properties of the upholstery products and their
component materials or composites, within cells and other areas (such as isolation lounges) of detention and correctional
occupancies.
1.4 This guide includes standard test methods promulgated by ASTM, NFPA, Underwriters Laboratories, trade associations and
government agencies and other proposed test methods. It does not include industrial materials specification tests. The guide
indicates some means by which modifications of standard test methods lead to potential achievement of certain testing goals.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to regarded as standard; see IEEE/ASTM SI 10 for further details. The units given in
parentheses are for information only. Some individual standards referenced use inch-pound units for referee decisions.
1.6 This guide contains four types of test methods, namely: (1) generic small-scale methods, (2) specific applications of
small-scale test methods to particular products or composites of products, associated with upholstery items, (3) real-scale test
methods where actual upholstery products are exposed to heat or flame, and (4) guides explaining the concepts involved with
room-scale testing.
1.7 The main fire-test-response characteristics investigated in this guide are: ignitability, ease of extinction, flame spread, heat
release, smoke obscuration and toxic potency of smoke.
1.8 This guide measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled
conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products,
or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F33 on Detention and Correctional Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F33.05 on
Furnishings and Equipment.
Current edition approved June 1, 2016June 1, 2022. Published July 2016June 2022. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20112016 as
F1870 – 11.F1870 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/F1870-16.10.1520/F1870-22.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1870 − 22
1.9 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these
tests.
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1929 Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics
D2863 Test Method for Measuring the Minimum Oxygen Concentration to Support Candle-Like Combustion of Plastics
(Oxygen Index)
D3675 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Flexible Cellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
E162 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
E603 Guide for Room Fire Experiments
E662 Test Method for Specific Optical Density of Smoke Generated by Solid Materials
E906 Test
...
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