ASTM C173/C173M-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete. It measures the air contained in the mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.
4.1.1 Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates, air-cooled slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggregates.
4.2 This test method requires the addition of sufficient isopropyl alcohol, when the meter is initially being filled with water, so that after the first or subsequent rollings little or no foam collects in the neck of the top section of the meter. If more foam is present than that equivalent to 2 % air above the water level, the test is declared invalid and must be repeated using a larger quantity of alcohol. Addition of alcohol to dispel foam any time after the initial filling of the meter to the zero mark is not permitted.
4.3 The air content of hardened concrete may be either higher or lower than that determined by this test method. This depends upon the methods and amounts of consolidation effort applied to the concrete from which the hardened concrete specimen is taken; uniformity and stability of the air bubbles in the fresh and hardened concrete; accuracy of the microscopic examination, if used; time of comparison; environmental exposure; stage in the delivery, placement and consolidation processes at which the air content of the unhardened concrete is determined, that is, before or after the concrete goes through a pump; and other factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete containing any type of aggregate, whether it be dense, cellular, or lightweight.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C173/C173M − 23
Standard Test Method for
Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric
1
Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C173/C173M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This test method covers determination of the air content 2.1 ASTM Standards:
of freshly mixed concrete containing any type of aggregate, C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)
whether it be dense, cellular, or lightweight. and Voids in Aggregate
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Specimens in the Field
are to be regarded separately as standard. The inch-pound units
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may
gregates
not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield,
independently of the other. Combining values from the two
and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
Concrete
that provide explanatory information. These notes and foot-
C172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
notes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
considered as requirements of this standard.
Concrete by the Volumetric Method
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the C231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Con-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
crete by the Pressure Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- for Test Methods for Construction Materials
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
C1064/C1064M Test Method for Temperature of Freshly
(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic Mixed Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon
2
3. Terminology
prolonged exposure. )
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 For definitions of the terms used in this test method,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
refer to Terminology C125.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4. Significance and Use
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the air
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
content of freshly mixed concrete. It measures the air contained
in the mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.
Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.60 on Testing Fresh Concrete.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2023. Published October 2023. Originally
3
approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C173/C173M – 16. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/C0173_C0173M-23. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C173/C173M − 23
4.1.1 Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the
air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates,
air-cooled slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggre-
gates.
4.2 This test method requires the addition of sufficient
isopropyl alcohol, when the meter is initially being filled with
water, so that after the first or subsequent rollings little or no
f
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C173/C173M − 16 C173/C173M − 23
Standard Test Method for
Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric
1
Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C173/C173M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete containing any type of aggregate, whether
it be dense, cellular, or lightweight.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The inch-pound units are
shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may
2
cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”) and Voids in Aggregate
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
C172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.60 on
Testing Fresh Concrete.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2016Sept. 1, 2023. Published March 2016October 2023. Originally approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 20142016 as
C173/C173M – 14. DOI: 10.1520/C0173_C0173M-16.16. DOI: 10.1520/C0173_C0173M-23.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C173/C173M − 23
C231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C1064/C1064M Test Method for Temperature of Freshly Mixed Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of the terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology C125.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete. It measures the air contained in the
mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.
4.1.1 Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates, air-cooled
slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggr
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C173/C173M − 23
Standard Test Method for
Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric
1
Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C173/C173M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This test method covers determination of the air content 2.1 ASTM Standards:
of freshly mixed concrete containing any type of aggregate, C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)
whether it be dense, cellular, or lightweight. and Voids in Aggregate
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Specimens in the Field
are to be regarded separately as standard. The inch-pound units
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may
gregates
not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield,
independently of the other. Combining values from the two
and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
Concrete
that provide explanatory information. These notes and foot-
C172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
notes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
considered as requirements of this standard.
Concrete by the Volumetric Method
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
C231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Con-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the crete by the Pressure Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. C1064/C1064M Test Method for Temperature of Freshly
(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic
Mixed Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon
2
prolonged exposure. ) 3. Terminology
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 For definitions of the terms used in this test method,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
refer to Terminology C125.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4. Significance and Use
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the air
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
content of freshly mixed concrete. It measures the air contained
in the mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.
Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.60 on Testing Fresh Concrete.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2023. Published October 2023. Originally
3
approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C173/C173M – 16. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/C0173_C0173M-23. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C173/C173M − 23
4.1.1 Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the
air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates,
air-cooled slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggre-
gates.
4.2 This test method requires the addition of sufficient
isopropyl alcohol, when the meter is initially being filled with
water, so that after the first or subsequent rollings little or no
foam collects in the neck of the top section of the meter. If
more foam is present than that equivalent to 2 % air above the
water level, the test is de
...
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