ASTM B170-99(2010)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper—Refinery Shapes
Standard Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper—Refinery Shapes
ABSTRACT
This specification covers grade 1 ( UNS C10100) and grade 2 (UNS C10200) of oxygen-free electrolytic copper wire bars, billets, and cakes produced without the use of metallic or metaloidal deoxidizers. The chemical composition of each grade shall be in accordance with the requirements specified. The maximum mass resistivity for grade 1 and grade 2 are presented. Grade 1 shall withstand ten reverse bends without breaking, in accordance with test method d of test methods B 577. Grade 2 shall withstand eight reverse bends without breaking in accordance with Test Method D of test methods B 577.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for two grades of oxygen-free electrolytic copper wire bars, billets, and cakes produced without the use of metallic or metaloidal deoxidizers.
1.2 Oxygen-free copper, as described herein, is defined as copper containing oxygen not in excess of 0.0010 % (10 ppm).
1.2.1 Grade 1 copper (UNS C10100) corresponds to the designation OFE in Classification B224.
1.2.2 Grade 2 copper (UNS C10200) corresponds to the designation OF in Classification B224.
1.2.3 Grade 2 copper may be used to produce OFS designation coppers corresponding to UNS C10400, C10500, and C10700.
1.3 Although this specification includes certain UNS designations as described in Practice E527, these designations are for cross reference only and are not specification requirements. In case of conflict, Specification B170 shall govern.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only, except for analytical measurements where SI units are the norm.
1.5 The following hazard caveat pertains only to Section 13 and Annex A1, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: B170 – 99 (Reapproved 2010)
Standard Specification for
Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper—Refinery Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B170; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
´ NOTE—Section 2 editorially corrected in March 2011.
1. Scope B5 Specification for High Conductivity Tough-Pitch Cop-
per Refinery Shapes
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for two
B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor
gradesofoxygen-freeelectrolyticcopperwirebars,billets,and
Materials
cakes produced without the use of metallic or metaloidal
B224 Classification of Coppers
deoxidizers.
B577 Test Methods for Detection of Cuprous Oxide (Hy-
1.2 Oxygen-free copper, as described herein, is defined as
drogen Embrittlement Susceptibility) in Copper
coppercontainingoxygennotinexcessof0.0010%(10ppm).
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
1.2.1 Grade 1 copper (UNS C10100) corresponds to the
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
designation OFE in Classification B224.
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1.2.2 Grade 2 copper (UNS C10200) corresponds to the
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-
designation OF in Classification B224.
erations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and
1.2.3 Grade 2 copper may be used to produce OFS desig-
Related Materials
nation coppers corresponding to UNS C10400, C10500, and
E53 TestMethodforDeterminationofCopperinUnalloyed
C10700.
Copper by Gravimetry
1.3 Although this specification includes certain UNS desig-
E76 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Nickel-Copper
nations as described in Practice E527, these designations are
Alloys
forcrossreferenceonlyandarenotspecificationrequirements.
E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for
In case of conflict, Specification B170 shall govern.
the Determination of Chemical Composition
1.4 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
informationonly,exceptforanalyticalmeasurementswhereSI
units are the norm.
3. Terminology
1.5 The following hazard caveat pertains only to Section 13
3.1 Definitions:
and Annex A1, of this specification. This standard does not
3.1.1 Definition of terms used shall be that found in Clas-
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
sification B224 and Terminology B846.
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
to establish appropriate safety and health practices and
4. Ordering Information
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
4.1 Orders for material shall include the following informa-
use.
tion:
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
2. Referenced Documents
4.1.2 Grade,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.2.1 Grade 1 copper, (UNS C10100), corresponds to the
designation OFE in Classification B224,
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeB05onCopper
4.1.2.2 Grade 2 copper (UNS C10200), corresponds to the
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.07 on
designation OF in Classification B224,
Refined Copper.
4.1.3 Shape and size, and
Current edition approved April 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originally
approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as B170–99 (2004).
4.1.4 Quantity.
DOI: 10.1520/B0170-99R10.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
the ASTM website. on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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B170 – 99 (2010)
4.2 The following options are available and should be 7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
specified at time of order when required:
7.1 Standard Shapes and Sizes—The copper shall be sup-
4.2.1 Certification,
plied in the form of wire bars, cakes, and billets (Note 1).
4.2.2 Test reports,
NOTE 1—For available shapes and sizes consult the manufacturer’s
4.2.3 Piece identification,
published list.
4.2.4 The amount of silver required in troy oz/short ton for
silver bearing (OFS) coppers,
7.1.1 Wirebarscoveredbythisspecificationdonotconform
4.2.4.1 The addition of silver up to an average of 30 troy
in dimension to Specification B5.
oz/short ton (0.102%) will be considered within the specifi-
7.2 Wire Bars:
cation, with no individual silver analysis to exceed 35 troy
7.2.1 A variation of 5% in weight, or
oz/short ton (0.12%), and
7.2.2 Avariation of ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) in height, or width, or
4.2.4.2 Copper with added silver corresponds to the desig-
both, or
nation OFS as shown in Classification B224 and to coppers
7.2.3 A variation of 1% in length from the purchaser’s
UNS C10400, C10500, and C10700 as defined by the agreed
specification shall be considered good delivery.
silver content.
7.3 Cakes:
7.3.1 A variation of 5% in weight, or
5. Chemical Composition
7.3.2 A variation of ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) in height or width, or
5.1 The composition of each grade shall be in accordance
both, from the purchaser’s specification shall be considered
with the requirements of Table 1.
good delivery.
5.2 By agreement between purchaser and supplier, analysis
7.3.3 Cakes may vary by 3% from any listed or specified
may be required and limits established for elements not
dimension greater than 8 in. (203 mm).
specified in Table 1.
7.4 Billets:
7.4.1 For billets up to 6 in. (152.4 mm) in diameter, a
6. Physical Properties
variation of 5% in weight and 6 ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) in diameter
6.1 Electrical Resistivity:
from the purchaser’s specification shall be considered good
6.1.1 The maximum mass resistivity for Grade 1 is 0.15176
delivery.
V g/m (conductivity 101%, minimum, International An-
7.4.2 For billets 6 in. (152.4 mm) and over in diameter, the
nealed Copper Standards, (IACS). 1 1
diametertoleranceshallbe+ ⁄16,− ⁄8 in.(+1.6mm,−3.2mm)
6.1.2 The maximum mass resistivity for Grade 2 is 0.15328
for good delivery.
V g/m (conductivity 100%, minimum, IACS).
7.4.3 By agreement between the manufacturer and the
6.2 Embrittlement Test: 3
purchaseradiametertoleranceof+0in.,− ⁄16 in.(+0mm,−4.8
6.2.1 Grade 1 shall withstand ten reverse bends without
mm) may be specified for billets 6 in. and over in diameter.
breaking, in accordance with Test Method D of Test Methods
7.4.4 Billets varying in length by 62% from the listed or
B577.
specified length shall be considered good delivery.
6.2.2 Grade 2 shall withstand eight reverse bends without
7.4.5 Billets shall be straight within ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) in 4 ft
breaking in accordance with Test Method D of Test Methods
(1.22m) as measured at the center of the billet.
B577.
7.4.6 Billets shall not be cupped except by specific agree-
ment at time of purchase.
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition
8. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
Element Grade 1 Grade 2
8.1 Wire Bars, Billets, and Cakes—Shall be substantially
B
Copper, min % 99.99 .
freeofshrinkholes,porosity,cracks,coldsets,pits,inclusions,
Copper (including silver), min % . . . 99.95
ppm, max ppm, max and similar defects.
Antimony 4 . . .
Arsenic 5 . . .
9. Sampling
Bismuth 1 . . .
Cadmium 1 . . .
9.1 Forroutinesampling,themethodofsamplingshallbeat
Iron 10 . . .
the discretion of the sampler.
Lead 5 . . .
Manganese 0.5 . . .
9.2 In the case of special requirements specified in the
Nickel 10 . . .
purchase order or contract, the method of sampling shall be as
Oxygen 5 10
C
agreed upon between the producer, or supplier, and the
Phosphorus 3 .
Selenium 3 . . .
purchaser.
Silver 25 . . .
9.3 In case of dispute, a sampling lot shall consist of all
Sulfur 15 . . .
Tellurium 2 . . . pieces in a shipment manufactured during a single production
Tin 2 .
period as defined and recorded by the manufacturer.
Zinc 1 . . .
9.4 Chemical Composition—In case of dispute concerning
A
Analytical uncertainty is not incorporated into the specified limits.
B chemical composition, each party shall select two pieces from
Copper is determined by the difference of impurity total from 100.
C
Refer to Section 13. the lot to be investigated.
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B170 – 99 (2010)
9.4.1 Each of the four selected pieces shall be sampled in pieces;onegroupeachforthemanufacturer,thepurchaser,and
the presence of both parties by drilling five holes, approxi- the umpire, if necessary.
mately ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter, at points equally spaced
9.7 Embrittlement—In case of dispute concerning freedom
between the ends of the pieces. from embrittlement, sampling shall be described in 9.6.
9.4.2 For wire bars or billets, these holes shall be along an
9.8 Variation in Weights or Dimensions—In case of dispute
approximate center line, and with cakes, along an approximate concerning weights or dimensions, the representative of the
diagonal line between opposite corners.
manufacturer and purchaser shall inspect all pieces where
physical defects or variations in weights are claimed. If such
9.4.3 The drilling shall be completely through each piece.
Surface drillings shall be rejected. inspection is not practical, or if agreement is not reached, the
question of fact shall be submitted to a mutually agreeable
9.4.3.1 The drill bit used shall be thoroughly cleaned prior
umpire.
to use. The bit shall be made from a noncontaminating
material.
10. Number of Tests and Retests
9.4.3.2 No lubricant shall be used, and the drill shall not be
forced sufficiently to cause oxidation of the drillings.
10.1 Number of Tests:
9.4.4 In case of a section more than 5 in. (125 mm) in 10.1.1 The chemical composition, except for oxygen, shall
thickness, drillings may be made from opposite sides for a
be determined as the mean of the observations from three
depth of not less than 2 in. (51 mm) in each direction instead replicate analyses of each of the four portions.
of completely through each piece, but, in other respects, the
10.1.2 The oxygen content shall be determined as the mean
drillings shall be conducted as previously described.
of the results from the four test specimens.
9.4.5 The drillings from each of the four pieces are indi-
10.1.3 The mass resistivity shall be determined as the mean
vidually mixed and divided into three approximately equal of the results from the four test specimens.
portions.
10.1.4 Thefreedomfromembrittlementshallbedetermined
9.4.5.1 Each portion shall be placed in a sealed, noncon- as the mean of the results from the four test specimens.
taminating, package, and
10.2 Retest:
9.4.5.2 The twelve portions shall be individually identified, 10.2.1 In case of dispute one retest may be made by the
and
manufacturer or the purchaser or both, under the conditions of
10.1.
9.4.5.3 Divided into three groups of four portion each, one
portion from each of the original four pieces; one group each 10.3 Umpire Test:
for the manufacturer, the purchaser, and the umpire, if neces-
10.3.1 In the case where the retest does not settle the
sary. dispute, a second retest may be made by a third qualified
9.4.6 Sampling of individual pieces weighing over 1000 lb laboratory agreeable to the manufacturer and the purchaser.
The second retest shall be made on the samples set aside for
(453 kg) shall be by agreement between manufacturer and the
purchaser. this purpose.
10.3.2 The umpire provision does not preclude other ar-
9.5 Oxygen—In case of dispute concerning oxygen content,
rangements, by agreement or contract.
each party shall select two pieces from the lot to be investi-
gated.
11. Specimen Preparation
9.5.1 Each of the four selected pieces shall be sampled in
the presence of both parties. A single piece of adequate size
11.1 Oxygen:
shallbecutfromeachofthefourpiecesbymutuallyagreeable
11.1.1 The test specimen shall originate as a single piece of
means.
appropriate size cut from a bar, cake, or billet from which a
9.5.2 Each piece shall be cut into three approximately equal
0.25-in. (6.4-mm) test cube specimen is fabricated by means
portions. The twelve portions thus obtained shall be individu-
agreeable to the manufacturer and the purchaser.
ally identified.
11.1.2 The test specimen shall be etched with a solution of
9.5.3 The twelve portions shall be divided into three groups
nitric acid (HNO ) (1+1) for a time sufficient to produce a
offourportionseach,onefromeachoftheoriginalfourpieces;
visible reaction.
one group each for the manufacturer, the purchaser, and the
11.1.3 The test specimen is removed from the acid with
umpire, if necessary.
stainlesssteel,orplatinumtipped,tongs,orforceps,andrinsed
9.6 Resistivity—In case of dispute concerning mass resis-
four times with distilled or deionized water.
tivity, each party shall select two pieces from the lot.
11.1.4 The test specimen is covered with concentrated
9.6.1 In the presence of both parties, and by mutually hydrochloric acid (HCl) for 5 min, rinsed four times with
agreeable means, a single sample of adequate size shall be cut water, blotted dry, dipped in acetone, and allowed to air dry.
from each of the four pieces and fabricated into a wire.
11.1.5 The test specimen is weighed to the nearest 0.1 mg
9.6.2 Each coil shall be cut into three portions of approxi- and analyzed in a properly calibrated oxygen analyzer.
mately equal length, and the twelve portions thus obtained
11.2 Resistivity:
shall be individually identified.
11.2.1 Eachtestspecimenshalloriginateasasinglepieceof
9.6.3 The twelve wires shall be divided into three groups of appropriate size cut from a bar, cake, or billet. The specimen
four wires each, one from each of the four original selected shall be forged or hot rolled.
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B170 – 99 (2010)
11.2.2 The external oxide shall be removed and the speci- 12.9 Resistivity—In case of dispute concerning the electri-
mencolddrawnintoawireapproximately0.080in.(2.03mm) cal resistivity, the test method shall be in accordance withTest
in diameter.
Method B193.
11.2.3 The wire shall be annealed in an inert atmosphere at
12.10 Embrittlement—As required in 6.2, freedom from
approximately 500°C (932°F) for 30 min and cooled to
embrittlement shall be determined by lightly clamping each of
ambient
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