ASTM D1770-94(2000)e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Neps, Vegetable Matter, and Colored Fiber in Wool Top
Standard Test Method for Neps, Vegetable Matter, and Colored Fiber in Wool Top
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the number of neps and pieces of vegetable matter by size classes, and the number of colored fibers, in 15 g samples of wool top.
1.2 This test method is applicable to wool top in any form. Note 1 - For the determination of number of neps per specified mass of cotton samples, refer to Test Method D 1446.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 1770 – 94 (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Test Method for
Neps, Vegetable Matter, and Colored Fiber in Wool Top
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1770; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Adjunct references were corrected editorially in July 2006.
1. Scope 3.1.2 laboratory sample, n—a portion of material taken to
represent the lot sample, or the original material, and used in
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofthenumber
the laboratory as a source of test specimens.
of neps and pieces of vegetable matter by size classes, and the
2 3.1.3 lot, n—in acceptance sampling, that part of a consign-
number of colored fibers, in 15 g samples of wool top.
ment or shipment consisting of material from one production
1.2 This test method is applicable to wool top in any form.
lot.
NOTE 1—Forthedeterminationofnumberofnepsperspecifiedmassof
3.1.4 nep, n—one or more fibers occurring in a tangled and
cotton samples, refer to Test Method D 1446.
unorganized mass.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.4.1 Discussion—For the purpose of this test method, the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
mass of unorganized fibers retains its identity upon removal
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
from a fibrous strand.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.5 test specimen, n— for wool top, a length of specified
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
mass taken at random from a length of wool top selected as a
laboratory sample.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.6 top, n—in wool, a continuous untwisted strand of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
wool fibers from which the shorter fibers or noils have been
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
removed by combing.
D 1446 Method of Test for Number of Neps in Cotton
3.1.7 vegetable matter, n— in wool top, the pieces of burrs,
Samples
seeds, shive, leaves, twigs, and grasses which have escaped
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
removal in processing, also foreign vegetable fibers such as
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
hemp, sisal, etc., if present.
Nep Scale Standard (1 Photo), Vegetable Matter Standard (1
3.1.8 For definitions of other textile terms used in this test
Photo)
method, refer to Terminology D 123.
3. Terminology
4. Summary of Test Method
3.1 Definitions:
4.1 Four test specimens are taken and examined in accor-
3.1.1 colored fiber, n— in wool top, any fiber the color or
dancewithspecifiedprocedures.Eachobservedneporpieceof
shade of which differs from the normal color or shade of the
vegetable matter is classified by size, by visual comparison
fiber mass of the sample.
with a specified standard size chart. The numbers of each class
of neps and class of vegetable matter pieces, and the number of
coloredfibers,arerecordedforeachspecimen.Fromthesedata
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 onTextiles
the average counts per specimen of 15 g are calculated.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Wool Felt.
Current edition approved March 10, 2000. Published April 2000. Originally
5. Significance and Use
approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 1994 as D 1770–94.
Foradditionalinformation,referencemaybemadeto“NepsinWorstedSliver,”
5.1 Test Method D 1770 for the determination of neps,
Wool Science Review, Vol 22, March 1963, pp. 28–38.
3 vegetable matter, and colored fiber may be used for the
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
acceptance testing of commercial shipments of wool top but
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
caution is advised because the between-laboratory precision is
the ASTM website.
known to be poor. Comparative tests as directed in 5.1.1 may
Withdrawn.
be advisable.
Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.
ADJD1770.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D 1770 – 94 (2000)
NOTE—Figs. 1 and 2 should preferably not be used as substitutes for ADJD1770.
FIG. 1 Visual Standard
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in tests. Alternatively, a white translucent surface with under-
reported test results when using Test Method D 1770 for lighting may be used for all tests. When a translucent surface
acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and is used, colored fibers must be reexamined on an over-lighted
the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if white surface to avoid inclusion of medullated fibers.
there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent 6.4 Tweezers, with pointed ground ends.
statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of 6.5 Balance or Scale,capacityatleast25gwithasensitivity
bias.As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test of 0.01 g.
specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are
7. Sampling
from a lot of material of the type in question. The test
specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers 7.1 Lot Sample—As a lot sample for acceptance testing,
to each laboratory for testing.The average results from the two
take at random the number of shipping containers directed in
laboratories should be compared using Student’s t-test for an applicable material specification or other agreement be-
unpaireddataandanacceptableprobabilitylevelchosenbythe
tween the purchaser and the supplier. Consider shipping
two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either containers to be the primary sampling units.
its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the
NOTE 2—An adequate specification or other agreement between the
supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of
purchaser and the supplier requires taking into account the variability
the known bias.
between shipping containers, between laboratory samples within a ship-
ping container, and between test specimens within a laboratory sample to
6. Apparatus
provide a sampling plan with a meaningful producer’s risk, consumer’s
risk, acceptable quality level, and limiting quality level.
6.1 Nep Scale Standard, see Fig. 1 and ADJD1770.
6.2 Vegetable Matter Standard, see Fig. 2 and ADJD1770. 7.2 Laboratory Sample—As a laboratory sample for accep-
6.3 Examination Surfaces, consisting of a dark surface tance testing, take from each shipping container in the lot
illuminated from above for nep test and a white surface sample the first 3 yd (3 m) of material from the lead end of the
illuminated from above for vegetable matter and colored fiber strand that has a clean, uniform appearance. If the shipping
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D 1770 – 94 (2000)
Vegetable Matter Specks
Not to be Counted
1 1 1 3
⁄8 to ⁄2 in. (3.2 to 12.7 mm) ⁄2 to ⁄4 in. (12.7 to19.1 mm)
3 1
⁄4 to 1 in. (19.1 to 25.4 mm) 1 to 1 ⁄2 in. (25.4 to 38.1 mm)
NOTE—Figs. 1 and 2 should preferably not be used as substitutes for ADJD1770.
FIG. 2 Vegetable Matter Classes
containers in the lot sample contain multiple packages, take a random location along the length of the sample and cutting
laboratory sample from one package drawn at random from with scissors a section long enough to weigh 15.00 6 0.10 g,
each shipping container. adjusting the length as needed to obtain the required mass.
7.3 Test Specimens—Afterconditioning,takeonetestspeci- Record the mass of the conditioned specimen to the nearest
men from each unit in the laboratory sample by starting at a 0.01 g.
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D 1770 – 94 (2000)
8. Conditioning
N = average number of neps of nep size class i per 15 g of
i
wool top,
8.1 Bringthelaboratorysamplestomoistureequilibriumfor
n = total number of neps of nep size class i in the four
obtaining test specimens in the standard atmosphere for testing
i
specimens, and
textiles as directed in Practice D 1776. Preconditioning is not
w = combined mass of the four specimens, in grams.
necessary.
10.5 Vegetable Matter—Calculate to the nearest 0.1 unit-
9. Procedure
the average number of vegetable matter pieces of each size
class per 15 g of wool top, using Eq 3:
9.1 Test each weighed specimen, in the prevailing atmo-
sphere if preferred, as follows:
V 5 v 3 15/w (3)
j j
9.1.1 Draw a portion not exceeding one-tenth of the speci-
where:
men and spread it over the prescribed examination surface.
V = average number of vegetable matter pieces of size
j
9.1.2 Remove with tweezers each colored fiber and reserve
class j per 15 g of wool top,
for counting.
v = total number of vegetable matter pieces of size class
j
9.1.3 Also remove with tweezers each nep (except those
j in the four specimens, and
obviouslysmallerthansize1onthenepscale,Fig.1),andeach
w = combined mass of four specimens, in grams.
piece of vegetable matter (except those obviously smaller than
10.6 Combined “Defects”— If the term “defects”
...
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