ASTM D448-12

Standard Classification for Sizes of Aggregate for Road and Bridge Construction

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Some contract documents specify certain aggregate sizes for specific uses or may suggest one or more of these sizes as appropriate for the preparation of various end-product mixtures. In some cases, closer limits on variability of the aggregate grading are required.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification defines aggregate size number designations and standard size ranges for mechanical sieve analyses of coarse aggregate and screenings for use in the construction and maintenance of various types of highways and bridges.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.Note 1—Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.  
1.3 The text of this classification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the classification.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2012
• ICS: 93.080.10 - Road construction
• Technical Committee: D04 - Road and Paving Materials
• Drafting Committee: D04.50 - Aggregate Specifications

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D448-08 - Standard Classification for Sizes of Aggregate for Road and Bridge Construction
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D6932/D6932M-21 - Standard Guide for Materials and Construction of Open-Graded Friction Course Plant Asphalt Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D6638-18 - Standard Test Method for Determining Connection Strength Between Geosynthetic Reinforcement and Segmental Concrete Units (Modular Concrete Blocks)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D692/D692M-20 - Standard Specification for Coarse Aggregate for Asphalt Paving Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D1863/D1863M-05(2018) - Standard Specification for Mineral Aggregate Used on Built-Up Roofs
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D4215-21 - Standard Specification for Cold-Mixed, Cold-Laid Asphalt Paving Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D6916-18 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Shear Strength Between Segmental Concrete Units (Modular Concrete Blocks)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D5360-15 - Standard Practice for Design and Construction of Bituminous Surface Treatments
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D6155-19 - Standard Specification for Nontraditional Coarse Aggregates for Asphalt Paving Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D1139/D1139M-22 - Standard Specification for Aggregate for Single or Multiple Asphalt Surface Treatments
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM C127-15 - Standard Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity) and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM G109-23 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Effects of Chemical Admixtures on Corrosion of Embedded Steel Reinforcement in Concrete Exposed to Chloride Environments
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D1369-19 - Standard Practice for Quantities of Materials for Asphalt-Aggregate Surface Treatments
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D5106-22 - Standard Specification for Steel Slag Aggregates for Asphalt Paving Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D5081/D5081M-90(2018) - Standard Test Method for Aggregate Layer Hiding Power
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D448 −12
Standard Classification for
1
Sizes of Aggregate for Road and Bridge Construction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D448; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
1.1 This classification defines aggregate size number desig-
Sieves
nations and standard size ranges for mechanical sieve analyses
of coarse aggregate and screenings for use in the construction
3. Terminology
and maintenance of various types of highways and bridges.
3.1 Definition of terms, see Terminology D8.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
4. Significance and Use
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
4.1 Some contract documents specify certain aggregate
sizes for specific uses or may suggest one or more of these
NOTE 1—Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Speci-
fication E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for sizes as appropriate for the preparation of various end-product
information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.
mixtures. In some cases, closer limits on variability of the
aggregate grading are required.
1.3 The text of this classification references notes and
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
5. Manufacture
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
5.1 The standard sizes of aggregate described in this clas-
considered as requirements of the classification.
sification are manufactured by means of any suitable process
2. Referenced Documents
used to separate raw material into the desired size ranges.
2
Production of standard sizes by blending two or more different
2.1 ASTM Standards:
components is permitted.
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
Aggregates
6. Standard Sizes
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
6.1 Standard aggregate sizes shall conform to the require-
ments
ments prescribed in Table 1 for the size number specified.
Conformance shall be determined by means of laboratory
1
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
sieves having square openings and conforming to Specification
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.50 on
E11.
Aggregate Specifications.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012. Published December 2012. Originally
7. Basis of Classification
approved in 1937. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D448 – 08. DOI:
10.1520/D0448-12.
7.1 Classification of an aggregate is based upon the size
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
number designation and size ranges shown in Table 1. Aggre-
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
gate shall be sampled in accordance with Practice D75 and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tested for grading by Test Method C136.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D448−12
2
TABLE 1 Standard Sizes of Processed Aggregate
Amounts Finer than Each Laboratory Sieve (Square Openings), mass percent
Nominal Size,
90- 300- 150-
Size
100- 75- 4.75- 2.36- 1.18-
Square
mm 63-mm 50-mm 37.5-mm 25.0-mm 19.0-mm 12.5-mm 9.5-mm µm µm
Number
mm mm mm mm mm
Openings 1 1 1 3 1 3
(3 ⁄2-in.) (2 ⁄2-in.) (2-in.) (1 ⁄2-in.) (1-in.) ( ⁄4-in.) ( ⁄2-in.) ( ⁄8-in.) (No. (No.
(4-in.) (3-in.) (No. 4) (No. 8) (No. 16)
50) 100)
1 90 to 37.5-mm 100 90 to 100 . 25 to 60 . 0 to 15 . 0 to 5 . . . . . . .
1 1
(3 ⁄2 to 1 ⁄2-in.)
2 63 to 37.5-mm . . 100 90 to 100 35 to 70 0 to 15 . 0 to 5 . . . . . . .
1 1
(2 ⁄2 to 1 ⁄2-in.)
24 63 to 19.0-mm . . 100 90 to 100 . 25 to 60 . 0 to 10 0 to 5 . . . . . .
1 3
(2 ⁄2 to ⁄4-in.)
3 50 to 25.0-mm . . . 100 90 to 100 35 to 70 0 to 15 . 0 to 5 . . . . . .
(2 to 1-in.)
357 50 to 4.75-mm . . . 100 95 to 100 . 35 to 70 . 10 to 30 . 0 to 5 . . . .
(2-in. to No. 4)
4 37.5 to 19.0-mm . . . . 100 90 to 100 20 to 55 0 to 15 . 0 to 5 . . . . .
1 3
(1 ⁄2 to ⁄4-in.)
467 37.5 to 4.75-mm . . . . 100 95 to 100 . 35 to 70 . 10 to 30 0 to 5 . . . .
1
(1 ⁄2-in. to No. 4)
5 25.0 to 12.5-mm. . . . . .
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D448 − 08 D448 − 12
Standard Classification for
1
Sizes of Aggregate for Road and Bridge Construction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D448; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This classification defines aggregate size number designations and standard size ranges for mechanical sieve analyses of
coarse aggregate and screenings for use in the construction and maintenance of various types of highways and bridges.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
NOTE 1—Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information
only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.
1.3 The text of this classification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the classification.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pavements
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
3. Terminology
3.1 Definition of terms, see Terminology D8.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Some contract documents specify certain aggregate sizes for specific uses or may suggest one or more of these sizes as
appropriate for the preparation of various end-product mixtures. In some cases, closer limits on variability of the aggregate grading
are required.
5. Manufacture
5.1 The standard sizes of aggregate described in this classification are manufactured by means of any suitable process used to
separate raw material into the desired size ranges. Production of standard sizes by blending two or more different components is
permitted.
6. Standard Sizes
6.1 Standard aggregate sizes shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1 for the size number specified.
Conformance shall be determined by means of laboratory sieves having square openings and conforming to Specification E11.
1
This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.50 on Aggregate
Specifications.
Current edition approved July 1, 2008Dec. 1, 2012. Published July 2008December 2012. Originally approved in 1937. Last previous edition approved in 20032008 as
D448 – 03a.D448 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/D0448-08.10.1520/D0448-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D448 − 12
2
TABLE 1 Standard Sizes of Processed Aggregate
Amounts Finer than Each Laboratory Sieve (Square Openings), mass percent
Nominal Size,
90- 300- 150-
Size
100- 75- 4.75- 2.36- 1.18-
Square
mm 63-mm 50-mm 37.5-mm 25.0-mm 19.0-mm 12.5-mm 9.5-mm μm μm
Number
mm mm mm mm mm
Openings 1 1 1 3 1 3
(3 ⁄2-in.) (2 ⁄2-in.) (2-in.) (1 ⁄2-in.) (1-in.) ( ⁄4-in.) ( ⁄2-in.) ( ⁄8-in.) (No. (No.
(4-in.) (3-in.) (No. 4) (No. 8) (No. 16)
50) 100)
1 90 to 37.5-mm 100 90 to 100 . 25 to 60 . 0 to 15 . 0 to 5 . . . . . . .
1 1
(3 ⁄2 to 1 ⁄2-in.)
2 63 to 37.5-mm . . 100 90 to 100 35 to 70 0 to 15 . 0 to 5 . . . . . . .
1 1
(2 ⁄2 to 1 ⁄2-in.)
24 63 to 19.0-mm . . 100 90 to 100 . 25 to 60 . 0 to 10 0 to 5 . . . . . .
1 3
(2 ⁄2 to ⁄4-in.)
3 50 to 25.0-mm . . . 100 90 to 100 35 to 70 0 to 15 . 0 to 5 . . . . . .
(2 to 1-in.)
357 50 to 4.75-mm . . . 100 95 to 100 . 35 to 70 . 10 to 30 . 0 to 5 . . . .
(2-in. to No. 4)
4 37.5 to 19.0-mm . . . . 100 90 to 100 20 to 55 0 to 15 . 0 to 5 . . . . .
1 3
(1 ⁄2 to ⁄4
...