ASTM F1236-14
(Guide)Standard Guide for Visual Inspection of Electrical Protective Rubber Products
Standard Guide for Visual Inspection of Electrical Protective Rubber Products
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides inspection techniques that may be used to examine electrical protective rubber products for irregularities. The methods have applications in manufacturing locations, testing facilities, and in the field where the products are used.
4.2 This guide also contains photographs that supplement the descriptions of terms listed in Section 3 and in Definitions F819.
SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to present methods and techniques for the visual inspection of electrical protective rubber products. This guide also includes descriptions and photographs of irregularities found in these products.
Note 1: It is not the purpose of this guide to establish the acceptance level of any irregularity described herein. That shall be established by the standard for each product.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F1236 − 14
StandardGuide for
1
Visual Inspection of Electrical Protective Rubber Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1236; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 age cracks—surface cracks that may look like the
crazing of glazed ceramics and become progressively worse
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to present methods and
with time (see Fig. 3).
techniques for the visual inspection of electrical protective
rubber products. This guide also includes descriptions and
3.1.2.1 Discussion—It is normally a slow oxidation process
photographs of irregularities found in these products.
caused by exposure to sunlight and ozone in the atmosphere
and starts in areas of the rubber that are under stress.
NOTE 1—It is not the purpose of this guide to establish the acceptance
level of any irregularity described herein. That shall be established by the 3.1.3 breakdown—the electrical discharge or arc occurring
standard for each product.
between the electrodes and through the equipment being tested
(see Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6).
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical 3.1.4 chemical bloom—a white or yellowish discoloration
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only on the surface of a rubber product caused by the migration to
and are not considered standard. the surface of chemical additives used in the manufacture of
the finished product (see Fig. 7).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.5 color splash—a spot or blotch on the surface of a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
rubber product that occurred during the manufacturing process
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
when a contrasting colored particle of unvulcanized rubber
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
became embedded into the finished product (see Fig. 8).
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.6 cuts— smooth incisions in the surface of the rubber
2. Referenced Documents
that are usually caused by a sharp-edged object that can
2
increase in size when they are placed under strain (see Fig. 9).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.7 depressions or indentations—a shallow recess in the
F496 Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating Gloves
surface of the rubber that exhibits a thinner rubber thickness at
and Sleeves
the bottom of the depression than in the surrounding areas (see
F819 Terminology Relating to Electrical Protective Equip-
Fig. 10).
ment for Workers
3.1.8 detergent cracks —cracks that appear on the inside
3. Terminology
surface of a glove or sleeve that encircle the outline of a spot
of detergent residue that was not removed during the cleaning
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
and rinsing of the form prior to the dipping process.
3.1.1 abrasions and scratches—surface damage that nor-
3.1.9 embedded foreign matter—a particle of non-rubber
mally occurs when a product makes contact with an abrasive
material that has been molded into the finished product and
surface (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).
may appear as a bump when the rubber is stretched (see Fig.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Scuff-like damage can also occur from
11).
a brush contact with a hot object such as a soldering iron. This
3.1.10 form marks—a raised or indented section on the
can sometimes look like the graining on leather.
surface of the rubber that was caused by an irregularity in the
form.
1
3.1.11 hard spot—a hardened area on the rubber surface that
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 on Electrical
Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
is usually caused by exposure to high heat or chemical attack
F18.60 on Terminology.
(see Figs. 12-15).
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally
3.1.12 mold marks—a raised or indented section on the
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F1236 – 96(2012).
DOI: 10.1520/F1236-14.
surface of the rubber that was caused by an irregularity in the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
mold (see Figs. 16 and 17).
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.1.13 nicks, snags, or scratches—angular tears, notches, or
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. chip-like injuries in the surface of the rubber that have been
Copyright © ASTM International,
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1236 − 96 (Reapproved 2012) F1236 − 14
Standard Guide for
1
Visual Inspection of Electrical Protective Rubber Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1236; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 The purpose of this guide is to present methods and techniques for the visual inspection of electrical protective rubber
products. This guide also includes descriptions and photographs of irregularities found in these products.
NOTE 1—It is not the purpose of this guide to establish the acceptance level of any irregularity described herein. That shall be established by the
standard for each product.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F496 Specification for In-Service Care of Insulating Gloves and Sleeves
F819 Terminology Relating to Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 abrasions and scratches—surface damage that normally occurs when a product makes contact with an abrasive surface.
Scuff-like damage can also occur from a brush contact with a hot object such as a soldering iron. This can sometimes look like
the graining on leather (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).
3.1.1 abrasions and scratches—surface damage that normally occurs when a product makes contact with an abrasive surface
(see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2).
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 on Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F18.60
on Terminology.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2012Nov. 1, 2014. Published October 2012December 2014. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20072012
as F1236 – 96(2007).(2012). DOI: 10.1520/F1236-96R12.10.1520/F1236-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
Scuff-like damage can also occur from a brush contact with a hot object such as a soldering iron. This can sometimes look like
the graining on leather.
3.1.2 age cracks—surface cracks that may look like the crazing of glazed ceramics and become progressively worse with time.
It is normally a slow oxidation process caused by exposure to sunlight and ozone in the atmosphere and starts in areas of the rubber
that are under stress (see Fig. 3).
3.1.2 age cracks—surface cracks that may look like the crazing of glazed ceramics and become progressively worse with time
(see Fig. 3).
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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F1236 − 14
FIG. 1 Abrasion
FIG. 2 Scratches
It is normally a slow oxidation process caused by exposure to sunlight and ozone in the atmosphere and starts in areas of the rubber
that are under stress.
3.1.3 breakdown—the electrical discharge or arc occurring between the electrodes and through the equipment being tested (see
Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6).
3.1.4 chemical bloom—a white or yellowish discoloration on the surface of a rubber product caused by the migration to the
surface of chemical additives used in the manufacture of the finished product (see Fig. 57).
3.1.5 color splash—a spot or blotch on the surface of a rubber product that occurred during the manufacturing process when
a contrasting colored particle of unvulcanized rubber became embedded into the finished product (see Fig. 68).
3.1.6 cuts— smooth incisions in the surface of the rubber that are usually caused by a sharp-edged object that can increase in
size when they are placed under strain (see Fig. 79).
3.1.7 depr
...
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