ASTM C1293/C1293M-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Silica Reaction
Standard Test Method for Determination of Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Silica Reaction
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Alkali-silica reaction is a chemical interaction between some siliceous constituents of concrete aggregates and hydroxyl ions (1).5 The concentration of hydroxyl ion within the concrete is predominantly controlled by the concentration of sodium and potassium (2).
4.2 This test method is intended to evaluate the potential of an aggregate or combination of an aggregate with pozzolan or slag to expand deleteriously due to any form of alkali-silica reactivity (3, 4).
4.3 If testing an aggregate with pozzolan or slag, the results are used to establish minimum amounts of the specific pozzolan or slag needed to prevent deleterious expansion. Pozzolan or slag from a specific source can be tested individually or in combination with pozzolan or slag from other sources.
4.4 When selecting a sample or deciding on the number of samples for test, it is important to recognize the variability in lithology of material from a given source, whether a deposit of sand, gravel, or a rock formation of any origin. For specific advice, see Guide C295/C295M.
4.5 This test method is intended for evaluating the behavior of aggregates portland cement in concrete with an alkali (alkali metal oxide) content of 5.25 kg/m3 [8.85 lb/yd3] or in concrete containing pozzolan or slag with an alkali content proportionally reduced from 5.25 kg/m3 [8.85 lb/yd3] Na2O equivalent by the amount of pozzolan or slag replacing portland cement. This test method assesses the potential for deleterious expansion of concrete caused by alkali-silica reaction, of either coarse or fine aggregates, from tests performed under prescribed laboratory curing conditions that will probably differ from field conditions. Thus, actual field performance will not be duplicated due to differences in concrete alkali content, wetting and drying, temperature, other factors, or combinations of these (5).
4.6 Results of tests conducted on an aggregate as described herein should form a part of the basis for a decision as ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the susceptibility of an aggregate or combination of an aggregate with pozzolan or slag for participation in expansive alkali-silica reaction by measurement of length change of concrete prisms.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
Note 1: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1293/C1293M − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-
1
Silica Reaction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1293/C1293M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the sus-
C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)
ceptibility of an aggregate or combination of an aggregate with
and Voids in Aggregate
pozzolan or slag for participation in expansive alkali-silica
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
reaction by measurement of length change of concrete prisms.
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
gregates
are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values stated
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield,
in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore,
and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
used independently of the other, and values from the two
Concrete
systems shall not be combined.
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
NOTE 1—Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Speci-
C157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened
fication E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for
Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete
information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes Specimens in the Laboratory
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes C294 Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Con-
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered crete Aggregates
as requirements of the standard. C295/C295M Guide for Petrographic Examination of Ag-
gregates for Concrete
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
C490/C490M Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Deter-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
mination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Mortar, and Concrete
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Concrete
(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic
C618 Specification for Coal Ash and Raw or Calcined
and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
2
prolonged exposure. )
C702/C702M Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
to Testing Size
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
C856/C856M Practice for Petrographic Examination of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Hardened Concrete
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
C989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use in
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Concrete and Mortars
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
C1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious
Mixtures
C1260 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Ag-
1
gregates (Mortar-Bar Method)
This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee C09 on Concrete and
Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.50 on
Aggregate Reactions in Concrete.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally
3
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as C1293 – 20a. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/C1293_C1293M-23. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
Section on Safety Precautions, “Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,” Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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C1293/C129
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1293 − 20a C1293/C1293M − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-
1
Silica Reaction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1293;C1293/C1293M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the susceptibility of an aggregate or combination of an aggregate with pozzolan
or slag for participation in expansive alkali-silica reaction by measurement of length change of concrete prisms.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. No other units of
measurement are included in this standard. When combined standards are cited, the selection of measurement system is at the
user’s discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard.The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact
equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values
from the two systems shall not be combined.
NOTE 1—Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only
and does not represent a different standard sieve size.
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding
those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns
2
to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”) and Voids in Aggregate
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.50 on Aggregate
Reactions in Concrete.
Current edition approved June 1, 2020Nov. 1, 2023. Published July 2020November 2023. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as
C1293 – 20.C1293 – 20a. DOI: 10.1520/C1293-20A.10.1520/C1293_C1293M-23.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, “Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,” Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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C1293/C1293M − 23
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C294 Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Concrete Aggregates
C295/C295M Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete
C490/C490M Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and
Concrete
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
C618 Specification for Coal Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural P
...
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