ASTM D6932/D6932M-21
(Guide)Standard Guide for Materials and Construction of Open-Graded Friction Course Plant Asphalt Mixtures
Standard Guide for Materials and Construction of Open-Graded Friction Course Plant Asphalt Mixtures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides information to assist engineers with the design requirements and construction guidelines for paving an open-graded friction course (OGFC) surface layer. An OGFC is primarily used to improve the skid resistance and wear resistance of an asphalt pavement by providing an escape route for surface water beneath a moving wheel load. The asphalt mixture is typically produced with a low amount of fine aggregate particles and high air void content to provide a passageway of interconnected voids for moisture to drain away from the travelway. The film thickness of the asphalt and overall asphalt content are important for better stripping resistance and durability and aging properties.
Note 1: OGFCs may also be placed to reduce the tire-pavement interface noise and may also be placed to reduce the occurrence and severity of reflective cracking.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the construction of open-graded friction course (OGFC) plant asphalt mixtures. End-use specifications should be adopted to conform to job and user requirements. Where applicable, Specification D3666 should be applied as a minimum for agencies testing and inspecting road and paving materials.
1.2 Asphalt OGFCs are placed as the final wearing course for highways and airfields.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6932/D6932M − 21
Standard Guide for
Materials and Construction of Open-Graded Friction Course
1
Plant Asphalt Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6932/D6932M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C128 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity)
and Absorption of Fine Aggregate
1.1 This guide covers the construction of open-graded
C131/C131M Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of
friction course (OGFC) plant asphalt mixtures. End-use speci-
Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in
fications should be adopted to conform to job and user
the Los Angeles Machine
requirements. Where applicable, Specification D3666 should
C136/C136M Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and
be applied as a minimum for agencies testing and inspecting
Coarse Aggregates
road and paving materials.
C1252 Test Methods for Uncompacted Void Content of Fine
1.2 Asphalt OGFCs are placed as the final wearing course
Aggregate (as Influenced by Particle Shape, Surface
for highways and airfields.
Texture, and Grading)
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
D75/D75M Practice for Sampling Aggregates
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
D140/D140M Practice for Sampling Asphalt Materials
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
D448 Classification for Sizes of Aggregate for Road and
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
Bridge Construction
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
D946/D946M Specification for Penetration-Graded Asphalt
with the standard.
Binder for Use in Pavement Construction
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
D1461 Test Method for Moisture or Volatile Distillates in
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Asphalt Mixtures
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
D2419 Test Method for Sand Equivalent Value of Soils and
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Fine Aggregate
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D2995 Practice for Estimating Application Rate and Re-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
sidual Application Rate of Bituminous Distributors
2. Referenced Documents D3381/D3381M Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt
2
Binder for Use in Pavement Construction
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agen-
C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)
cies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
and Voids in Aggregate
D4791 Test Method for Flat Particles, Elongated Particles,
C88/C88M Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by
or Flat and Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregate
Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
D5821 Test Method for Determining the Percentage of
C127 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity)
and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate Fractured Particles in Coarse Aggregate
D6114/D6114M Specification for Asphalt-Rubber Binder
1 D6307 Test Method forAsphalt Content ofAsphalt Mixture
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.23 on by Ignition Method
Plant-Mixed Asphalt Surfaces and Bases.
D6373 Specification for Performance-Graded Asphalt
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published May 2021. Originally
Binder
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D6932/D6932M – 08
(2013). DOI: 10.1520/D6932_D6932M-21. D6390 Test Method for Determination of Draindown Char-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
acteristics in Uncompacted Asphalt Mixtures
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
D7064/D7064M Practice for Open-Graded Friction Course
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. (OGFC) Mix Design
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
1
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D6932/D6932M − 21
2.2 Other References: 6.2 Size—Aggregate should be as close to one size as is
TRB NCHRP Synthesis 284 Performance Survey on Open- economically practical, preferably in the range of 12.5 to
1
Graded Friction Course Mixes 4.75 mm[ ⁄2in.toNo.4],forOGFCwithupto25mm[1.0in.]
NCAT Report No. 2001-01 Design, Co
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6932/D6932M − 08 (Reapproved 2013) D6932/D6932M − 21
Standard Guide for
Materials and Construction of Open-Graded Friction Course
1
Plant Asphalt Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6932/D6932M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers the construction of bituminous open-graded friction course (OGFC) plant asphalt mixtures. End-use
specifications should be adopted to conform to job and user requirements. Where applicable, Specification D3666 should be
applied as a minimum for agencies testing and inspecting road and paving materials.
1.2 Bituminous open-graded friction courses Asphalt OGFCs are placed as the final wearing course for highways and airfields.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformancenonconformance with the standard.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”) and Voids in Aggregate
C88C88/C88M Test Method for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
C127 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity) and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
C128 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity) and Absorption of Fine Aggregate
C131C131/C131M Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the
Los Angeles Machine
C136C136/C136M Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates
C1252 Test Methods for Uncompacted Void Content of Fine Aggregate (as Influenced by Particle Shape, Surface Texture, and
Grading)
D75D75/D75M Practice for Sampling Aggregates
D140D140/D140M Practice for Sampling Asphalt Materials
D448 Classification for Sizes of Aggregate for Road and Bridge Construction
D946D946/D946M Specification for Penetration-Graded Asphalt Binder for Use in Pavement Construction
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.23 on Plant-Mixed
Asphalt Surfaces and Bases.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013May 1, 2021. Published February 2014May 2021. Originally approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 as
D6932/D6932M – 08.D6932/D6932M – 08 (2013). DOI: 10.1520/D6932_D6932M-08R13.10.1520/D6932_D6932M-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6932/D6932M − 21
D1461 Test Method for Moisture or Volatile Distillates in Asphalt Mixtures
D2419 Test Method for Sand Equivalent Value of Soils and Fine Aggregate
D2995 Practice for Estimating Application Rate and Residual Application Rate of Bituminous Distributors
D3381D3381/D3381M Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Binder for Use in Pavement Construction
D3666 Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
D4791 Test Method for Flat Particles, Elongated Particles, or Flat and Elongated Particles in Coarse Aggregate
D5821 Test Method for Determining the Percentage of Fractured Particles in Coarse Aggregate
D6114D6114/D6114M Specification for Asphalt-Rubber Binder
D6307 Test Method for Asphalt Content of Asphalt Mixture by Ignition Method
D6373 Specification for Performance-Graded Asphalt Binder
D6390 Test Method for Determination of Draindown Characteristics in Uncompacted Asphalt Mixtures
D7064D7064/D7064M Practice for Open-Graded Friction Cour
...
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