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ASTM D6943-15

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Immersion Testing of Industrial Protective Coatings and Linings

Standard Practice for Immersion Testing of Industrial Protective Coatings and Linings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Protective coatings are used on metallic and concrete storage and processing vessels, shipping containers, dams and rail cars to protect the substrate from corrosive attack and to protect stored materials (cargo) from contamination. This method provides a means to assess the ability of a protective coating to resist degradation by chemicals and to protect the liquid cargo from contamination by either the substrate or coating, based on visual observations. Other measures of degradation, such as changes in weight or dimensions of the coating material, or chemical changes to the cargo, may be used to assess this protective ability as mutually agreed upon between contracting parties. Simple chemical-resistance evaluations of the lining materials may be performed more conveniently by other pertinent methods as a prescreening test for this procedure in accordance with Test Methods C267 and D471.  
4.2 This practice covers three approaches to conducting evaluations of a lining coating material’s fitness for purpose.  
4.2.1 Method A—Evaluation of specimens under conditions of constant temperature at atmospheric pressure, (that is, without a thermal gradient).  
4.2.2 Method B—Evaluation of specimens under conditions which provide a temperature gradient across the sample.  
4.2.3 Method C—Evaluation of specimens under conditions of constant temperature and increased pressure, (that is, without a thermal gradient).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes procedures for the evaluation of the resistance of industrial protective coatings to immersion in chemicals.  
1.2 Linings are a particular type of coating intended for protection of substrates from corrosion as a result of continuous or intermittent fluid immersion.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesis are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2015
ICS
25.220.99 - Other treatments and coatings
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.46 - Industrial Protective Coatings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6943-10 - Standard Practice for Immersion Testing of Industrial Protective Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Replaced By
ASTM D6943-15(2019) - Standard Practice for Immersion Testing of Industrial Protective Coatings and Linings
Effective Date
01-Oct-2019
Referred By
ASTM D6577-15(2019) - Standard Guide for Testing Industrial Protective Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015

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REDLINE ASTM D6943-15 - Standard Practice for Immersion Testing of Industrial Protective Coatings and Linings
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6943 − 15
Standard Practice for
Immersion Testing of Industrial Protective Coatings and
1
Linings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6943; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1474 Test Methods for Indentation Hardness of Organic
Coatings
1.1 This practice establishes procedures for the evaluation
D1734 Practice for Making Cementitious Panels for Testing
of the resistance of industrial protective coatings to immersion
Coatings
in chemicals.
D2200 Practice for Use of Pictorial Surface Preparation
1.2 Linings are a particular type of coating intended for
Standards and Guides for Painting Steel Surfaces
protection of substrates from corrosion as a result of continu-
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hard-
ous or intermittent fluid immersion.
ness
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
D2583 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plas-
standard. The values given in parenthesis are for information
tics by Means of a Barcol Impressor
only.
D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
D3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the D4138 Practices for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Protective Coating Systems by Destructive, Cross-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- Sectioning Means
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. D4417 Test Methods for Field Measurement of Surface
Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel
2. Referenced Documents
D4538 Terminology Relating to Protective Coating and
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: Lining Work for Power Generation Facilities
C267 Test Methods for Chemical Resistance of Mortars,
D4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using
Grouts,andMonolithicSurfacingsandPolymerConcretes
Portable Adhesion Testers
D16 TerminologyforPaint,RelatedCoatings,Materials,and
D5139 Specification for Sample Preparation for Qualifica-
Applications
tion Testing of Coatings to be Used in Nuclear Power
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
Plants
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
D5162 Practice for Discontinuity (Holiday) Testing of Non-
D610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted
conductive Protective Coating on Metallic Substrates
Steel Surfaces
D6132 TestMethodforNondestructiveMeasurementofDry
D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
Film Thickness of Applied Organic Coatings Using an
Paints
Ultrasonic Coating Thickness Gage
D785 Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and
D6577 Guide for Testing Industrial Protective Coatings
Electrical Insulating Materials
D6677 Test Method for Evaluating Adhesion by Knife
D7055 PracticeforPreparation(byAbrasiveBlastCleaning)
1
of Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Panels forTesting of Coatings
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
Subcommittee D01.46 on Industrial Protective Coatings.
Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published August 2015. Originally
Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coat-
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D6943 – 10. DOI:
10.1520/D6943-15.
ings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
D7234 Test Method for Pull-OffAdhesion Strength of Coat-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ings on Concrete Using Portable Pull-Off Adhesion Tes-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. ters
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6943 − 15
NOTE 1—Test plates with a minimum width of 25 mm (1 in.) may be
G113 Terminology Relating to Natural andArtificial Weath-
used if the film thickness is sufficiently uniform to prevent edge effects.
ering Tests of Nonmetallic Materials
3
3
2.2 NACE Standard: 5.1.2 Usenominal4.8mm( ⁄16in.)thickcarbonsteelpanels
TM 0174-2002 Laboratory Methods for the Evaluation of
in coating tests if a temperature gradient is included in the
Protective Coatings and Lining Materials on Metallic immersiontest,unlessotherwiseagreeduponbypurch
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6943 − 10 D6943 − 15
Standard Practice for
Immersion Testing of Industrial Protective Coatings and
1
Linings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6943; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice establishes procedures for the evaluation of the resistance of industrial protective coatings to immersion in
chemicals.
1.2 Linings are a particular type of coating intended for protection of substrates from corrosion as a result of continuous or
intermittent fluid immersion.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesis are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C868C267 Test MethodMethods for Chemical Resistance of Protective LiningsMortars, Grouts, and Monolithic Surfacings and
Polymer Concretes
D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
D610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted Steel Surfaces
D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints
D785 Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
D1474 Test Methods for Indentation Hardness of Organic Coatings
D1734 Practice for Making Cementitious Panels for Testing Coatings
D2200 Practice for Use of Pictorial Surface Preparation Standards and Guides for Painting Steel Surfaces
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
D2583 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plastics by Means of a Barcol Impressor
D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
D3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
D4138 Practices for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Protective Coating Systems by Destructive, Cross-Sectioning
Means
D4417 Test Methods for Field Measurement of Surface Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel
D4538 Terminology Relating to Protective Coating and Lining Work for Power Generation Facilities
D4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Testers
D5139 Specification for Sample Preparation for Qualification Testing of Coatings to be Used in Nuclear Power Plants
D5162 Practice for Discontinuity (Holiday) Testing of Nonconductive Protective Coating on Metallic Substrates
D6132 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Applied Organic Coatings Using an Ultrasonic
Coating Thickness Gage
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.46 on Industrial Protective Coatings.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2010June 1, 2015. Published March 2010August 2015. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20032010 as
D6943 - 03.D6943 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/D6943-10.10.1520/D6943-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6943 − 15
D6577 Guide for Testing Industrial Protective Coatings
D6677 Test Method for Evaluating Adhesion by Knife
D7055 Practice for Preparation (by Abrasive Blast Cleaning) of Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Panels for Testing of Coatings
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to Ferrous Metals
and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coatings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
D7234 Test Method for Pull-Off Adhesion Strength of Coatings on Concrete Using Portable Pull-Off Adhesion Testers
G113 Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests of Nonmetallic Materials
3
2.2 NACE Standard:
TM 0174-2002 Laboratory
...

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4.1 Protective coatings are used on metallic and concrete storage and processing vessels, shipping containers, dams and rail cars to protect the substrate from corrosive attack and to protect stored materials (cargo) from contamination. This method provides a means to assess the ability of a protective coating to resist degradation by chemicals and to protect the liquid cargo from contamination by either the substrate or coating, based on visual observations. Other measures of degradation, such as changes in weight or dimensions of the coating material, or chemical changes to the cargo, may be used to assess this protective ability as mutually agreed upon between contracting parties. Simple chemical-resistance evaluations of the lining materials may be performed more conveniently by other pertinent methods as a prescreening test for this procedure in accordance with Test Methods C267 and D471.  
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This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Practice for Xenon Arc Exposure Test with Enhanced Light and Water Exposure for Transportation Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test procedure is used to simulate the physical and environmental stresses that a coating for exterior transportation applications (for example, automotive) is exposed to in a subtropical climate, such as southern Florida. It has been found that such a subtropical climate causes particularly severe deterioration of such coatings. The long water exposures and wet/dry cycling found in southern Florida are particularly important for this deterioration, in addition to the high dosage of solar radiation (3). This practice was developed to address the deficiencies of historical tests used for transportation coatings, especially automotive coatings (4).
Note 1: This test procedure was developed through eight years of cooperative testing between automotive and aerospace OEM’s, material suppliers, and test equipment manufacturers. See References for published papers on this research.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice specifies the operating procedures for a controlled irradiance xenon arc light and water apparatus. The procedure uses one or more lamp(s) and optical filter(s) to produce irradiance similar to sunlight in the UV and visible range. It also simulates the water absorption and stress cycles experienced by automotive exterior coatings under natural weathering conditions. This practice has also been found applicable to coatings on other transportation vehicles, such as aircraft, trucks and rail cars.  
1.2 This practice uses a xenon arc light source with specified optical filter(s). The spectral power distribution (SPD) for the lamp and special daylight filter(s) is as specified in Annex A1. The irradiance level used in this practice varies between 0.40 and 0.80 W/(m2·nm) at 340 nm. Water is sprayed on the specimens during portions of several dark steps. The application of water is such that the coatings will absorb and desorb substantial amounts of water during testing. In addition, the cycling between wet/dry and warm/cool will induce mechanical stresses into the materials. These test conditions are designed to simulate the physical and chemical stresses from environments in a subtropical climate, such as southern Florida.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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