ASTM B170-99(2004)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper—Refinery Shapes
Standard Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper—Refinery Shapes
ABSTRACT
This specification covers grade 1 ( UNS C10100) and grade 2 (UNS C10200) of oxygen-free electrolytic copper wire bars, billets, and cakes produced without the use of metallic or metaloidal deoxidizers. The chemical composition of each grade shall be in accordance with the requirements specified. The maximum mass resistivity for grade 1 and grade 2 are presented. Grade 1 shall withstand ten reverse bends without breaking, in accordance with test method d of test methods B 577. Grade 2 shall withstand eight reverse bends without breaking in accordance with Test Method D of test methods B 577.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for two grades of oxygen-free electrolytic copper wire bars, billets, and cakes produced without the use of metallic or metaloidal deoxidizers.
1.2 Oxygen-free copper, as described herein, is defined as copper containing oxygen not in excess of 0.0010 % (10 ppm).
1.2.1 Grade 1 copper (UNS C10100) corresponds to the designation OFE in Classification B 224.
1.2.2 Grade 2 copper (UNS C10200) corresponds to the designation OF in Classification B 224.
1.2.3 Grade 2 copper may be used to produce OFS designation coppers corresponding to UNS C10400, C10500, and C10700.
1.3 Although this specification includes certain UNS designations as described in Practice E 527, these designations are for cross reference only and are not specification requirements. In case of conflict, Specification B 170 shall govern.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only, except for analytical measurements where SI units are the norm.
1.5 The following hazard caveat pertains only to Section 13 and Annex A1, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: B170 – 99 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Specification for
Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper—Refinery Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B170; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor
Materials
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for two
B224 Classification of Coppers
gradesofoxygen-freeelectrolyticcopperwirebars,billets,and
B577 Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hy-
cakes produced without the use of metallic or metaloidal
drogen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in Copper
deoxidizers.
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
1.2 Oxygen-free copper, as described herein, is defined as
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
coppercontainingoxygennotinexcessof0.0010%(10ppm).
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1.2.1 Grade 1 copper (UNS C10100) corresponds to the
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-
designation OFE in Classification B224.
erations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and
1.2.2 Grade 2 copper (UNS C10200) corresponds to the
Related Materials
designation OF in Classification B224.
E53 TestMethodforDeterminationofCopperinUnalloyed
1.2.3 Grade 2 copper may be used to produce OFS desig-
Copper by Gravimetry
nation coppers corresponding to UNS C10400, C10500, and
E76 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Nickel-Copper
C10700.
Alloys
1.3 Although this specification includes certain UNS desig-
E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for
nations as described in Practice E527, these designations are
the Determination of Chemical Composition
forcrossreferenceonlyandarenotspecificationrequirements.
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
In case of conflict, Specification B170 shall govern.
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
1.4 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
3. Terminology
informationonly,exceptforanalyticalmeasurementswhereSI
3.1 Definitions:
units are the norm.
3.1.1 Definition of terms used shall be that found in Clas-
1.5 The following hazard caveat pertains only to Section 13
sification B224 and Terminology B846.
and Annex A1, of this specification. This standard does not
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
4. Ordering Information
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
4.1 Orders for material shall include the following informa-
to establish appropriate safety and health practices and
tion:
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
use.
4.1.2 Grade,
4.1.2.1 Grade 1 copper, (UNS C10100), corresponds to the
2. Referenced Documents
2 designation OFE in Classification B224,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.2.2 Grade 2 copper (UNS C10200), corresponds to the
B5 Specification for High Conductivity Tough-Pitch Cop-
designation OF in Classification B224,
per Refinery Shapes
4.1.3 Shape and size, and
4.1.4 Quantity.
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeB05onCopper
4.2 The following options are available and should be
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.07 on
specified at time of order when required:
Refined Copper.
Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originally 4.2.1 Certification,
approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as B170–99. DOI:
10.1520/B0170-99R04.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Withdrawn.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
the ASTM website. on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B170 – 99 (2004)
NOTE 1—For available shapes and sizes consult the manufacturer’s
4.2.2 Test reports,
published list.
4.2.3 Piece identification,
4.2.4 The amount of silver required in troy oz/short ton for
7.1.1 Wirebarscoveredbythisspecificationdonotconform
silver bearing (OFS) coppers,
in dimension to Specification B5.
4.2.4.1 The addition of silver up to an average of 30 troy
7.2 Wire Bars:
oz/short ton (0.102%) will be considered within the specifi-
7.2.1 A variation of 5% in weight, or
cation, with no individual silver analysis to exceed 35 troy
7.2.2 Avariation of ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) in height, or width, or
oz/short ton (0.12%), and
both, or
4.2.4.2 Copper with added silver corresponds to the desig-
7.2.3 A variation of 1% in length from the purchaser’s
nation OFS as shown in Classification B224 and to coppers
specification shall be considered good delivery.
UNS C10400, C10500, and C10700 as defined by the agreed
7.3 Cakes:
silver content.
7.3.1 A variation of 5% in weight, or
7.3.2 A variation of ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) in height or width, or
5. Chemical Composition
both, from the purchaser’s specification shall be considered
5.1 The composition of each grade shall be in accordance
good delivery.
with the requirements of Table 1.
7.3.3 Cakes may vary by 3% from any listed or specified
5.2 By agreement between purchaser and supplier, analysis
dimension greater than 8 in. (203 mm).
may be required and limits established for elements not
7.4 Billets:
specified in Table 1.
7.4.1 For billets up to 6 in. (152.4 mm) in diameter, a
variation of 5% in weight and 6 ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) in diameter
6. Physical Properties
from the purchaser’s specification shall be considered good
6.1 Electrical Resistivity:
delivery.
6.1.1 The maximum mass resistivity for Grade 1 is 0.15176
2 7.4.2 For billets 6 in. (152.4 mm) and over in diameter, the
V g/m (conductivity 101%, minimum, International An-
1 1
diametertoleranceshallbe+ ⁄16,− ⁄8 in.(+1.6mm,−3.2mm)
nealed Copper Standards, (IACS).
for good delivery.
6.1.2 The maximum mass resistivity for Grade 2 is 0.15328
2 7.4.3 By agreement between the manufacturer and the
V g/m (conductivity 100%, minimum, IACS).
purchaseradiametertoleranceof+0in.,− ⁄16 in.(+0mm,−4.8
6.2 Embrittlement Test:
mm) may be specified for billets 6 in. and over in diameter.
6.2.1 Grade 1 shall withstand ten reverse bends without
7.4.4 Billets varying in length by 62% from the listed or
breaking, in accordance with Test Method D of Test Methods
specified length shall be considered good delivery.
B577.
7.4.5 Billets shall be straight within ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) in 4 ft
6.2.2 Grade 2 shall withstand eight reverse bends without
(1.22m) as measured at the center of the billet.
breaking in accordance with Test Method D of Test Methods
7.4.6 Billets shall not be cupped except by specific agree-
B577.
ment at time of purchase.
7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
8. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
7.1 Standard Shapes and Sizes—The copper shall be sup-
plied in the form of wire bars, cakes, and billets (Note 1).
8.1 Wire Bars, Billets, and Cakes—Shall be substantially
freeofshrinkholes,porosity,cracks,coldsets,pits,inclusions,
A and similar defects.
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition
Element Grade 1 Grade 2
9. Sampling
B
Copper, min % 99.99 .
Copper (including silver), min % . . . 99.95
9.1 Forroutinesampling,themethodofsamplingshallbeat
ppm, max ppm, max
the discretion of the sampler.
Antimony 4 . . .
9.2 In the case of special requirements specified in the
Arsenic 5 . . .
Bismuth 1 . . .
purchase order or contract, the method of sampling shall be as
Cadmium 1 . . .
agreed upon between the producer, or supplier, and the
Iron 10 . . .
purchaser.
Lead 5 . . .
Manganese 0.5 . . .
9.3 In case of dispute, a sampling lot shall consist of all
Nickel 10 . . .
pieces in a shipment manufactured during a single production
Oxygen 5 10
C
Phosphorus 3 . period as defined and recorded by the manufacturer.
Selenium 3 . . .
9.4 Chemical Composition—In case of dispute concerning
Silver 25 . . .
chemical composition, each party shall select two pieces from
Sulfur 15 . . .
Tellurium 2 . . .
the lot to be investigated.
Tin 2 .
9.4.1 Each of the four selected pieces shall be sampled in
Zinc 1 . . .
the presence of both parties by drilling five holes, approxi-
A
Analytical uncertainty is not incorporated into the specified limits.
B mately ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter, at points equally spaced
Copper is determined by the difference of impurity total from 100.
C
Refer to Section 13. between the ends of the pieces.
B170 – 99 (2004)
9.4.2 For wire bars or billets, these holes shall be along an 9.8 Variation in Weights or Dimensions—In case of dispute
approximate center line, and with cakes, along an approximate concerning weights or dimensions, the representative of the
diagonal line between opposite corners. manufacturer and purchaser shall inspect all pieces where
physical defects or variations in weights are claimed. If such
9.4.3 The drilling shall be completely through each piece.
inspection is not practical, or if agreement is not reached, the
Surface drillings shall be rejected.
question of fact shall be submitted to a mutually agreeable
9.4.3.1 The drill bit used shall be thoroughly cleaned prior
umpire.
to use. The bit shall be made from a noncontaminating
material.
10. Number of Tests and Retests
9.4.3.2 No lubricant shall be used, and the drill shall not be
10.1 Number of Tests:
forced sufficiently to cause oxidation of the drillings.
10.1.1 The chemical composition, except for oxygen, shall
9.4.4 In case of a section more than 5 in. (125 mm) in
be determined as the mean of the observations from three
thickness, drillings may be made from opposite sides for a
replicate analyses of each of the four portions.
depth of not less than 2 in. (51 mm) in each direction instead
10.1.2 The oxygen content shall be determined as the mean
of completely through each piece, but, in other respects, the
of the results from the four test specimens.
drillings shall be conducted as previously described.
10.1.3 The mass resistivity shall be determined as the mean
9.4.5 The drillings from each of the four pieces are indi-
of the results from the four test specimens.
vidually mixed and divided into three approximately equal
10.1.4 Thefreedomfromembrittlementshallbedetermined
portions.
as the mean of the results from the four test specimens.
9.4.5.1 Each portion shall be placed in a sealed, noncon-
10.2 Retest:
taminating, package, and
10.2.1 In case of dispute one retest may be made by the
9.4.5.2 The twelve portions shall be individually identified,
manufacturer or the purchaser or both, under the conditions of
and
10.1.
9.4.5.3 Divided into three groups of four portion each, one
10.3 Umpire Test:
portion from each of the original four pieces; one group each
10.3.1 In the case where the retest does not settle the
for the manufacturer, the purchaser, and the umpire, if neces-
dispute, a second retest may be made by a third qualified
sary.
laboratory agreeable to the manufacturer and the purchaser.
9.4.6 Sampling of individual pieces weighing over 1000 lb The second retest shall be made on the samples set aside for
(453 kg) shall be by agreement between manufacturer and the this purpose.
purchaser. 10.3.2 The umpire provision does not preclude other ar-
rangements, by agreement or contract.
9.5 Oxygen—In case of dispute concerning oxygen content,
each party shall select two pieces from the lot to be investi-
11. Specimen Preparation
gated.
11.1 Oxygen:
9.5.1 Each of the four selected pieces shall be sampled in
11.1.1 The test specimen shall originate as a single piece of
the presence of both parties. A single piece of adequate size
appropriate size cut from a bar, cake, or billet from which a
shallbecutfromeachofthefourpiecesbymutuallyagreeable
0.25-in. (6.4-mm) test cube specimen is fabricated by means
means.
agreeable to the manufacturer and the purchaser.
9.5.2 Each piece shall be cut into three approximately equal
11.1.2 The test specimen shall be etched with a solution of
portions. The twelve portions thus obtained shall be individu-
nitric acid (HNO ) (1+1) for a time sufficient to produce a
ally identified.
visible reaction.
9.5.3 The twelve portions shall be divided into three groups
11.1.3 The test specimen is removed from the acid with
offourportionseach,onefromeachoftheoriginalfourpieces;
stainlesssteel,orplatinumtipped,tongs,orforceps,andrinsed
one group each for the manufacturer, the purchaser, and the
four times with distilled or deionized water.
umpire, if necessary.
11.1.4 The test specimen is covered with concentrated
9.6 Resistivity—In case of dispute concerning mass resis-
hydrochloric acid (HCl) for 5 min, rinsed four times with
tivity, each party shall select two pieces from the lot.
water, blotted dry, dipped in acetone, and allowed to air dry.
9.6.1 In the presence of both parties, and by mutually
11.1.5 The test specimen is weighed to the nearest 0.1 mg
agreeable means, a single sample of adequate size shall be cut
and analyzed in a properly calibrated oxygen analyzer.
from each of the four pieces and fabricated into a wire.
11.2 Resistivity:
9.6.2 Each coil shall be cut into three portions of approxi-
11.2.1 Eachtestspecimenshalloriginateasasinglepieceof
mately equal length, and the twelve portions thus obtained
appropriate size cut from a bar, cake, or billet. The specimen
shall be individually identified.
shall be forged or hot rolled.
9.6.3 The twelve wires shall be divided into three groups of
11.2.2 The external oxide shall be removed and the speci-
four wires each, one from each of the four original selected
mencolddrawnintoawireapproximately0.080in.(2.03mm)
pieces;onegroupeachforthemanufacturer,thepurchaser,and
in diameter.
the umpire, if necessary.
11.2.3 The wire shall be annealed in an inert atmosphere at
9.7 Embrittlement—In case of dispute concerning freedom approximately 500°C (932°F) for 30 min and cooled to
from embrittlement, sampling shall be described in 9.6. ambient temperature in the same inert atmosphere.
B170 – 99 (2004)
11.3 Embrittlement (Bend): 12.10.1 The specimen shall then be bent by hand over one
11.3.1 Each specimen shall originate as a single piece of edge through an angle of 90° and returned to its original
ap
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